The evolution of SARS-CoV-2

SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor

Hoffmann, M., Kleine-Weber, H., Schroeder, S., Krüger, N., Herrler, T., Erichsen, S., Schiergens, T. S., Herrler, G., Wu, N.-H., Nitsche, A., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052 · Cited by 20,286

EVOLUTION IN MENDELIAN POPULATIONS

Wright, S. (1931) · Genetics · doi:10.1093/genetics/16.2.97 · Cited by 9,237

Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019

Wölfel, R., Corman, V. M., Guggemos, W., Seilmaier, M., Zange, S., Müller, M. A., Niemeyer, D., Jones, T. C., Vollmar, P., Rothe, C., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2196-x · Cited by 6,661

Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses

Cui, J., Li, F., & Shi, Z. (2018) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9 · Cited by 5,729

Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus

Korber, B., Fischer, W. M., Gnanakaran, S., Yoon, H., Theiler, J., Abfalterer, W., Hengartner, N., Giorgi, E. E., Bhattacharya, T., Foley, B., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.043 · Cited by 4,281

Coronaviruses: An Overview of Their Replication and Pathogenesis

Fehr, A. R., & Perlman, S. M. (2015) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1 · Cited by 3,910

Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2

Shang, J., Ye, G., Shi, K., Wan, Y., Luo, C., Aihara, H., Geng, Q., Auerbach, A., & Li, F. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2179-y · Cited by 3,661

SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape

Harvey, W. T., Carabelli, A. M., Jackson, B., Gupta, R. K., Thomson, E. C., Harrison, E. M., Ludden, C., Reeve, R., Rambaut, A., COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium, et al. (2021) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-021-00573-0 · Cited by 3,528

Nextstrain: real-time tracking of pathogen evolutionPreprint

Hadfield, J., Megill, C., Bell, S. M., et al. (2017) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/224048 · Cited by 3,172

Nextstrain: real-time tracking of pathogen evolution

Hadfield, J., Megill, C., Bell, S. M., Huddleston, J., Potter, B., Callender, C., Sagulenko, P., Bedford, T., & Neher, R. A. (2018) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bty407 · Cited by 3,154

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 molecular results from the first two COVID-19 waves in Gauteng

Govender, K., Mafuyeka, R. T., Lukhwareni, A., & Meyer, P. W. A. (2024) · Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.4102/sajid.v39i1.647

Risks of Coronavirus Infectious Disease 19 (SARS-COV2) in Companion AnimalsPreprint

Al-Farwachi, M. I., Al-Badrani, B. A., Al-Obaidi, Q. T., Hassan, S. D., & Iqbal, M. N. (2024) · Qeios · doi:10.32388/sj68rg.3

Data-Driven Research for Understanding and Predicting Viral Epidemics and Evolution

Ito, J. (2024) · Uirusu · doi:10.2222/jsv.74.49

Comparative Evolutionary Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron Variants in Kuwait

Alkhamis, M. A., Hussain, A., & Al-Therban, F. (2024) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v16121872

Multi-scale phylodynamic modelling of rapid punctuated pathogen evolution

Nguyen, Q. D., Chang, S. L., Suster, C. J. E., Rockett, R. J., Sintchenko, V., Sorrell, T. C., & Prokopenko, M. (2025) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013295

Genomic and Epidemiological Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Epidemic in Northwestern Greece

Sakaloglou, P., Bozidis, P., Kourou, K., Kostoulas, C., Gouni, A., Tsaousi, E., Koumpouli, D., Argyropoulou, S., Oikonomidis, P., Peponi, H., et al. (2024) · Acta Microbiologica Hellenica · doi:10.3390/amh69040026 · Cited by 3

Altered spike dynamics drives immune evasion of SARS-CoV-2Preprint

Saksela, K., Uğurlu, H., Salminen, P., Yuan, M., Fagerlund, R., Mäkelä, A. R., Žusinaite, E., Kesti, T., Rissanen, I., Merits, A., et al. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5310668/v1

Spike(s) protein gene microevolution of SARS CoV-2 virus in Bolivian Population

Terán, A. N., Tola, E. T., Voigt, D. A. A., & Barrón, R. L. (2024) · Journal of Health & Biological Sciences · doi:10.12662/2317-3076jhbs.v12i1.5426.p1-8.2024

