The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neuromodulation of lumbosacral spinal networks enables independent stepping after complete paraplegia
Abstract
Spinal sensorimotor networks that are functionally disconnected from the brain because of spinal cord injury (SCI) can be facilitated via epidural electrical stimulation (EES) to restore robust, coordinated motor activity in humans with paralysis 1-3. Previously, we reported a clinical case of complete sensorimotor paralysis of the lower extremities in which EES restored the ability to stand and the ability to control step-like activity while side-lying or suspended vertically in a body-weight support system (BWS)4. Since then, dynamic task-specific training in the presence of EES, termed multimodal rehabilitation (MMR), was performed for 43 weeks and resulted in bilateral stepping on a treadmill, independent from trainer assistance or BWS. Additionally, MMR enabled independent stepping over ground while using a front-wheeled walker with trainer assistance at the hips to maintain balance. Furthermore, MMR engaged sensorimotor networks to achieve dynamic performance of standing and stepping. To our knowledge, this is the first report of independent stepping enabled by task-specific training in the presence of EES by a human with complete loss of lower extremity sensorimotor function due to SCI.
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“This recovery has been documented in various independent studies, including in participants with complete sensorimotor paralysis5,6,30–34.”
From Walking naturally after spinal cord injury using a brain–spine interface (2023) · cites this paper as [33]
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“The delivery of epidural electrical stimulation over the lumbar spinal cord has enabled many individuals with spinal cord injury to regain adaptive control over the activity of otherwise paralysed muscles.”
From Walking naturally after spinal cord injury using a brain–spine interface (2023) · cites this paper as [33]
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“78-81 Future advances with closed-loop stimulation and us-ing physiological biomarkers can aid in making this therapy more successful and meaningful to patients. extent endovascular neurosurgery), spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a technique developed and re fi ned by neurosurgeons, but now…”
The feasibility of using exoskeletal‐assisted walking with epidural stimulation: a case report study
Gorgey, A. S., Gill, S. S., Holman, M. E., Davis, J. C., Atri, R., Bai, O., Goetz, L. L., Lester, D. D., Trainer, R. J., & Lavis, T. D. (2020) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.50983 · Cited by 36
“20 m s 1 in a person with a T6 injury.(16) Another study showed that overground walking was achieved after 85 weeks (278 sessions) of SCES in one person with a mid-cervical SCI.”
BackgroundMethodRegenerative medicine for neurological diseases—will regenerative neurosurgery deliver?
Burns, T. C., & Quiñones‐Hinojosa, A. (2021) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.n955 · Cited by 36
First-in-human study of epidural spinal cord stimulation in individuals with spinal muscular atrophy
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“Although SCS is being studied as an assistive neuroprosthetic tool to improve movement after spinal cord injury 29,55,56 , stroke 30 and other neurodegenerative diseases 57–59 , this is the first time, to our knowledge, that a neurostimulation therapy was not engineered to assist movement but,…”
Dewolf, A. H., Ivanenko, Y. P., Zelik, K. E., Lacquaniti, F., & Willems, P. A. (2019) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00167.2019 · Cited by 36
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“Previous studies using epidural SCS in people with motor complete SCI have also reported considerable improvements in motor control (in the presence of SCS) in all participants (n = 12) [19,32,34], but recovery of volitional motor control with SCS off was only observed in a subset of these (5/12).”
BackgroundGill, M. L., Linde, M., Fautsch, K. J., Hale, R. F., Lopez, C., Veith, D. D., Calvert, J. S., Beck, L. A., Garlanger, K. L., Edgerton, V. R., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2020.569337 · Cited by 35
“…peripheral components of neuromuscular circuitry, which is thought to preferentially activate fatigable motor units at lower stimulus intensities than fatigue-resistant motor units (Henneman et al., 1965; Boom et al., 1993; Riess and Abbas, 2001; Godfrey et al., 2002; Popovic et al., 2002).”
