Late Archean Biospheric Oxygenation and Atmospheric Evolution
Abstract
High-resolution geochemical analyses of organic-rich shale and carbonate through the 2500 million-year-old Mount McRae Shale in the Hamersley Basin of northwestern Australia record changes in both the oxidation state of the surface ocean and the atmospheric composition. The Mount McRae record of sulfur isotopes captures the widespread and possibly permanent activation of the oxidative sulfur cycle for perhaps the first time in Earth's history. The correlation of the time-series sulfur isotope signals in northwestern Australia with equivalent strata from South Africa suggests that changes in the exogenic sulfur cycle recorded in marine sediments were global in scope and were linked to atmospheric evolution. The data suggest that oxygenation of the surface ocean preceded pervasive and persistent atmospheric oxygenation by 50 million years or more.
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Concentration spikes at 2.5 to 2.66 Ga ago in Mo, Se, and Re and isotopic excursions of Mo, Se, U, and N have been interpreted as arising from O2 transients or "whiffs" of O2.
“Concentration spikes at 2.5 to 2.66 Ga ago in Mo, Se, and Re and isotopic excursions of Mo, Se, U, and N have been interpreted as arising from O2 transients or “whiffs” of O2 (110–113).”
From The Archean atmosphere (2020) · cites this paper as [111]
Pyrite in the S-MIF interval carries distinct S-MIF signals, with Δ33S reaching as high as +8‰ and Δ36S/Δ33S ratios centering around −0.98, characteristic of the Neoarchean array.
“The pyrite in the S-MIF interval (below the pink band in Fig. 2) carries distinct S-MIF signals, with Δ33S reaching as high as +8‰ and the Δ36S/Δ33S ratios centering around −0.98, which is characteristic of the Neoarchean array (Fig. 3) (30, 43).”
From Rapid oxygenation of Earth’s atmosphere 2.33 billion years ago (2016) · cites this paper as [43]
The Δ36S/Δ33S slope of −0.9 is widespread in Neoarchean sedimentary rocks and interpreted to be of atmospheric origin.
“This is also supported by the Δ36S/Δ33S slope of −0.9, which is widespread in Neoarchean sedimentary rocks and interpreted to be of atmospheric origin (9, 25, 30, 43).”
From Rapid oxygenation of Earth’s atmosphere 2.33 billion years ago (2016) · cites this paper as [43]
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- Authors
- Kaufman, A. J., Johnston, D. T., Farquhar, J., Masterson, A. L., Lyons, T. W., Bates, S., Anbar, A. D., Arnold, G. L., Garvin, J., & Buick, R.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Riverside (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kaufman, Alan J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2007-09-28
- Volume
- 317
- Issue
- 5846
- Pages
- 1900-1903
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2091864502
- Cited by
- 374
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 20.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Keywords
- Late Archean, atmospheric oxygenation, Hamersley Basin, sulfur isotopes, organic-rich shale, carbonates, atmospheric evolution, global correlation, South Africa
- MeSH terms
- Atmosphere, Australia, Bacteria, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxygen, Seawater, South Africa, Sulfates, Sulfur, Sulfur Isotopes, Time, Geologic Sediments
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