Real-world Safety and Effectiveness of Sotrovimab in Japanese Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Final Report of General Drug Use Investigation

野瀬靖代, DANJO, T., Mizohata, H., KANEUCHI, A., Oda, K., Handa, Y., KAWANO, Y., & Takahashi, N. (2024) · Kansenshogaku zasshi · doi:10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.e24008

Clinical Performance Evaluation of the Ag Test for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A/B Viruses Using Nasopharyngeal Swabs

Yoou, M., Jeong, J. H., Choi, E. H., Kim, Y., & Ihm, C. (2024) · Imsang byeong'ri wa jeongdo gwanri/Journal of laboratory medicine and quality assurance · doi:10.15263/jlmqa.2024.46.4.208

Letter to the editor in response to “Response to ‘Influenza vaccination and COVID-19 infection risk and disease severity: A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of prospective studies’” by Babar

Riccio, M. D. (2024) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2024.09.015

What have we learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic?

Chatterjee, S., Duarte‐Neto, A. N., Cascella, M., Villapol, S., Viswanathan, A., Ganesh, A., Lai, C., & Remuzzi, G. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-19170-1.00054-1

Origin, evolution, and spread of SARS-CoV-2

Wolf, J. M., Wolf, L. M., Wolf, P. F., de Souza, A. P., Pille, A., Maccari, J. G., & Nasi, L. A. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-19170-1.00031-0

Innate Lymphoid Cells in COVID-19: Bystanders or Active Contributors?

Kang, M., Kwon, S., & Ryu, S. (2024) · Journal of Bacteriology and Virology · doi:10.4167/jbv.2024.54.4.284

Azadirachta Indica Phytoconstituents as Novel Inhibitors for Main Proteases of COVID-19: Molecular Dynamics and Simulation Study

Hussain, U., Gillani, F., Gull, L., Ahmad, U., Gull, I., Noreen, S., & Imran, M. (2025) · Indus journal of bioscience research. · doi:10.70749/ijbr.v3i1.449

Investigating mpox (monkeypox): linking web tools and genomic analysis

Zambrano, J. L., Moros, Z., Loureiro, C. L., Jaspe, R. C., Sulbarán, Y. F., Coll, D. S., & Pujol, F. H. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-22123-1.00007-7

Mathematical analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic dynamics in the emergence of resistant strains of SARS-CoV-2 in a vaccinated and non-vaccinated population: a real-world scenario in most countries

de León, U. A.-P., Pérez, Á. G. C., & Avila-Vales, E. J. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-44-328814-2.00009-6

The evolutionary origin of the strain of SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic

Alzubaydi, N. M. H., & Al-Nuaimi, B. T. (2025) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0254278

The Contentious Origins of SARS-CoV-2: A Comprehensive Review of Current KnowledgePreprint

Domingo, J. L. (2025) · Qeios · doi:10.32388/az7d1x

Clinical outcomes of admitted patients with COVID and an opioid overdose

Gerstein, B., Brewer, K. L., Tumin, D., & Hack, J. B. (2025) · The American Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2025.02.015

The Contentious Origins of SARS-CoV-2: A Comprehensive Review of Current KnowledgePreprint

Domingo, J. L. (2025) · Qeios · doi:10.32388/az7d1x.2

Evaluation of sample pooling for gene sequencing of SARS-CoV-2: a simulation study

Chen, H., Cheng, Y., He, X., Zhou, Y., Xie, W., Shen, D., He, Z., Li, R., Liu, W., Wang, L., et al. (2025) · The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries · doi:10.3855/jidc.20348

Revolutionizing CRISPR-based RNA diagnostics with single nucleotide resolution

Liu, H., Xiu, L., Li, Q. Y., & Yin, K. (2025) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105617

The Contentious Origins of SARS-CoV-2: A Comprehensive Review of Current KnowledgePreprint

Domingo, J. L. (2025) · Qeios · doi:10.32388/az7d1x.3

Diffusion and Percolation: How COVID-19 Spread Through Populations

Harris, J. E. (2025) · Populations · doi:10.3390/populations1010005

Modeling the Competitive Evolution and Large-scale Transmission Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and Emerging Viral PathogensPreprint

