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The role of osteoblasts in energy homeostasis
Open accessAbstract
Osteoblasts are specialized mesenchymal cells that synthesize bone matrix and coordinate the mineralization of the skeleton. These cells work in harmony with osteoclasts, which resorb bone, in a continuous cycle that occurs throughout life. The unique function of osteoblasts requires substantial amounts of energy production, particularly during states of new bone formation and remodelling. Over the last 15 years, studies have shown that osteoblasts secrete endocrine factors that integrate the metabolic requirements of bone formation with global energy balance through the regulation of insulin production, feeding behaviour and adipose tissue metabolism. In this article, we summarize the current understanding of three osteoblast-derived metabolic hormones (osteocalcin, lipocalin and sclerostin) and the clinical evidence that suggests the relevance of these pathways in humans, while also discussing the necessity of specific energy substrates (glucose, fatty acids and amino acids) to fuel bone formation and promote osteoblast differentiation.
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“Furthermore, new research has shown that the WNT pathway directly alters cellular metabolism in OB lineage cells by promoting Gln catabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and aerobic glycolysis [48].”
From Mesenchymal stromal cells in bone marrow niche of patients with multiple myeloma: a double-edged sword (2025) · cites this paper as [48]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Dirckx, N., Moorer, M. C., Clemens, T. L., & Riddle, R. C.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Riddle, Ryan C.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Endocrinology
- Published
- 2019-08-28
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 651-665
- ISSN
- 1759-5029 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-5037
- PMC
- PMC6958555
- OpenAlex
- W2970822705
- Cited by
- 292
- References
- 192
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 2.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01 BX003724, IK6 BX004984, I01 BX001234)
- Office of Research and Development
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK099134)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- osteoblasts, energy homeostasis, bone remodeling, osteocalcin, lipocalin, sclerostin, bone formation, osteogenic differentiation, insulin, feeding behaviour, adipose tissue metabolism, glucose, fatty acids, amino acids
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Energy Metabolism, Homeostasis, Humans, Osteoblasts, Osteogenesis, Osteocalcin, Bone Remodeling, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Lipocalins
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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