The DOI matches its Crossref record; 158 of the 158 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Tumor microenvironment and immune evasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Open accessAbstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), an aggressive malignancy, is characterized by high morbidity and low survival rates with limited therapeutic options outside of regional surgery, conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, and irradiation. Increasing studies have supported the synergistic role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in cancer advancement. The immune system, in particular, plays a key role in surveillance against the initiation, development, and progression of HNSCC. The understanding of how neoplastic cells evolve and evade the immune system whether through self-immunogenicity manipulation, or expression of immunosuppressive mediators, provides the foundation for the development of advanced therapies. Furthermore, the crosstalk between cancer cells and the host immune system have a detrimental effect on the TME promoting angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. This review provides a recent insight into the role of the key inflammatory cells infiltrating the TME, with a focus on reviewing immunological principles related to HNSCC, as cancer immunosurveillance and immune escape, including a brief overview of current immunotherapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials.
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1 retracted
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Cited by
Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions
Tan, Y., Wang, Z., Xu, M., Li, B., Huang, Z., Qin, S., Nice, E. C., Tang, J., & Huang, C. (2023) · International Journal of Oral Science · doi:10.1038/s41368-023-00249-w · Cited by 831
Metadata
- Authors
- Elmusrati, A., Wang, J., & Wang, C.-Y.
- Venue
- International Journal of Oral Science
- Published
- 2021-08-02
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 24-24
- ISSN
- 1674-2818 (ISSN-L)
- 2049-3169
- OpenAlex
- W3190675264
- Cited by
- 312
- References
- 158
- FWCI
- 14.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