Huang, S., Lu, X., Xiao, Z., Zhuang, Y., Wei, X., Fan, Z., Huang, L., Zhao, S., Lynch, M., Yao, H., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.02.15.25322128

Structural and Phylogenetic Analysis on the Proofreading Activity of SARS-CoV-2

Ghosh, S., Biswas, S., Mohanty, R., Misra, N., Suar, M., & Kushwaha, G. S. (2025) · Current Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00284-025-04130-3

Il n’y a pas que l’alphabet viral qui menace le foie

Pastor, F., Delphin, M., Lucifora, J., & Verrier, E. R. (2025) · médecine/sciences · doi:10.1051/medsci/2025010

Within-Host Fitness and Antigenicity Shift Are Key Factors Influencing the Prevalence of Within-Host Variations in the SARS-CoV-2 S Gene

Xi, B., Hua, Z., Jiang, D., Chen, Z., Wei, J., Meng, Y.-H., & Du, H. (2025) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v17030362

Atemwegsinfektionen im Alter: RSV, Covid, Influenza, Pneumokokken & Co.

Kwetkat, A., Endres, A., Heppner, H. J., & Leischker, A. H. (2025) · CME · doi:10.1007/s11298-025-4168-9

Efficacy of dispirotripiperazine PDSTP in a golden Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Sanna, G., Riabova, O., Kazakova, E., Lepioshkin, A., Monakhova, N., Marongiu, A., Franci, G., Manzin, A., & Makarov, V. (2025) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2025.1546946

A rapid ecologic analysis, confirmed by a case–control study, identifies class I HLA alleles correlated to the risk of COVID-19

Correale, P., Baglìo, G., Parrella, R., Saladino, R. E., Cuomo, N., Scarano, F., Francone, M., Cuzzola, M., Foti, G., Mutti, L., et al. (2025) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-025-06285-w

Risk Factors for Liver Injury and Their Association with Treatment in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19

Kato, C., Ito, Y., Mori, Y., Ito, K., Fukumitsu, K., Fukuda, S., Kanemitsu, Y., Uemura, T., Tajiri, T., Ohkubo, H., et al. (2025) · Internal Medicine · doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.4705-24

Mitochondrial haplogroups and variants defines differential severity of COVID-19 in the Pakistani populationPreprint

Bukhari, A. R., Rehman, Y. A., Ashraf, J., Nasir, A., & Hasan, Z. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5180392/v1

Disparities in anti-SARS-CoV-2 reactivity according to vaccines administered in the era of omicron in Cameroon: Lessons for future outbreak response

Semengue, E. N. J., Takou, D., Potestà, M., Djupsa, S. C. N., Montesano, C., Chenwi, C. A., Beloumou, G. A., Nka, A. D., Ngueko, A. M. K., Molimbou, E., et al. (2025) · PLOS Global Public Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0004312

SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid detection using a recombinant phage display-isolated single-chain fragment variable

Salarifar, A., & Rasaee, M. J. (2025) · Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry · doi:10.1080/15321819.2025.2483839

Identification of lead small molecules for the design and development of potent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease inhibitors

Awuni, E. (2025) · Journal of Chemical Research · doi:10.1177/17475198251326083

SARS-Coronavirus-2: The Unexpected Plague

Wilson, V. G. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87562-5_13

Neurological Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Changing Variants: A 4-Year DW-MRI Study on Olfactory and Taste-Related Brain Regions

Albu, T. A., Iacob, N., & Susan-Resiga, D. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26073164

COVID-19 Infection in Pediatric Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Center in Jordan: Clinical Characteristics and Age-Related Patterns

Al‐Iede, M., Dannoun, M., Al-Ammouri, I. A., Al‐Zayadneh, E., Daher, A. H., Albaramki, J., Alsmady, D., Husain, O., Abusabra, B., Sinan, R. A., et al. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14082577

Overview of SARS-CoV-2 variants in the federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina throughout four waves of the pandemic

Čeko, I., Mulahuseinović, N., Durgut, S., Salihefendić, L., Ašić, A., Pećar, D., Handžić, N., Šegalo, S., Lasić, L., & Konjhodžić, R. (2025) · Technology and Health Care · doi:10.1177/09287329251327020

