Cited by 1,102Genomics and Chromatin DynamicsChromatin Remodeling and CancerCancer-related molecular mechanisms research

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Long-range enhancer–promoter contacts in gene expression control

Schoenfelder, Stefan, Fraser, Peter·2019·Nature Reviews Genetics

DOI 10.1038/s41576-019-0128-0

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Abstract

Spatiotemporal gene expression programmes are orchestrated by transcriptional enhancers, which are key regulatory DNA elements that engage in physical contacts with their target-gene promoters, often bridging considerable genomic distances. Recent progress in genomics, genome editing and microscopy methodologies have enabled the genome-wide mapping of enhancer-promoter contacts and their functional dissection. In this Review, we discuss novel concepts on how enhancer-promoter interactions are established and maintained, how the 3D architecture of mammalian genomes both facilitates and constrains enhancer-promoter contacts, and the role they play in gene expression control during normal development and disease.

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Authors: Schoenfelder, S., & Fraser, P.
Affiliations: Babraham Institute (GB)
Florida State University (US)
Corresponding author: Schoenfelder, Stefan
ORCID: Schoenfelder, Stefan
Fraser, Peter
Venue: Nature Reviews Genetics
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2019-05-13
Volume: 20
Issue: 8
Pages: 437-455
ISSN: 1471-0056 (ISSN-L)
1471-0064
DOI: 10.1038/s41576-019-0128-0
OpenAlex: W2945038365
Semantic Scholar: d851d5037a1a04033beae17bfcd824e8c27b304e
Cited by: 1,102
References: 218
Citations by year: 2026: 118 · 2025: 144 · 2024: 162 · 2023: 170 · 2022: 163 · 2021: 184 · 2020: 127 · 2019: 32
FWCI: 11.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Nature Reviews Genetics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Medical Research Council (MR/L007150/1, MR/T016787/1)
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/J004480/1)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01HL129971)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
Keywords: enhancer-promoter interactions, enhancers, 3D genome organization, chromatin looping, gene expression regulation, developmental gene regulation, disease
MeSH terms: Gene Editing, Animals, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Humans, Mammals, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Gene Expression, Genome, Genomics

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Long-range enhancer–promoter contacts in gene expression control

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