BackgroundSelf-citationReversing 21 years of chronic paralysis via non‐invasive spinal cord neuromodulation: a case study
Alam, M., Ling, Y. T., Wong, A. Y. L., Zhong, H., Edgerton, V. R., & Zheng, Y. (2020) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.51051 · Cited by 34
“Furthermore, the impacts of tES on our patient’s full leg extension and flexion movements were similar to the findings in previous epidural stimulation studies.(5,6) The improved leg extension facilitated our patient to control her knees to prevent buckling during standing.”
ResultSelf-citationSamejima, S., Shackleton, C., Malik, R. N., Cao, K., Bohorquez, A., Nightingale, T. E., Sachdeva, R., & Krassioukov, A. V. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12082897 · Cited by 37
A computational outlook on neurostimulation
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“…application in pain control, epidural neurostimulation of the spinal cord has shown the ability to improve motor control in animals (Capogrosso et al. 2018b; Courtine et al. 2009; Ichiyama et al. 2005) and humans with severe paralysis (Angeli et al. 2018; Gill et al. 2018; Harkema et al. 2011).”
BackgroundOvercoming failure: improving acceptance and success of implanted neural interfaces
Dalrymple, A. N., Jones, S. T., Fallon, J. B., Shepherd, R. K., & Weber, D. J. (2025) · Bioelectronic Medicine · doi:10.1186/s42234-025-00168-7 · Cited by 38
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Mesbah, S., Gonnelli, F., Angeli, C., El-Baz, A. S., Harkema, S. J., & Rejc, E. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50938-y · Cited by 32
“= F t argmax p f t ( ) ( ( , )) (7) max f”
Yamaguchi, T., Beck, M. M., Therkildsen, E. R., Svane, C., Forman, C. R., Lorentzen, J., Conway, B. A., Lundbye‐Jensen, J., Geertsen, S. S., & Nielsen, J. B. (2020) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.14531 · Cited by 32
“However, there is accumulating evidence to suggest that it is possible to regain considerable function through training if a minimum of descending connections have survived and if the neural circuitries below the lesion are modulated either pharmacologically or through electrical stimulation during functional training…”
BackgroundSmith, A. C., Angeli, C., Ugiliweneza, B., Weber, K. A., II, Bert, R. J., Negahdar, M., Mesbah, S., Boakye, M., Harkema, S. J., & Rejc, E. (2021) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-021-06272-9 · Cited by 31
“3), and to initiate and control walking and stepping overground (Grahn et al. 2017; Angeli et al. 2018; Gill et al. 2018) when appropriate tonic scES parameters are applied.”
Stimulation of the cuneiform nucleus enables training and boosts recovery after spinal cord injury
Hofer, A., Scheuber, M. I., Sartori, A. M., Good, N., Stalder, S. A., Hammer, N., Fricke, K., Schalbetter, S. M., Engmann, A. K., Weber, R., et al. (2022) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awac184 · Cited by 32
“Epidural spinal cord stimulation has yielded promising results in studies on motor complete spinal cord-injured patients, 21,30,81 yet arelevantproportionofmotorcompletepatientsrespondingtoepi-dural stimulation has been suggested to be anatomically incomplete, 78,80 and thus the contribution of…”
Spinal cord associative plasticity improves forelimb sensorimotor function after cervical injury
Pal, A., Park, H., Ramamurthy, A., Asan, A. S., Bethea, T., Johnkutty, M., & Carmel, J. B. (2022) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awac235 · Cited by 32
Enhanced selectivity of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation by multielectrode configuration
Bryson, N. K., Lombardi, L., Hawthorn, R., Fei, J., Keesey, R., Peiffer, J. D., & Seáñez, I. (2023) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ace552 · Cited by 30
Neurorestorative interventions involving bioelectronic implants after spinal cord injury
Cho, N., Squair, J. W., Bloch, J., & Courtine, G. (2019) · Bioelectronic Medicine · doi:10.1186/s42234-019-0027-x · Cited by 32
“EES is switched on and off, showing that the recovery of overground locomotion only occurs during EES front wheel walker and assistance from therapists (Gill et al. 2018).”