Kopfschmerz zurückzuführen auf eine Substanz oder deren Entzug

Göbel, H. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-68873-1_16

Introduction

Wang, Z., & Sofia, M. J. (2025) · doi:10.1002/9783527845088.ch00

Synthetic Generation of Escape Sequences for Escape Prediction of SARS-CoV-2

Bist, P. S., Tayara, H., & Chong, K. T. (2025) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-85902-1_27

SARS-CoV-2 lineage-dependent temporal phylogenetic distribution and viral load in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals

Zafilaza, K., Fauchois, A., Leducq, V., Coppée, R., Guilbaud, R., Yusti, A.-M. F., Todesco, È., Bridier‐Nahmias, A., Hingrat, Q. L., Choquet, S., et al. (2025) · Virology Journal · doi:10.1186/s12985-025-02711-z

Exploring Prognostic Markers for Patients With COVID‐19 in a Low‐Resource Setting: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Asaduzzaman, M., Bhuia, M. R., Bari, M. Z. J., Alam, Z., Roy, R. K., Roy, S., Talukder, G., Alam, M. M. J., & Bari, M. S. (2025) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1155/ijcp/5595869

In depth sequencing of a serially sampled household cohort reveals the within-host dynamics of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 and rare selection of novel spike variants

Bendall, E. E., Dimcheff, D. E., Papalambros, L., Fitzsimmons, W. J., Zhu, Y., Schmitz, J., Halasa, N., Chappell, J. D., Martin, E. T., Deyoe, J. E., et al. (2025) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1013134 · Cited by 3

A Novel Antiviral Therapeutic Platform: Anchoring IFN-β to the Surface of Infectious Virions Equips Interferon-Evasive Virions with Potent Antiviral Activity

Jabbour, H., Bastian, A. G., DeOca, K. B., & Mannie, M. D. (2025) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v17050697

Host genotype and sex shape influenza evolution and defective viral genomes

da Costa, R. M. A., Acosta-Alvarez, L., Curtis, K., Zarbock, K., Kelleher, J., Lamichhane, B. S., Valesano, A. L., Fitzsimmons, W. J., Lauring, A. S., Seger, J., et al. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-71605-7

ELV ‐ N34 , RvD6 ‐Isomer, or NPD1 Halt Replication of SARS ‐ CoV ‐2 Omicron BA.5 Virus in Human Lung and Nasal Cells

Calandria, J. M., Bazán, H. E. P., Bhattacharjee, S., Kautzmann, M.-A. I., Maness, N. J., & Bazan, N. G. (2025) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202403197r

Self-Supervised Temperature Representation Learning for Fever Screening

Yan, M., Qian, J., Shao, H., Luo, L., & Yang, J. J. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics · doi:10.1109/tcyb.2025.3571015

Asymptomatic SARS ‐ CoV ‐2 Infection: Association Involving the HLA‐B*15 Allele Group in Brazilian Individuals

Ayo, C. M., Magalhães, H., Miola, M. P., Brandão, C. C., Nogueira, M. L., Estofolete, C. F., de Souza, V. H., Visentainer, J. E. L., & de Mattos, L. C. (2025) · HLA · doi:10.1111/tan.70262

Comparison of NADAL COVID IgG/IgM rapid test and DiaSorin Liaison SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG assay across different blood sources and substrates

Dasari, H., Bourassa, C., Renaud, C., Tremblay, C. L., & Ducharme, F. M. (2025) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/spectrum.03350-24

The Contentious Origins of SARS-CoV-2: A Comprehensive Review of Current KnowledgePreprint

Domingo, J. L. (2025) · Qeios · doi:10.32388/az7d1x.5

Potential blocker of SARS-CoV entry and a narrow functionality of its spike protein motifs on Qubevirus platform

Dzelamonyuy, A., Ntemafack, A., Georgiadis, M. M., & Waffo, A. B. (2025) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2025.110371

Universal Bacterium-Vectored COVID-19 Vaccine Expressing Early SARS-CoV-2 Conserved Proteins Cross-Protects Against Late Variants in Hamsters

Jia, Q., Bielefeldt‐Ohmann, H., Masleša-Galić, S., Bowen, R. A., & Horwitz, M. A. (2025) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines13060633

