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The mosaic genome of indigenous African cattle as a unique genetic resource for African pastoralism
Open accessAbstract
Cattle pastoralism plays a central role in human livelihood in Africa. However, the genetic history of its success remains unknown. Here, through whole-genome sequence analysis of 172 indigenous African cattle from 16 breeds representative of the main cattle groups, we identify a major taurine × indicine cattle admixture event dated to circa 750-1,050 yr ago, which has shaped the genome of today's cattle in the Horn of Africa. We identify 16 loci linked to African environmental adaptations across crossbred animals showing an excess of taurine or indicine ancestry. These include immune-, heat-tolerance- and reproduction-related genes. Moreover, we identify one highly divergent locus in African taurine cattle, which is putatively linked to trypanotolerance and present in crossbred cattle living in trypanosomosis-infested areas. Our findings indicate that a combination of past taurine and recent indicine admixture-derived genetic resources is at the root of the present success of African pastoralism.
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“Zebu cattle spread westward from the Abyssinian region across the continent and penetrated south to Zambia, forming two major hybrid zones of taurine and zebu cattle in West and Southern Africa [48,49,50].”
From The Genomic Landscape of Cattle: Domestication, Dispersal, and Adaptive Evolution (2026) · cites this paper as [50]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kim, K., Kwon, T., Dessie, T., Yoo, D., Mwai, O. A., Jang, J., Sung, S., Lee, S., Salim, B., Jung, J., Jeong, H., Tarekegn, G. M., Tijjani, A., Lim, D., Cho, S., Oh, S. J., Lee, H.-K., Kim, J., Jeong, C., Kemp, S., Hanotte, O., & Kim, H.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- International Livestock Research Institute (KE)
- University of Khartoum (SD)
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SE)
- Roslin Institute (GB)
- National Institute of Animal Science (KR)
- Jeonbuk National University (KR)
- Gyeongsang National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Hanotte, Olivier
- Kim, Heebal
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Genetics
- Published
- 2020-09-28
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1099-1110
- ISSN
- 1061-4036 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1718
- OpenAlex
- W3091710808
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 135
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 8.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Nature Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) (submittedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) (submittedVersion)
- Greater South Information System
- Funders
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- UK aid from the UK Government’s Department for International Development
- Rural Development Administration (PJ01323701, PJ01040601)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Livestock Farming and Management
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Keywords
- crossbreeding, genetic ancestry, environmental adaptation, trypanotolerance, trypanosomiasis, heat tolerance, immune-related genes, Horn of Africa, cattle breeds, genetic resources
- MeSH terms
- Whole Genome Sequencing, Adaptation, Physiological, Africa, Alleles, Animals, Breeding, Cattle, Genotype, Hot Temperature, Mosaicism, Reproduction, Genome, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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