BackgroundInfluentialParhizi, B., Barss, T. S., & Mushahwar, V. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.615103 · Cited by 31
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Epidural Stimulation Combined with Triple Gene Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury Treatment
Islamov, R. R., Bashirov, F. V., Fadeev, F., Shevchenko, R., Izmailov, A., Аршалуйсович, М. В., Sokolov, M. E., Kuznetsov, M., Davleeva, M., Garifulin, R. R., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21238896 · Cited by 29
“Moreover, there are case reports in the application of EES in one patient with paraplegia [34,35].”
BackgroundSelf-citationZhang, H., Liu, Y., Zhou, K., Wei, W., & Liu, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.749465 · Cited by 32
Siddiqui, A. M., Islam, R., Cuellar, C. A., Silvernail, J. L., Knudsen, B. E., Curley, D. E., Strickland, T., Manske, E., Suwan, P. T., Latypov, T. H., et al. (2021) · npj Regenerative Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41536-021-00176-6 · Cited by 33
Self-citationCalvert, J. S., Gill, M. L., Linde, M. B., Veith, D. D., Thoreson, A. R., Lopez, C., Lee, K. H., Gerasimenko, Y., Edgerton, V. R., Lavrov, I. A., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10214898 · Cited by 30
“These publications focused on motor outputs during functional tasks such as voluntary control of lower-extremity muscles, stepping, standing, and sitting [7,13,30,31], as well as intraoperative recordings [4].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationChandrasekaran, S., Bhagat, N. A., Ramdeo, R., Ebrahimi, S., Sharma, P., Griffin, D. G., Stein, A., Harkema, S. J., & Bouton, C. E. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1210328 · Cited by 31
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“Recently, more reports using this method showed positive results in patients with complete chronic SCI by partially restoring their standing and walking abilities [54, 55]”
ResultGill, M. L., Linde, M. B., Hale, R. F., Lopez, C., Fautsch, K. J., Calvert, J. S., Veith, D. D., Beck, L. A., Garlanger, K. L., Sayenko, D. G., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2020.590231 · Cited by 29
“, 2020), as well as in humans by our research team and others, indicates the importance that individualized ES parameters in order to enable intra-limb rhythmic motor activity of the lower extremities, and in turn restore stepping (Harkema et al., 2011b; Minassian et al., 2013; Hofstoetter et al., 2015; Grahn et al.,…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationEngineering spinal cord repair
Squair, J. W., Gautier, M., Sofroniew, M. V., Courtine, G., & Anderson, M. A. (2021) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2021.10.006 · Cited by 28
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“…et al., 2013; Wenger et al., 2014), animal studies (Gerasimenko et al., 2006, 2007; Wenger et al., 2016), and clinical trials (Angeli et al., 2018; Gill et al., 2018; Wagner et al., 2018) shows that applying spatiotemporal burst stimulations can achieve better recovery of motor performance.”
Cervical transcutaneous spinal stimulation for spinal motor mapping
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Self-citationNeural engineering: the process, applications, and its role in the future of medicine
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Motor Control After Human SCI Through Activation of Muscle Synergies Under Spinal Cord Stimulation
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Spinal cord stimulation: beyond pain management
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Militskova, A., Mukhametova, E., Fatykhova, E., Sharifullin, S., Cuellar, C. A., Calvert, J. S., Grahn, P. J., Baltina, T., & Lavrov, I. A. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00552 · Cited by 23
Self-citationAdvances and Challenges in Spinal Cord Injury Treatments
Alvi, M. A., Pedro, K. M., Quddusi, A. I., & Fehlings, M. G. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13144101 · Cited by 25
“After a week of combined therapy, improvements in locomotion have been observed, with lasting improvements in ground walking at the 1-year follow-up [176,177].”
BackgroundIenca, M., Valle, G., & Raspopović, S. (2025) · The Lancet Digital Health · doi:10.1016/s2589-7500(24)00222-x · Cited by 27
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“After several months of spatio-temporally coordinated EES-assisted training, patients that had been paralyzed for several years thus regained the capacity for voluntary control of muscle function even in the absence of EES [20].”