Reconstruction of SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility within households in the UK Virus Watch StudyPreprint

Buggiotti, L., Ortiz, A. T., Didelot, X., Yavlinsky, A., Geismar, C., Kovar, J., Miller, C. M., Bernal, L. M. M., Williams, R. J., Abubakar, I., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.06.12.25329406

Collaboration and Decision-Support Tools to Mitigate Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Drug Interactions

Pike, M. L., Fischer, E. N., Hirn, S., Kriewall, N. E., Kudrna, C., Schmit, T. L., Tulledge‐Scheitel, S. M., & Zhao, Y. (2025) · Clinical Nurse Specialist · doi:10.1097/nur.0000000000000906

Remdesivir and hospitalization outcomes in patients with COVID -19 in the period of SARS-CoV-2 Delta circulation

Литвинчук, Д. В., Danilov, D. E., & Karpov, I. (2025) · Journal Infectology · doi:10.22625/2072-6732-2025-17-2-121-127

Association of RBD mutations with COVID-19 disease severity in the Iranian population

Mondeali, M., Mahjoor, M., Khaledi, M., Saghabashi, A., Rostami, S. F. A., & Modarressi, M. H. (2025) · Virus Genes · doi:10.1007/s11262-025-02168-w

Structural insights on the differentiation and reversion of conformational changes in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein models across variants occurring from December, 2019 to November, 2021

Cueno, M., & Imai, K. (2025) · ImmunoInformatics · doi:10.1016/j.immuno.2025.100055

Prediction of novel high-risk variants through co-occurrence analysis of mutation hotspots

Hwang, S., Kim, K.-M., Kim, S., Park, T., Yoo, H. M., & Park, D. (2025) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e43563

Assessment of the ability of SARS-CoV-2 strains of genetic variants B.1.1 and JN.1 to evade neutralizing antibodies from 2020 and 2023 convalescent patients

Pyankov, S. A., Zaykovskaya, A. V., Rybel, A. V., Боднев, С. А., & Pyankov, O. V. (2025) · Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity · doi:10.15789/2220-7619-aot-17915

SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins affect the expression of IL-8 and TNF-α cytokines and APOBEC genes in human lung A549 and liver Huh-7 cells

Bergant, M., Costa, M., Turk, Š., & Lovšin, N. (2025) · Acta Pharmaceutica · doi:10.2478/acph-2025-0024

The Contentious Origins of SARS-CoV-2: A Comprehensive Review of Current KnowledgePreprint

Domingo, J. L. (2025) · Qeios · doi:10.32388/az7d1x.4

Analysis of C-terminal Domain ORF6 for Mutation Pattern SARS-Cov-2 using Slicing Index

Arianty, R., Sutanty, E., & Setiyaningsih, E. (2024) · International Journal of Computer Applications · doi:10.5120/ijca2024923746

Analysis of Philogenetic SARS-CoV-2 on BLAST Query using Recursive Similarity Search

Rodiah, R., Susetianingtias, D. T., & Patriya, E. (2024) · International Journal of Computer Applications · doi:10.5120/ijca2024923754

A rare likely pathogenic HLA-DRB1 variant with compromised immunity in severe COVID-19 patient and in-hospital mortality

Mir, R., Alsayed, B. A., & Ullah, M. F. (2025) · Personalized Medicine · doi:10.1080/17410541.2025.2538424

Synergy at the cell population level in SARS-CoV-2 heterogeneous ACE2 expression

Lv, J., Cui, J., & Ma, W. (2025) · Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing · doi:10.1007/s12190-025-02581-2

Challenges and Opportunities of Genomic Surveillance SARS-CoV-2 in Mexico Meeting

Castelán-Sánchez, H. G., López-Leal, G., García-López, R., de León, U. A.-P., Delaye, L., Hernández-Rosales, M., Zárate, S., Wong, C., Avila-Vales, E. J., López-Martı́nez, I., et al. (2025) · COGS 2022 · doi:10.3390/blsf2025048001

Htrf-Based Identification of Small Molecules Targeting Sars-Cov-2 E Protein Interaction with Zo-1 Pdz2Preprint

