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Cited by 995Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein CondensatesQuantum many-body systemsQuantum Information and Cryptography

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 75 of the 76 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Quantum phases of matter on a 256-atom programmable quantum simulator

Open access
Ebadi, Sepehr, Wang, Tout T., Levine, Harry, Keesling, Alexander, Semeghini, Giulia, Omran, Ahmed, Bluvstein, Dolev, Samajdar, Rhine, Pichler, Hannes, Ho, Wen Wei, Choi, Soonwon, Sachdev, Subir, Greiner, Markus, Vuletić, Vladan, Lukin, Mikhail D.·2021·Nature
DOI 10.1038/s41586-021-03582-4
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Abstract

Motivated by far-reaching applications ranging from quantum simulations of complex processes in physics and chemistry to quantum information processing1, a broad effort is currently underway to build large-scale programmable quantum systems. Such systems provide insights into strongly correlated quantum matter2–6, while at the same time enabling new methods for computation7–10 and metrology11. Here we demonstrate a programmable quantum simulator based on deterministically prepared two-dimensional arrays of neutral atoms, featuring strong interactions controlled by coherent atomic excitation into Rydberg states12. Using this approach, we realize a quantum spin model with tunable interactions for system sizes ranging from 64 to 256 qubits. We benchmark the system by characterizing high-fidelity antiferromagnetically ordered states and demonstrating quantum critical dynamics consistent with an Ising quantum phase transition in (2 + 1) dimensions13. We then create and study several new quantum phases that arise from the interplay between interactions and coherent laser excitation14, experimentally map the phase diagram and investigate the role of quantum fluctuations. Offering a new lens into the study of complex quantum matter, these observations pave the way for investigations of exotic quantum phases, non-equilibrium entanglement dynamics and hardware-efficient realization of quantum algorithms. A programmable quantum simulator with 256 qubits is created using neutral atoms in two-dimensional optical tweezer arrays, demonstrating a quantum phase transition and revealing new quantum phases of matter.

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Show all 76 references

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Farhi, E., Goldstone, J. & Gutmann, S. A quantum approximate optimization algorithm. Preprint at https://arxiv.org/abs/1411.4028 (2014). · arXiv
  2. Zhou, L., Wang, S.-T., Choi, S., Pichler, H. & Lukin, M. D. Quantum approximate optimization algorithm: performance, mechanism, and implementation on near-term devices. Phys. Rev. X 10, 021067 (2020).
  3. Fishman, M., White, S. R. & Stoudenmire, E. M. The ITensor software library for tensor network calculations. Preprint at https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14822 (2020). · arXiv

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Metadata

Authors
Ebadi, S., Wang, T. T., Levine, H., Keesling, A., Semeghini, G., Omran, A., Bluvstein, D., Samajdar, R., Pichler, H., Ho, W. W., Choi, S., Sachdev, S., Greiner, M., Vuletić, V., & Lukin, M. D.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Austrian Academy of Sciences (AT)
  • University of California, Berkeley (US)
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author
Lukin, Mikhail D.
ORCID
Venue
Nature
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2021-07-07
Volume
595
Issue
7866
Pages
227-232
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
DOI
10.1038/s41586-021-03582-4
OpenAlex
W3117469420
Semantic Scholar
8466edf6fcdb2b524b0aec25107963c04f785de5
Cited by
995
References
76
Citations by year
2026: 126 · 2025: 232 · 2024: 215 · 2023: 192 · 2022: 191 · 2021: 39
FWCI
69.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (cc-by)
Funders
U.S. Department of Energy (DESC0021013, DESC0019030)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum many-body systems
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Information and Cryptography
Keywords
Rydberg atoms, optical tweezer arrays, neutral atom arrays, quantum spin systems, antiferromagnetic ordering, quantum critical dynamics, quantum phase diagram, quantum fluctuations, strongly correlated quantum matter

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