The DOI matches its Crossref record; 218 of the 218 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Tendinopathy
Open accessAbstract
Tendinopathy describes a complex multifaceted pathology of the tendon, characterized by pain, decline in function and reduced exercise tolerance. The most common overuse tendinopathies involve the rotator cuff tendon, medial and lateral elbow epicondyles, patellar tendon, gluteal tendons and the Achilles tendon. The prominent histological and molecular features of tendinopathy include disorganization of collagen fibres, an increase in the microvasculature and sensory nerve innervation, dysregulated extracellular matrix homeostasis, increased immune cells and inflammatory mediators, and enhanced cellular apoptosis. Although diagnosis is mostly achieved based on clinical symptoms, in some cases, additional pain-provoking tests and imaging might be necessary. Management consists of different exercise and loading programmes, therapeutic modalities and surgical interventions; however, their effectiveness remains ambiguous. Future research should focus on elucidating the key functional pathways implicated in clinical disease and on improved rehabilitation protocols. Tendinopathy is a multifaceted pathology of the tendon, characterized by pain and reduced function. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and the latest insights in the management of this disorder. Finally, the authors discuss the outstanding issues that will help achieve better outcomes in patients with tendinopathy.
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Cites
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Scaffold-Mediated Immunoengineering as Innovative Strategy for Tendon Regeneration
Russo, V., El Khatib, M., Prencipe, G., Cerveró-Varona, A., Citeroni, M. R., Mauro, A., Berardinelli, P., Faydaver, M., Haidar-Montes, A. A., Turriani, M., et al. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11020266 · Cited by 49
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Deng, J., Li, L., Oosterhof, J. J., Malliaras, P., Silbernagel, K. G., Breda, S. J., Eygendaal, D., Oei, E. H., & de Vos, R.-J. (2025) · Musculoskeletal Science and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.msksp.2025.103275 · Cited by 12
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Millar, N. L., Silbernagel, K. G., Thorborg, K., Kirwan, P. D., Galatz, L. M., Abrams, G. D., Murrell, G. A. C., McInnes, I. B., & Rodeo, S. A.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Disease Primers
- Published
- 2021-01-07
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-1
- ISSN
- 2056-676X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4211130574
- Cited by
- 801
- References
- 218
- FWCI
- 28.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Millar, N. L., Silbernagel, K. G., Thorborg, K., Kirwan, P. D., Galatz, L. M., Abrams, G. D., Murrell, G. A. C., McInnes, I. B., & Rodeo, S. A. (2021). Tendinopathy. Nature Reviews Disease Primers. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-020-00234-1
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