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Cited by 606

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 70 of the 70 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

CAR T cells with dual targeting of CD19 and CD22 in adult patients with recurrent or refractory B cell malignancies: a phase 1 trial

Open access
Spiegel, Jay Y., Patel, Shabnum, Muffly, Lori, Hossain, Nasheed M., Oak, Jean, Baird, John H., Frank, Matthew J., Shiraz, Parveen, Sahaf, Bita, Craig, Juliana, Iglesias, Maria, Younes, Sheren, Natkunam, Yasodha, Ozawa, Michael G., Yang, Eric, Tamaresis, John, Chinnasamy, Harshini, Ehlinger, Zach, Reynolds, Warren, Lynn, Rachel, Rotiroti, Maria Caterina, Gkitsas, Nikolaos, Arai, Sally, Johnston, Laura, Lowsky, Robert, Majzner, Robbie G., Meyer, Everett, Negrin, Robert S., Rezvani, Andrew R., Sidana, Surbhi, Shizuru, Judith, Weng, Wen-Kai, Mullins, Chelsea, Jacob, Allison, Kirsch, Ilan, Bazzano, Magali, Zhou, Jing, Mackay, Sean, Bornheimer, Scott J., Schultz, Liora, Ramakrishna, Sneha, Davis, Kara L., Kong, Katherine A., Shah, Nirali N., Qin, Haiying, Fry, Terry, Feldman, Steven, Mackall, Crystal L., Miklos, David B.·2021·Nature Medicine

Abstract

Despite impressive progress, more than 50% of patients treated with CD19-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR19) experience progressive disease. Ten of 16 patients with large B cell lymphoma (LBCL) with progressive disease after CAR19 treatment had absent or low CD19. Lower surface CD19 density pretreatment was associated with progressive disease. To prevent relapse with CD19− or CD19 lo disease, we tested a bispecific CAR targeting CD19 and/or CD22 (CD19-22.BB.z-CAR) in a phase I clinical trial (NCT03233854) of adults with relapsed/refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and LBCL. The primary end points were manufacturing feasibility and safety with a secondary efficacy end point. Primary end points were met; 97% of products met protocol-specified dose and no dose-limiting toxicities occurred during dose escalation. In B-ALL (n = 17), 100% of patients responded with 88% minimal residual disease-negative complete remission (CR); in LBCL (n = 21), 62% of patients responded with 29% CR. Relapses were CD19−/lo in 50% (5 out of 10) of patients with B-ALL and 29% (4 out of 14) of patients with LBCL but were not associated with CD22−/lo disease. CD19/22-CAR products demonstrated reduced cytokine production when stimulated with CD22 versus CD19. Our results further implicate antigen loss as a major cause of CAR T cell resistance, highlight the challenge of engineering multi-specific CAR T cells with equivalent potency across targets and identify cytokine production as an important quality indicator for CAR T cell potency.

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Metadata

Authors
Spiegel, J. Y., Patel, S., Muffly, L., Hossain, N. M., Oak, J., Baird, J. H., Frank, M. J., Shiraz, P., Sahaf, B., Craig, J., Iglesias, M., Younes, S., Natkunam, Y., Ozawa, M. G., Yang, E., Tamaresis, J., Chinnasamy, H., Ehlinger, Z., Reynolds, W., Lynn, R., Rotiroti, M. C., Gkitsas, N., Arai, S., Johnston, L., Lowsky, R., Majzner, R. G., Meyer, E., Negrin, R. S., Rezvani, A. R., Sidana, S., Shizuru, J., Weng, W.-K., Mullins, C., Jacob, A., Kirsch, I., Bazzano, M., Zhou, J., Mackay, S., Bornheimer, S. J., Schultz, L., Ramakrishna, S., Davis, K. L., Kong, K. A., Shah, N. N., Qin, H., Fry, T., Feldman, S., Mackall, C. L., & Miklos, D. B.
Venue
Nature Medicine
Published
2021-07-26
Volume
27
Issue
8
Pages
1419-1431
ISSN
  • 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
  • 1546-170X
OpenAlex
W3183792933
Cited by
606
References
70
FWCI
31.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: CAR T cells with dual targeting of CD19 and CD22 in adult patients with recurrent or refractory B cell malignancies: a phase 1 trial. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/s41591-021-01436-0
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Spiegel, J. Y., Patel, S., Muffly, L., Hossain, N. M., Oak, J., Baird, J. H., Frank, M. J., Shiraz, P., Sahaf, B., Craig, J., Iglesias, M., Younes, S., Natkunam, Y., Ozawa, M. G., Yang, E., Tamaresis, J., Chinnasamy, H., Ehlinger, Z., Reynolds, W., . . . Miklos, D. B. (2021). CAR T cells with dual targeting of CD19 and CD22 in adult patients with recurrent or refractory B cell malignancies: a phase 1 trial. Nature Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01436-0

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.