BackgroundInfluentialPavlovian control of intraspinal microstimulation to produce over-ground walking
Dalrymple, A. N., Roszko, D. A., Sutton, R. S., & Mushahwar, V. K. (2020) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ab8e8e · Cited by 23
“…other means such as rehabilitation (Musselman et al. 2009; Lam et al. 2015; Morrison et al. 2018), neural technologies (Kobetic et al., 1997; Hardin et al. 2007; Moritz et al., 2008; Holinski et al. 2016), or a combinatorial approach (Carhart et al. 2004; Angeli et al. 2018; Gill et al. 2018).”
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Self-citationIslamov, R. R., Bashirov, F. V., Izmailov, A., Fadeev, F., Аршалуйсович, М. В., Sokolov, M. E., Шмаров, М. М., Logunov, D. Y., Naroditsky, B. S., & Lavrov, I. A. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11010144 · Cited by 25
“A combination of spinal cord stimulation with intensive rehabilitation has so far demonstrated the optimal restoration potential for SCI patients [4].”
Self-citationCalvert, J. S., Darie, R., Parker, S. R., Shaaya, E. A., Syed, S. H., McLaughlin, B. L., Fridley, J., & Borton, D. A. (2022) · Neuromodulation Technology at the Neural Interface · doi:10.1016/j.neurom.2022.03.007 · Cited by 24
Self-citationTranscutaneous Spinal Stimulation From Adults to Children: A Review
Singh, G., Lucas, K. C. H., Keller, A., Martin, R. A., Behrman, A. L., Vissarionov, S. V., & Gerasimenko, Y. (2022) · Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation · doi:10.46292/sci21-00084 · Cited by 26
Self-citationBoakye, M., Ball, T., Dietz, N. E., Sharma, M., Angeli, C., Rejc, E., Kirshblum, S., Forrest, G. F., Arnold, F. W., & Harkema, S. J. (2023) · Surgical Neurology International · doi:10.25259/sni_1074_2022 · Cited by 25
“[3] Gill and colleagues also describe independent stepping with scES after locomotor rehabilitation in an individual with complete sensorimotor lower extremity function loss.[22] Similarly, scES, in conjunction with rehabilitation techniques, have been proven effective for persons with incomplete SCI.”
BackgroundHwang, D. H., Park, H. H., Shin, H. Y., Cui, Y., & Kim, B. G. (2018) · Experimental Neurobiology · doi:10.5607/en.2018.27.6.489 · Cited by 25
Meeting Proceedings for SCI 2020: Launching a Decade of Disruption in Spinal Cord Injury Research
Morse, L. R., Field-Fote, E. C., Contreras-Vidal, J. L., Noble‐Haeusslein, L. J., Rodreick, M., SCI 2020 Working Group, Shields, R. K., Sofroniew, M. V., Wudlick, R., Zanca, J. M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2020.7174 · Cited by 27
“54,141,142 Brain-controlled neuromodulation therapies increase use-dependent plasticity, but pose signifi-cant technological, practical, and ethical issues given the inherent risks of electrode implantation in the brain.”
The Translesional Spinal Network and Its Reorganization after Spinal Cord Injury
Krůpa, P., Siddiqui, A. M., Grahn, P. J., Islam, R., Chen, B. K., Madigan, N. N., Windebank, A. J., & Lavrov, I. A. (2020) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858420966276 · Cited by 22
Self-citationThe plasticity of nerve fibers: the prolonged effects of polarization of afferent fibers
Jankowska, E., & Hammar, I. (2021) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00718.2020 · Cited by 24
PDMS-CNT composite for soft bioelectronic neuronal implants
Barshutina, M. N., Kirichenko, S. O., Wodolajsky, V. A., Lopachev, A. V., Barshutin, S. N., Gorsky, O. V., Deriabin, K. V., SUFIANOV, A. A., Bulgin, D. V., Islamova, R. M., et al. (2022) · Composites Part B Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.110286 · Cited by 24
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Self-citationMao, G., Zhou, Z., Su, H., Chen, Y., Zhang, J., Zhang, C., Wang, Z., & Lü, X. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2023.3234580 · Cited by 24
“Epidural spinal cord stimulation (ESCS) has been proven to be beneficial to the recovery of motor function in animal experiments and clinical experiments [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9].”
