Archean phosphorus liberation induced by iron redox geochemistry
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The element phosphorus (P) is central to ecosystem growth and is proposed to be a limiting nutrient for life. The Archean ocean may have been strongly phosphorus-limited due to the selective binding of phosphate to iron oxyhydroxide. Here we report a new route to solubilizing phosphorus in the ancient oceans: reduction of phosphate to phosphite by iron(II) at low (<200 °C) diagenetic temperatures. Reduction of phosphate to phosphite was likely widespread in the Archean, as the reaction occurs rapidly and is demonstrated from thermochemical modeling, experimental analogs, and detection of phosphite in early Archean rocks. We further demonstrate that the higher solubility of phosphite compared to phosphate results in the liberation of phosphorus from ferruginous sediments. This phosphite is relatively stable after its formation, allowing its accumulation in the early oceans. As such, phosphorus, not as phosphate but as phosphite, could have been a major nutrient in early pre-oxygenated oceans.
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Archaean oceans may have contained substantial amounts of phosphite in addition to phosphate.
“Archaean oceans may have contained substantial amounts of phosphite in addition to phosphate (Pasek et al., 2013; Herschy et al., 2018).”
From Serpentinization as the source of energy, electrons, organics, catalysts, nutrients and pH gradients for the origin of LUCA and life (2023) · cites this paper as Herschy et al., 2018
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Herschy, B., Chang, S. J., Blake, R., Lepland, A., Abbott-Lyon, H., Sampson, J., Atlas, Z., Kee, T. P., & Pasek, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of South Florida (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Geological Survey of Norway (NO)
- Kennesaw State University (US)
- University of Leeds (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Pasek, Matthew A.
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2018-04-09
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1346-1346
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5890264
- OpenAlex
- W2797461662
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 7.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- DigitalCommons - Kennesaw State University (Kennesaw State University) (submittedVersion)
- Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1504217)
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NNX13AJ36G, CHE-1504217, NNX14AN96G)
- National Research Foundation
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2015R1D1A1A01060499)
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/H000259/1)
- Division of Chemistry (CHE-1504217, 1504217)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Keywords
- Archean ocean, phosphorus solubility, phosphites, phosphate reduction, ferrous iron, iron oxyhydroxide, phosphorus limitation, nutrient cycling, ferruginous sediments, diagenesis, early Earth geochemistry
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