Cited by 28Cellular transport and secretionLipid Membrane Structure and BehaviorRNA Research and Splicing

The juxtamembrane linker of synaptotagmin 1 regulates Ca2+ binding via liquid-liquid phase separation

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Mehta, Nikunj, Mondal, Sayantan, Watson, Emma T., Cui, Qiang, Chapman, Edwin R.·2024·Nature Communications

Published version of a preprint

Abstract

Synaptotagmin (syt) 1, a Ca 2+ sensor for synaptic vesicle exocytosis, functions in vivo as a multimer. Syt1 senses Ca 2+ via tandem C2-domains that are connected to a single transmembrane domain via a juxtamembrane linker. Here, we show that this linker segment harbors a lysine-rich, intrinsically disordered region that is necessary and sufficient to mediate liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Interestingly, condensate formation negatively regulates the Ca 2+ -sensitivity of syt1. Moreover, Ca 2+ and anionic phospholipids facilitate the observed phase separation, and increases in [Ca 2+ ] i promote the fusion of syt1 droplets in living cells. Together, these observations suggest a condensate-mediated feedback loop that serves to fine-tune the ability of syt1 to trigger release, via alterations in Ca 2+ binding activity and potentially through the impact of LLPS on membrane curvature during fusion reactions. In summary, the juxtamembrane linker of syt1 emerges as a regulator of syt1 function by driving self-association via LLPS.

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Authors
Mehta, N., Mondal, S., Watson, E. T., Cui, Q., & Chapman, E. R.
Affiliations
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
  • Boston University (US)
Corresponding author
Chapman, Edwin R.
Venue
Nature Communications
Published
2024-01-04
Volume
15
Issue
1
Pages
262-262
ISSN
2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4390587663
Cited by
28
References
77
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 4
FWCI
6.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (MH061876)
  • U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS097362)
  • NSF | Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences | Division of Chemistry (2154804)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
Keywords
synaptotagmin-1, liquid-liquid phase separation, intrinsically disordered regions, calcium binding, synaptic vesicle exocytosis, C2 domain, condensate, anionic phospholipids, membrane curvature, droplet fusion, calcium sensor

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