Reply to: Do not underestimate the cognitive benefits of exercise
Open accessIntegrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The prior umbrella review's analyses reinforced the conclusion that the effects of exercise on cognition are inconclusive, even when accounting for moderators.
“These analyses reinforced their conclusion that the effects of exercise on cognition are inconclusive, even when accounting for these moderators.”
From Effectiveness of exercise for improving cognition, memory and executive function: a systematic umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [17]
The prior umbrella review's analyses did not encompass mind-body exercises like yoga or Tai Chi.
“Moreover, the analyses did not encompass mind-body exercises like yoga or Tai Chi, which may confer unique cognitive benefits.”
From Effectiveness of exercise for improving cognition, memory and executive function: a systematic umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [17]
Cites
World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour
Bull, F. C., Al-Ansari, S. S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M. P., Cardon, G., Carty, C., Chaput, J.-P., Chastin, S., Chou, R., et al. (2020) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955 · Cited by 11,657 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…with the assessment of the certainty of the available evidence contained in the scientific report of the Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Group (see the web annex evidence profiles 3 ), which underpins the World Health Organization guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour 4 .”
Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory
Erickson, K. I., Voss, M. W., Prakash, R. S., Basak, C., Szabo, A., Chaddock, L., Kim, J. S., Heo, S., Alves, H., White, S. M., et al. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1015950108 · Cited by 4,855 · see citing works
Can cognitive processes be inferred from neuroimaging data?
POLDRACK, R. (2006) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.12.004 · Cited by 2,230 · see citing works
Northey, J. M., Cherbuin, N., Pumpa, K. L., Smee, D. J., & Rattray, B. (2018) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096587 · Cited by 1,380 · see citing works
Correcting for Bias in Psychology: A Comparison of Meta-Analytic Methods
Carter, E. C., Schönbrodt, F. D., Gervais, W. M., & Hilgard, J. (2019) · Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2515245919847196 · Cited by 588 · see citing works
Ludyga, S., Gerber, M., Pühse, U., Looser, V. N., & Kamijo, K. (2020) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-020-0851-8 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
An umbrella review of randomized control trials on the effects of physical exercise on cognition
Ciria, L. F., Román-Caballero, R., Vadillo, M. A., Holgado, D., Luque-Casado, A., Perakakis, P., & Sanabria, D. (2023) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-023-01554-4 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citationThe effect of regular exercise on cognitive functioning and personality.
Young, R. J. (1979) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsm.13.3.110 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Human dopaminergic system in the exercise-cognition link
Hou, M., Herold, F., Zhang, Z., Ando, S., Cheval, B., Ludyga, S., Erickson, K. I., Hillman, C. H., Yu, Q., Liu-Ambrose, T. Y. L., et al. (2024) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2024.04.011 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Do not underestimate the cognitive benefits of exercise
Dupuy, O., Ludyga, S., Ortega, F. B., Hillman, C. H., Erickson, K. I., Herold, F., Kamijo, K., Wang, C., Morris, T. P., Brown, B. M., et al. (2024) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-024-01949-x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Coen, R. F., LAWLOR, B. A., & Kenny, R. A. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1102593108 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Singh, B., Bennett, H., Miatke, A., Dumuid, D., Curtis, R., Ferguson, T., Brinsley, J., Szeto, K., Petersen, J. M., Gough, C., et al. (2025) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2024-108589 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Biomarkers of aging: from molecules and surrogates to physiology and function
Furrer, R., & Handschin, C. (2025) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00045.2024 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Vints, W. A. J., Gökçe, E., Langeard, A., Павлова, Ю., Çevik, Ö. S., Ziaaldini, M. M., Todri, J., Lena, O., Shalom, S. B., Jak, S., et al. (2025) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106381 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Herold, F., Giurgiu, M., Ebner‐Priemer, U., Brakenridge, C. J., Hallgren, M. Å., Owen, N. G., & Gronwald, T. (2025) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1249/jes.0000000000000377 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Characterizing the cognitive and mental health benefits of exercise and video game playing
Paleczny, S. G., Wild, C. J., Xue, A., Highfield, R., & Owen, A. M. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0334924 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ziv, G., Levin, O., & Masiulis, N. (2026) · Kinesiology Review · doi:10.1123/kr.2025-0076
- Authors
- Ciria, L. F., Román-Caballero, R., Vadillo, M. A., Holgado, D., Luque-Casado, A., Perakakis, P., & Sanabria, D.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Granada (ES)
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (ES)
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Sanabria, Daniel
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Human Behaviour
- Published
- 2024-08-20
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1464-1466
- ISSN
- 2397-3374 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4401729534
- Cited by
- 6
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Human Behaviour (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- BURJC Digital (King Juan Carlos University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Hispana (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- Biblos-e Archivo (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) (submittedVersion)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- physical activity, cognitive function, older adults, effect size heterogeneity, cognitive aging, sedentary behavior, physical activity guidelines
- MeSH terms
- Cognition, Humans, Exercise
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review