BackgroundDolbow, D. R., Gorgey, A. S., Johnston, T. E., & Bersch, I. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12093150 · Cited by 27
“[12] used task-specific training with implanted SCES to produce bilateral stepping on a treadmill, independent from trainer assistance or body-weight support in an individual with complete T6 paraplegia.”
MethodTang, S., Cuellar, C. A., Song, P., Islam, R., Huang, C., Wen, H., Knudsen, B. E., Gong, P., Lok, U., Chen, S., et al. (2020) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117183 · Cited by 24
Self-citationManagement of Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Where Have We Been? Where Are We Now? Where Are We Going?
Fehlings, M. G., Pedro, K. M., & Hejrati, N. (2022) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2022.0009 · Cited by 24
“Neuromodulation Epidural spinal cord stimulation 55–58 Promotes neuroplasticity and neurite outgrowth, spatiotemporally well-defined stimulations can re-establish adaptive control of paralyzed muscles.”
Kandhari, S., Sharma, D., Samuel, S., Sharma, G., Majumdar, P., Edgerton, V. R., & Gad, P. N. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2022.3158393 · Cited by 24
Self-citationLai, B., Wu, R., Han, W., Bai, Y., Liu, J., Yu, H., Yang, S., Wang, L., Ren, J., Ding, Y., et al. (2023) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122103 · Cited by 23
Functional organization of motor networks in the lumbosacral spinal cord of non-human primates
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Bridging the gap: Spinal cord fusion as a treatment of chronic spinal cord injury
Ren, X., Kim, C., & Canavero, S. (2019) · Surgical Neurology International · doi:10.25259/sni-19-2019 · Cited by 22
Solinsky, R. J., Specker-Sullivan, L., & Wexler, A. (2019) · Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine · doi:10.1080/10790268.2019.1666240 · Cited by 22
Sysoev, Y. I., Bazhenova, E. Y., Lyakhovetskii, V. A., Ковалев, Г. В., Shkorbatova, P. Y., Islamova, R. M., Pavlova, N., Gorskii, O., Merkulyeva, N. S., Shkarupa, D., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2020.00047 · Cited by 22
Malone, I. G., Nosacka, R. L., Nash, M. A., Otto, K. J., & Dale, E. A. (2021) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00625.2020 · Cited by 25
Neurochemical atlas of the cat spinal cord
Veshchitskii, A. A., Shkorbatova, P. Y., & Merkulyeva, N. S. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroanatomy · doi:10.3389/fnana.2022.1034395 · Cited by 22
“Later, these data were incorporated into the neurorehabilitation approaches of spinal function recovery (Gerasimenko et al., 2018; Gill et al., 2018).”
MethodNovel Non-invasive Strategy for Spinal Neuromodulation to Control Human Locomotion
Moshonkina, T. R., Grishin, A. A., Богачева, И. Н., Gorodnichev, R. M., Ovechkin, A. V., Siu, R., Edgerton, V. R., & Gerasimenko, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.622533 · Cited by 22
“Recent breakthrough studies reported that chronically paralyzed individuals regained the over-ground walking with balance assistance through interleaved continous lumbosacral (L1-S1) epidural stimulation and task specific locomotor training (Angeli et al., 2018; Gill et al., 2018).”
BackgroundSelf-citationEpidural spinal cord stimulation for motor recovery in spinal cord injury: A systematic review
McHugh, C., Taylor, C., Mockler, D., & Fleming, N. (2021) · Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.3233/nre-210093 · Cited by 22
“The number of studies has risen steadily over the course of the last decade (Angeli et al., 2014; Calvert et al., 2019; Gill et al., 2018; Wagner et al., 2018).”
