Adipose Tissue Function in Healthy Pregnancy, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Pre-Eclampsia
Open accessAbstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common disorder of pregnancy with short- and long-term consequences for mother and baby. Pre-eclampsia is of major concern to obstetricians due to its sudden onset and increased morbidity and mortality for mother and baby. The incidence of these conditions continues to increase due to widespread maternal obesity. Maternal obesity is a risk factor for GDM and pre-eclampsia, yet our understanding of the role of adipose tissue and adipocyte biology in their aetiology is very limited. In this article, available data on adipose tissue and adipocyte function in healthy and obese pregnancy and how these are altered in GDM and pre-eclampsia are reviewed. Using our understanding of adipose tissue and adipocyte biology in non-pregnant populations, a role for underlying adipocyte dysfunction in the pathological pathways of these conditions is discussed.
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The adipose tissue of obese pregnant women is dysfunctional, shows accelerated insulin resistance, and has decreased PPARγ expression.
“The adipose tissue of obese pregnant women is dysfunctional, shows accelerated insulin resistance, and has decreased expression of PPARγ, all of which are exacerbated by dysregulated secretion of adipokines and circulating inflammation markers [28].”
From Maternal Overnutrition and Fetal Programming: Long-Term Metabolic, Cognitive, and Epigenetic Consequences (2026) · cites this paper as [28]
The “Maternal obesity and adipose tissue function” section (page not provided) reports insulin resistance and lower adipose-tissue PPARγ expression in obese compared with lean pregnant women. It does not establish that insulin resistance accelerates, or that dysregulated adipokine secretion and circulating inflammation markers exacerbate all the changes listed; it says adipokines may play a role. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Trivett, C., Lees, Z. J., & Freeman, D. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Glasgow (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Freeman, Dilys J.
- Venue
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Published
- 2021-06-15
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1745-1756
- ISSN
- 0954-3007 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5640
- PMC
- PMC8636251
- OpenAlex
- W3172819556
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 2.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- British Heart Foundation (FS/18/58/34179)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- adipose tissue, adipocyte function, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, maternal obesity, pregnancy, adipocyte dysfunction, adipokines, adipose tissue inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Female, Humans, Obesity, Pre-Eclampsia, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Diabetes, Gestational
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