Cited by 6,791Cancer Immunotherapy and BiomarkersImmunotherapy and Immune ResponsesT-cell and B-cell Immunology

Cancer immunotherapy using checkpoint blockade

Open access
Ribas, Antoni, Wolchok, Jedd D.·2018·Science

Abstract

The release of negative regulators of immune activation (immune checkpoints) that limit antitumor responses has resulted in unprecedented rates of long-lasting tumor responses in patients with a variety of cancers. This can be achieved by antibodies blocking the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) or the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) pathway, either alone or in combination. The main premise for inducing an immune response is the preexistence of antitumor T cells that were limited by specific immune checkpoints. Most patients who have tumor responses maintain long-lasting disease control, yet one-third of patients relapse. Mechanisms of acquired resistance are currently poorly understood, but evidence points to alterations that converge on the antigen presentation and interferon-γ signaling pathways. New-generation combinatorial therapies may overcome resistance mechanisms to immune checkpoint therapy.

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Crossref · 10.1126/science.aar4060

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  • Key roles of TGF-β1 in suppressing the adaptive immune system are apparent from the lymphoproliferative autoimmune phenotype of Tgfb1−/− mice and similar phenotypes following selective ablation of TGF-β signaling components within CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

    “Key roles of TGF-β1 in suppressing the adaptive immune system are apparent from the lymphoproliferative autoimmune phenotype of Tgfb1−/− mice197–199, and similar phenotypes following selective ablation of TGF-β signaling components within CD4+ and CD8+ T cells200.”

    From TGFβ biology in cancer progression and immunotherapy (2021) · cites this paper as [199]

  • ICI are proven effective in several solid and hematologic cancers.

    “Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) such as antibodies targeting CTLA-4, PD-1 and its ligand (PD-L1), are proven effective in several solid and hematologic cancers.1”
  • Response rates to ICIs vary widely across cancers, from >80% in refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma to little or no response in mismatch repair-proficient colorectal cancer, with many indications at 20-40%.

    “Response rates to ICI treatment vary widely among different cancers, ranging from greater than 80% in patients with refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma to little or no response in patients with mismatch repair-proficient colorectal cancer (76, 77); many tumor indications fall within a response rate range of 20% to 40% (78).”
  • The overall survival response for immune checkpoint immunotherapies is not enough and needs more comprehensive study.

    “Nonetheless, the overall survival response for these immunotherapies is not enough and needs a more comprehensive study [335].”

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [23]Sznol M, Powderly JD, Smith DC, Brahmer JR, Drake CG, McDermott DF, Lawrence DP, Wolchok JD, Topalian SL, Lowy I, Safety and antitumor activity of biweekly MDX-1106 (Anti-PD-1, BMS-936558/ONO-4538) in patients with advanced refractory malignancies. Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, 15s (2010).

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Authors
Ribas, A., & Wolchok, J. D.
Affiliations
  • University of California, Los Angeles (US)
  • Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
Corresponding author
  • Ribas, Antoni
  • Wolchok, Jedd D.
Venue
Science
Published
2018-03-23
Volume
359
Issue
6382
Pages
1350-1355
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W2791483720
Cited by
6,791
References
59
Citations by year
2026: 734 · 2025: 827 · 2024: 928 · 2023: 899 · 2022: 963 · 2021: 905 · 2020: 787 · 2019: 576 · 2018: 166
FWCI
63.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Cancer Institute (R35 CA197633, P30 CA008748, P30 CA016042)
  • Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (N/A)
  • Ludwig Cancer Research (N/A)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Keywords
cancer immunotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade, CTLA-4, PD-1, antitumor T cells, acquired resistance, antigen presentation, interferon-gamma signaling, combination immunotherapy, tumor recurrence
MeSH terms
Antibodies, Humans, Immunotherapy, Neoplasms, CTLA-4 Antigen, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor

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