Alvarez, F., larrous, F., Méchaly, A., Bardiaux, B., Quentin, G. O. O. R., Haouz, A., Séon‐Méniel, B., de Sousa, R. A., Bourg, S., Figadère, B., et al. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5355064

COVID-19 vaccination-infection status and immunological profile from India: A case study for prioritizing at risk population for targeted immunization

Gujjarlapudi, D., Mittal, A., Raju, V. D. G., Veturi, S. Y., Talukdar, R., Banerjee, R., Jagtap, N., Krishnaiah, S., Veeraiah, N., & Duvvur, N. R. (2025) · Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care · doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1977_24

HKU5-CoV-2: A Stealthy Viral Contender for the Next Pandemic

Kumar, D., Gupta, V., Jaiswal, N. K., & Tanwar, R. (2025) · Coronaviruses · doi:10.2174/0126667975404419250805134100

Differential response of human plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cells to SARS-CoV-2 variants

Kartasheva-Ebertz, D., Topalis, D., Umaña-Diaz, C., Ayas, O., Couture, L., Tonnerre, P., Medvedovic, J., Meertens, L., Soumelis, V., & Amara, A. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.113394

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages shifted antibody-mediated protection curves

Pattinson, D., Petrie, J. G., Jester, P. J., Guan, L., King, J. P., Halfmann, P., Belongia, E. A., Nguyen, H. Q., Kawaoka, Y., & Neumann, G. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.113386

A Novel Quadriplex Reverse Transcription PCR Assay for Robust SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis and Variant Detection: Experimental Optimization for Enhanced Sensitivity and Specificity

Mousa, N. O., Osama, M., Talkhan, H. A., & Osman, A. (2025) · Journal of Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1134/s1061934825700704

Molecular study of the SARS-CoV-2 new variants in Iran

Motazakker, M., & Bagheri, M. (2024) · Pneumologia · doi:10.2478/pneum-2025-0020

Evaluation of respiratory virus transmissibility and resilience from fomites: the case of 11 SARS-CoV-2 clinical isolates

Sisti, S., Criscuolo, E., Giuliani, B., Cavallaro, M., Sampaolo, M., Castelli, M., Burioni, R., Locatelli, M., & Clementi, N. (2025) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00774-25

COVID-19 Considerations in Heart Transplantation

Peled, Y. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-88290-6_17

Host Immune Defense Regulation Against Respiratory Infections

Hu, X., & Zhou, X. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-55254-0_13-1

Comprehensive Analysis of the Impact of Weight Loss Thresholds on Mouse Models of Fatal Viral Infection

Kenney, D., Matsuo, M., Unali, G., Wacquiez, A., Saeed, M., & Douam, F. (2025) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v17091225

Assessing the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutations on Antibody Binding: A Comparative Assessment of the Wuhan and JN.1 Variants’ Full-Length Spikes in a Multiplex Luminex Assay

Waweru, G., Nyakundi, R. K., Kutima, B., Owuor, S., Konyino, G., Gitonga, J. N., Lugano, D. I., Maina, A. W., Musyoki, J., Ochola, L. B., et al. (2025) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v17091248

Mechanisms for cross-neutralisation of diverse bat sarbecovirusesPreprint

Upadhyay, A., Seow, J., Alguel, Y., Newman, J., Thakur, N., Hay, A. L., Tam, J. C. H., Nans, A., Orton, R. J., Bailey, D., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.09.17.674891

COVID-19 and Alcohol Use

Lac, A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-73363-5_84

Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 S protein persists 4 years after the disease

Afridonova, Z. E., Топтыгина, А. П., & Semikina, E. L. (2025) · Russian Journal of Immunology · doi:10.46235/1028-7221-17227-imt

Age-Specific Differences in the Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibody to Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants Following Breakthrough Infections: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Zhang, Z., Kang, X., Zhao, X., Zhu, S., Feng, S., Du, Y., Wang, Z., Zhao, Y., Song, X., Li, X., et al. (2025) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines13101013

Immunogenicity and Safety of PHH-1V COVID-19 Vaccine as a Heterologous Booster in AdolescentsPreprint

Esteban, I., Pérez‐Caballero, R., Martínez, S. N., González-Amores, M., Soria, L. R., Bernad, L., Cavero, S. C., Trinité, B., Pumar, E. A., Moyà, R. P., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.10.08.25337592

