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Cited by 110Generative Adversarial Networks and Image SynthesisArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationMultimodal Machine Learning Applications

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A vision–language foundation model for the generation of realistic chest X-ray images

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Bluethgen, Christian, Chambon, Pierre, Delbrouck, Jean-Benoit, van der Sluijs, Rogier, Połacin, Małgorzata, Zambrano Chaves, Juan Manuel, Abraham, Tanishq Mathew, Purohit, Shivanshu, Langlotz, Curtis P., Chaudhari, Akshay S.·2024·Nature Biomedical Engineering
DOI 10.1038/s41551-024-01246-yPMC PMC11861387
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Abstract

The paucity of high-quality medical imaging datasets could be mitigated by machine learning models that generate compositionally diverse images that faithfully represent medical concepts and pathologies. However, large vision-language models are trained on natural images, and the diversity distribution of the generated images substantially differs from that of medical images. Moreover, medical language involves specific and semantically rich vocabulary. Here we describe a domain-adaptation strategy for large vision-language models that overcomes distributional shifts. Specifically, by leveraging publicly available datasets of chest X-ray images and the corresponding radiology reports, we adapted a latent diffusion model pre-trained on pairs of natural images and text descriptors to generate diverse and visually plausible synthetic chest X-ray images (as confirmed by board-certified radiologists) whose appearance can be controlled with free-form medical text prompts. The domain-adaptation strategy for the text-conditioned synthesis of medical images can be used to augment training datasets and is a viable alternative to the sharing of real medical images for model training and fine-tuning.

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Metadata

Authors
Bluethgen, C., Chambon, P., Delbrouck, J.-B., van der Sluijs, R., Połacin, M., Zambrano Chaves, J. M., Abraham, T. M., Purohit, S., Langlotz, C. P., & Chaudhari, A. S.
Affiliations
  • Stanford University (US)
  • University of California, Davis (US)
ORCID
Venue
Nature Biomedical Engineering
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2024-08-26
Volume
9
Issue
4
Pages
494-506
ISSN
2157-846X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1038/s41551-024-01246-y
PMC
PMC11861387
OpenAlex
W4401888965
Cited by
108
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 48 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 6
FWCI
15.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nature Biomedical Engineering (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Radiologie
  • National Institutes of Health (75N92020C00021, 75N92020C00008, AR077604, EB002524)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (75N92020C00008, 75N92020C00021, R01HL169345, R01HL167974)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR077604, R01AR079431)
  • National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (75N92020C00021, EB 002524, 75N92020C00008, P41EB027060, R01EB002524)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
Keywords
vision-language foundation models, latent diffusion models, domain adaptation, distribution shift, radiology reports, medical image synthesis, data augmentation, medical image dataset
MeSH terms
Machine Learning, Algorithms, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Language, Radiography, Thoracic, Thorax, Databases, Factual

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