InfluentialMartin, R. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences · doi:10.3389/fresc.2021.724003 · Cited by 21
“Though all participants showed improvement in voluntary motor control, not all recovered durable walking function, nor sustained usage of the implant (16, 20, 24).”
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Liao, Y.-H., Chen, M.-X., Chen, S., Luo, K., Wang, B., Ao, L., & Liu, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2022.882127 · Cited by 21
“A clinical study confirmed that epidural electrical stimulation can modulate the spinal network of complete SCI patients and help recovery of the motor function of paraplegic patients (Gill et al., 2018; Ridler, 2018).”
BackgroundHersh, A. M., Weber-Levine, C., Jiang, K., & Theodore, N. (2023) · Neurosurgery Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.nec.2023.10.001 · Cited by 21
Neuromechanical adjustments when walking with an aiding or hindering horizontal force
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Augmenting rehabilitation robotics with spinal cord neuromodulation: A proof of concept
Hankov, N., Caban, M., Demesmaeker, R., Roulet, M., Komi, S., Xiloyannis, M., Gehrig, A., Varescon, C., Spiess, M. R., Maggioni, S., et al. (2025) · Science Robotics · doi:10.1126/scirobotics.adn5564 · Cited by 25
Advances and New Therapies in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
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“Stimulating the dorsal spinal cord activates proprioceptive afferents, influencing motor neurons and interneurons essential for movement [171–175].”
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“In clinical studies, patients with motor complete spinal cord injury (American spinal cord association impairment scale AIS-A and B) in presence of EES were able to control volitional motion and independent walking, indicating discomplete type of injury [12,13].”
BackgroundSelf-citationCharacterization and applications of evoked responses during epidural electrical stimulation
Verma, N., Romanauski, B., Lam, D., Lujan, L., Blanz, S. L., Ludwig, K. A., Lempka, S. F., Shoffstall, A. J., Knudson, B., Nishiyama, Y., et al. (2023) · Bioelectronic Medicine · doi:10.1186/s42234-023-00106-5 · Cited by 20
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Tao, G., Yang, S., Xu, J., Wang, L., & Yang, B. (2024) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2024.1361235 · Cited by 20
“The primary cited article in this cluster is Gill et al. (16), where spinal sensory-motor networks that are functionally disconnected from the brain as a result of spinal cord injury can be facilitated by epidural electrical stimulation to encourage the return of robust, coordinated motor activity in paralyzed patient…”
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Electrical Stimulation for Nervous System Injury: Research Progress and Prospects
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Brain-Computer Interface, Neuromodulation, and Neurorehabilitation Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury
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Huang, C., Wang, Z., Cheng, J., Zhu, Z., Guan, N. N., & Song, J. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111535 · Cited by 20
Metadata
- Authors
- Gill, M. L., Grahn, P. J., Calvert, J. S., Linde, M. B., Lavrov, I. A., Strommen, J. A., Beck, L. A., Sayenko, D. G., Van Straaten, M. G., Drubach, D. I., Veith, D. D., Thoreson, A. R., Lopez, C., Gerasimenko, Y. P., Edgerton, V. R., Lee, K. H., & Zhao, K. D.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Houston Methodist (US)
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RU)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Kendall H.
- Zhao, Kristin D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Medicine
- Published
- 2018-09-24
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1677-1682
- ISSN
- 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-170X
- OpenAlex
- W2892074957
- Cited by
- 574
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 51 · 2025: 63 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 81 · 2022: 87 · 2021: 94 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 16
- FWCI
- 44.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2018-10-23)
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Nature
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics
- Keywords
- spinal cord injury, complete paraplegia, epidural stimulation, multimodal rehabilitation, task-oriented training, body weight support, standing, paraplegia
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Electric Stimulation, Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation, Electromyography, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Nerve Net, Paralysis, Paraplegia, Spinal Cord Injuries, Muscle, Skeletal
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