Cited by 560Retinal Development and DisordersNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsDevelopmental Biology and Gene Regulation

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Transcriptional regulation of photoreceptor development and homeostasis in the mammalian retina

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Swaroop, Anand, Kim, Douglas, Forrest, Douglas·2010·Nature Reviews Neuroscience

DOI 10.1038/nrn2880PMC PMC11346175

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Abstract

In the developing vertebrate retina, diverse neuronal subtypes originate from multipotent progenitors in a conserved order and are integrated into an intricate laminated architecture. Recent progress in mammalian photoreceptor development has identified a complex relationship between six key transcription-regulatory factors (RORbeta, OTX2, NRL, CRX, NR2E3 and TRbeta2) that determine rod versus M cone or S cone cell fate. We propose a step-wise 'transcriptional dominance' model of photoreceptor cell fate determination, with the S cone representing the default state of a generic photoreceptor precursor. Elucidation of gene-regulatory networks that dictate photoreceptor genesis and homeostasis will have wider implications for understanding the development of nervous system function and for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

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Authors: Swaroop, A., Kim, D., & Forrest, D.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (US)
Corresponding author: Swaroop, Anand
ORCID: Swaroop, Anand
Kim, Douglas
Forrest, Douglas
Venue: Nature Reviews Neuroscience
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2010-08
Volume: 11
Issue: 8
Pages: 563-576
ISSN: 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
1471-0048
DOI: 10.1038/nrn2880
PMC: PMC11346175
OpenAlex: W2067470032
Cited by: 560
References: 154
Citations by year: 2026: 25 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 30
FWCI: 2.94
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Eye Institute (ZIAEY000473, Z01EY000450, ZIAEY000546)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Development and Disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
Keywords: photoreceptor development, transcriptional regulation, retina, S-cones, rod photoreceptors, M-cones, transcription factors, RORβ, Otx2, NRL, CRX, NR2E3, TRbeta2, gene regulatory networks
MeSH terms: Animals, Homeostasis, Humans, Photoreceptor Cells, Retina, Retinal Diseases, Transcription, Genetic, Apoptosis, Neurogenesis

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Transcriptional regulation of photoreceptor development and homeostasis in the mammalian retina

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