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The mosaic genome of indigenous African cattle as a unique genetic resource for African pastoralism

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Kim, Kwondo, Kwon, Taehyung, Dessie, Tadelle, Yoo, DongAhn, Mwai, Okeyo Ally, Jang, Jisung, Sung, Samsun, Lee, SaetByeol, Salim, Bashir, Jung, Jaehoon, Jeong, Heesu, Tarekegn, Getinet Mekuriaw, Tijjani, Abdulfatai, Lim, Dajeong, Cho, Seoae, Oh, Sung Jong, Lee, Hak-Kyo, Kim, Jaemin, Jeong, Choongwon, Kemp, Stephen, Hanotte, Olivier, Kim, Heebal·2020·Nature Genetics

DOI 10.1038/s41588-020-0694-2

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Abstract

Cattle pastoralism plays a central role in human livelihood in Africa. However, the genetic history of its success remains unknown. Here, through whole-genome sequence analysis of 172 indigenous African cattle from 16 breeds representative of the main cattle groups, we identify a major taurine × indicine cattle admixture event dated to circa 750-1,050 yr ago, which has shaped the genome of today's cattle in the Horn of Africa. We identify 16 loci linked to African environmental adaptations across crossbred animals showing an excess of taurine or indicine ancestry. These include immune-, heat-tolerance- and reproduction-related genes. Moreover, we identify one highly divergent locus in African taurine cattle, which is putatively linked to trypanotolerance and present in crossbred cattle living in trypanosomosis-infested areas. Our findings indicate that a combination of past taurine and recent indicine admixture-derived genetic resources is at the root of the present success of African pastoralism.

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Authors: Kim, K., Kwon, T., Dessie, T., Yoo, D., Mwai, O. A., Jang, J., Sung, S., Lee, S., Salim, B., Jung, J., Jeong, H., Tarekegn, G. M., Tijjani, A., Lim, D., Cho, S., Oh, S. J., Lee, H.-K., Kim, J., Jeong, C., Kemp, S., Hanotte, O., & Kim, H.
Affiliations: Seoul National University (KR)
International Livestock Research Institute (KE)
University of Khartoum (SD)
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SE)
Roslin Institute (GB)
National Institute of Animal Science (KR)
Jeonbuk National University (KR)
Gyeongsang National University (KR)
Corresponding author: Hanotte, Olivier
Kim, Heebal
ORCID: Kim, Kwondo
Kwon, Taehyung
Dessie, Tadelle
Yoo, DongAhn
Jang, Jisung
Salim, Bashir
Jung, Jaehoon
Tarekegn, Getinet Mekuriaw
Tijjani, Abdulfatai
Lim, Dajeong
Oh, Sung Jong
Lee, Hak-Kyo
Kim, Jaemin
Jeong, Choongwon
Kemp, Stephen
Hanotte, Olivier
Kim, Heebal
Venue: Nature Genetics
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2020-09-28
Volume: 52
Issue: 10
Pages: 1099-1110
ISSN: 1061-4036 (ISSN-L)
1546-1718
DOI: 10.1038/s41588-020-0694-2
OpenAlex: W3091710808
Cited by: 140
References: 135
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 2
FWCI: 8.79
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
nottingham-repository.worktribe.com
Licence: cc-by
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Nature Genetics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) (submittedVersion)
Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) (submittedVersion)
Greater South Information System
Funders: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
UK aid from the UK Government’s Department for International Development
Rural Development Administration (PJ01323701, PJ01040601)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Livestock Farming and Management
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
Keywords: crossbreeding, genetic ancestry, environmental adaptation, trypanotolerance, trypanosomiasis, heat tolerance, immune-related genes, Horn of Africa, cattle breeds, genetic resources
MeSH terms: Whole Genome Sequencing, Adaptation, Physiological, Africa, Alleles, Animals, Breeding, Cattle, Genotype, Hot Temperature, Mosaicism, Reproduction, Genome, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

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The mosaic genome of indigenous African cattle as a unique genetic resource for African pastoralism

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