Evolution of a fuzzy ribonucleoprotein complex in viral assemblyPreprint

Zhao, H., Li, T., Hassan, S. A., Nguyen, A., Datta, S. A., Zhang, G., Trent, C., Czaja, A. M., Wu, D., Aronova, M. A., et al. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.108922.1

Evolution of a fuzzy ribonucleoprotein complex in viral assemblyPreprint

Zhao, H., Li, T., Hassan, S. A., Nguyen, A., Datta, S. A., Zhang, G., Trent, C., Czaja, A. M., Wu, D., Aronova, M. A., et al. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.108922

What Has SARS-CoV-2 Taught Us About Evolution?

Liu, Y. (2025) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.94502 · Cited by 1

Efficacy and potential human and economic impact of a broadly protective betacoronavirus vaccinePreprint

Carnell, G., Vendramelli, R., Whittaker, C., Holbrook, J. A., Parthasarathy, S., Stewart, H., Olivier, J., Warner, B. M., Truong, T., George, C. L., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.10.17.25338244

Role of the Inflammasome Pathway According to the Expression of Proteins and Genetic Polymorphisms in COVID-19 Patients

dos Santos, T. R., Carstens, L. B., Barbosa, L. V., Collete, M., de Araújo, N., de Paula, C. B. V., de Azevedo, M. L. V., Almeida, A. C., Nagashima, S., de Noronha, L., et al. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26209993

Capturing the spatiotemporal spread of COVID-19 in 30 European countries during 2020 – 2022

Nguyen, T. H. T., Hens, N., & Faes, C. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-24795-6

Genomic Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Sublineages and Co-Circulation with Respiratory Viruses in Pediatric Patients in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Dorlass, E. G., Scagion, G. P., de Oliveira, F. B. L., Telezynski, B. L., Eisen, A. K. A., Caleiro, G. S., de Assis, I. B., Valério, C. A., Chalup, V. N., Monteiro, C. O., et al. (2025) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v17111421

In silico approaches to identify therapeutic drug targets against COVID-19: a detailed review with a case study

Basu, T., & Upadhyay, A. K. (2025) · In Silico Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s40203-025-00447-w

Sequencing and analysis of 131 SARS-CoV-2 isolates in previously sampled and unsampled regions of Jordan from 2020 to 2023

Khasawneh, R. H., Bartlow, A. W., Almharat, S., Almuhasen, A. M., Alhuniti, A. S., Hajaya, L., Habashneh, A. A. A., Alshudefat, O., Dojan, M. A., Tbakhi, A., et al. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0335070

Lethal mutagenesis and the transient within-host dynamics of viral adaptation

Guillemet, M., Martin, G., Hardy, E., Roze, D., & Gandon, S. (2025) · Virus Evolution · doi:10.1093/ve/veaf084

A novel surveillance-based method for estimating the waning of immunity following natural infection

Omori, R., Chemaitelly, H. S., & Abu-Raddad, L. J. (2025) · Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2025.106017

Zoonotic Origin, Genomic Organization, Transmission, and Mutation of SARS-CoV-2

Singh, A., Fazal, R., Sahu, U., Kumar, M., Bhatia, S., Sanyal, A., & Kumar, N. (2024) · Apple Academic Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781003467939-1

Five years of SARS-CoV-2 evolution: variants, mechanisms, and public health challenges

Aranda-Abreu, G. E., Rojas-Durán, F., Hernández‐Aguilar, M. E., Herrera‐Covarrubias, D., Tlapa-Monge, L. R., Pérez-Estudillo, C. A., Borra, A. C., & Mestizo-Gutiérrez, S. L. (2026) · Future Virology · doi:10.1080/17460794.2026.2674487

On the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and the emergence of variants of concern

Magiorkinis, G. (2022) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2022.10.008 · Cited by 25

Evolutionary Mechanisms of the Emergence of the Variants of Concern of SARS-CoV-2

Rouzine, I. M. (2025) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v17020197 · Cited by 12

Investigating the evolutionary origins of the first three SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern

Ghafari, M., Liu, Q., Dhillon, A., Katzourakis, A., & Weissman, D. B. (2022) · Frontiers in Virology · doi:10.3389/fviro.2022.942555 · Cited by 35