Phosphorylation-mediated conformational change regulates human SLFN11
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Abstract
Human Schlafen 11 (SLFN11) is sensitizing cells to DNA damaging agents by irreversibly blocking stalled replication forks, making it a potential predictive biomarker in chemotherapy. Furthermore, SLFN11 acts as a pattern recognition receptor for single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and functions as an antiviral restriction factor, targeting translation in a codon-usage-dependent manner through its endoribonuclease activity. However, the regulation of the various SLFN11 functions and enzymatic activities remains enigmatic. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of SLFN11 bound to tRNA-Leu and tRNA-Met that give insights into tRNA binding and cleavage, as well as its regulation by phosphorylation at S219 and T230. SLFN11 phosphomimetic mutant S753D adopts a monomeric conformation, shows ATP binding, but loses its ability to bind ssDNA and shows reduced ribonuclease activity. Thus, the phosphorylation site S753 serves as a conformational switch, regulating SLFN11 dimerization, as well as ATP and ssDNA binding, while S219 and T230 regulate tRNA recognition and nuclease activity.
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- Authors
- Kugler, M., Metzner, F. J., Witte, G., Hopfner, K.-P., & Lammens, K.
- Affiliations
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Lammens, Katja
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2024-12-03
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 10500-10500
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11615386
- OpenAlex
- W4404974513
- Cited by
- 13
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9
- FWCI
- 1.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (210592381, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz-Prize)
- European Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Keywords
- SLFN11, Schlafen 11, phosphorylation, conformational change, tRNA binding, endoribonuclease activity, antiviral restriction factors, DNA damage response, replication fork stalling, tRNALeu, tRNA-Met, protein dimerization, ATP binding, cryo-EM structure
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate, DNA, Single-Stranded, Endoribonucleases, Humans, Models, Molecular, Nuclear Proteins, Phosphorylation, Protein Binding, Protein Conformation, RNA, Transfer, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Protein Multimerization
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