Public use and public funding of science
Open accessAbstract
Knowledge of how science is consumed in public domains is essential for understanding the role of science in human society. Here we examine public use and public funding of science by linking tens of millions of scientific publications from all scientific fields to their upstream funding support and downstream public uses across three public domains—government documents, news media and marketplace invention. We find that different public domains draw from various scientific fields in specialized ways, showing diverse patterns of use. Yet, amidst these differences, we find two important forms of alignment. First, we find universal alignment between what the public consumes and what is highly impactful within science. Second, a field’s public funding is strikingly aligned with the field’s collective public use. Overall, public uses of science present a rich landscape of specialized consumption, yet, collectively, science and society interface with remarkable alignment between scientific use, public use and funding. Studying production, funding and consumption of science, the authors find a strong alignment between what the public consumes and what is impactful, as well as an alignment between funding and collective public use.
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Decisions about allocation of taxpayer dollars influence which scientific ideas receive support, which fields advance, and which investigators are able to initiate and sustain research programs.
“Through competitive grant programs at agencies such as the NSF and the NIH, decisions about the allocation of taxpayer dollars influence which scientific ideas receive support, which fields advance, and which investigators are able to initiate and sustain research programs (3–10).”
From The rise of large language models and the direction and impact of US federal research funding (2026) · cites this paper as [7]
The Discussion (page unavailable) says that funding allocation involves decisions by legislators and funding agencies that affect what is funded. The Results (page unavailable) examine how public investment varies across research fields. Our copy does not establish that these decisions determine which fields advance or which investigators can initiate and sustain research programs. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe federal funding process plays a central role in shaping the direction, diversity, and long-run impact of the US scientific enterprise and the global research landscape.
“Thus, the federal funding process plays a central role in shaping the direction, diversity, and long-run impact of the US scientific enterprise and—given America’s scientific leadership—the global research landscape as well (3–10).”
From The rise of large language models and the direction and impact of US federal research funding (2026) · cites this paper as [7]
The Abstract calls public investment a central feature of the scientific ecosystem, and the Results and Discussion describe funding decisions and substantial differences in funding across research fields (pages not available in our copy). These passages support the importance of funding to the US scientific enterprise, but they do not establish that the federal funding process shapes scientific diversity or long-run impact, or that its effects extend to the global research landscape. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Krauß, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198937401.003.0003
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Krauß, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198937401.003.0016 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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Krauß, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198937401.003.0006
Krauß, A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198937401.003.0002
- Authors
- Yin, Y., Dong, Y., Wang, K., Wang, D., & Jones, B. F.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Microsoft (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Dashun
- Jones, Benjamin F.
- Venue
- Nature Human Behaviour
- Published
- 2022-07-07
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1344-1350
- ISSN
- 2397-3374 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4284704491
- Cited by
- 123
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 65 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 5
- FWCI
- 17.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Human Behaviour (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Office of Scientific Research
- National Science Foundation
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Peter G. Peterson Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › scientometrics and bibliometrics research
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Research, Science, and Academia
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Academic Publishing and Open Access
- Keywords
- research funding, scientific publications, government documents, news media, science-society interface
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Mass Media, Knowledge
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