The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Revisiting the neurovascular unit
Open accessAbstract
The brain is supplied by an elaborate vascular network that originates extracranially and reaches deep into the brain. The concept of the neurovascular unit provides a useful framework to investigate how neuronal signals regulate nearby microvessels to support the metabolic needs of the brain, but it does not consider the role of larger cerebral arteries and systemic vasoactive signals. Furthermore, the recently emerged molecular heterogeneity of cerebrovascular cells indicates that there is no prototypical neurovascular unit replicated at all levels of the vascular network. Here, we examine the cellular and molecular diversity of the cerebrovascular tree and the relative contribution of systemic and brain-intrinsic factors to neurovascular function. Evidence supports the concept of a ‘neurovascular complex’ composed of segmentally diverse functional modules that implement coordinated vascular responses to central and peripheral signals to maintain homeostasis of the brain. This concept has major implications for neurovascular regulation in health and disease and for brain imaging. Schaeffer and Iadecola review the anatomical, molecular and functional heterogeneity of the neurovasculature and highlight the coordinated interaction of factors intrinsic and extrinsic to the brain in its dynamic regulation and role in disease.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Glial and neuronal control of brain blood flow
Attwell, D., Buchan, A. M., Charpak, S., Lauritzen, M., MacVicar, B. A., & Newman, E. A. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09613 · Cited by 2,511
Neurovascular regulation in the normal brain and in Alzheimer's disease
Iadecola, C. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1387 · Cited by 2,213
Self-citationA molecular atlas of cell types and zonation in the brain vasculature
Vanlandewijck, M., He, L., Mäe, M. A., Andrae, J., Ando, K., Del Gaudio, F., Nahar, K., Lebouvier, T., Laviña, B., Gouveia, L., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature25739 · Cited by 1,892
Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease
Hall, C. N., Reynell, C., Gesslein, B., Hamilton, N. B., Mishra, A., Sutherland, B. A., O’Farrell, F. M., Buchan, A. M., Lauritzen, M., & Attwell, D. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13165 · Cited by 1,870
Molecular diversity and specializations among the cells of the adult mouse brain
Saunders, A., Macosko, E. Z., Wysoker, A., Goldman, M., Krienen, F. M., de Rivera, H., Bien, E., Baum, M., Bortolin, L., Wang, S., et al. (2018) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.028 · Cited by 1,531
Iturria-Medina, Y., Sotero, R. C., Toussaint, P. J., Mateos-Pérez, J. M., Evans, A. C., Initiative, T. A. D. N., Weiner, M. W., Aisen, P., Petersen, R., Jack, C. R., et al. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms11934 · Cited by 1,202
Coupled electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and cerebrospinal fluid oscillations in human sleep
Fultz, N. E., Bonmassar, G., Setsompop, K., Stickgold, R. A., Rosen, B. R., Polimeni, J. R., & Lewis, L. D. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aax5440 · Cited by 1,197
Perivascular spaces in the brain: anatomy, physiology and pathology
Wardlaw, J. M., Benveniste, H., Nedergaard, M., Zlokovic, B. V., Mestre, H., Lee, H., Doubal, F. N., Brown, R., Ramirez, J., MacIntosh, B. J., et al. (2020) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-020-0312-z · Cited by 870
Identification of region-specific astrocyte subtypes at single cell resolution
Batiuk, M. Y., Martirosyan, A., Wahis, J., de Vin, F., Marneffe, C., Kusserow, C., Koeppen, J., Viana, J. F., Oliveira, J. F., Voet, T., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-14198-8 · Cited by 805
Amyloid β oligomers constrict human capillaries in Alzheimer's disease via signaling to pericytes
Nortley, R., Korte, N., Izquierdo, P., Hirunpattarasilp, C., Mishra, A., Jaunmuktane, Z., Kyrargyri, V., Pfeiffer, T., Khennouf, L., Madry, C., et al. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aav9518 · Cited by 682
Cited by
What is a cell type and how to define it?
Zeng, H. (2022) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.031 · Cited by 439
Systemic inflammation after stroke: implications for post‐stroke comorbidities
Simats, A., & Liesz, A. (2022) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.15252/emmm.202216269 · Cited by 276
Obesity-induced inflammation: connecting the periphery to the brain
Le Thuc, O., & García-Cáceres, C. (2024) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-024-01079-8 · Cited by 125
Uekawa, K., Hattori, Y., Ahn, S. J., Seo, J., Casey, N., Anfray, A., Zhou, P., Luo, W., Anrather, J., Park, L., et al. (2023) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-023-00660-1 · Cited by 80
“…neural activity to increase cerebral blood flow (CBF) (functional hyperemia), a fundamental homeostatic response of the cerebral microcirculation [15], occurs early in patients with CAA [16–18], whereas Aβ-induced suppression of functional hyperemia and dysfunction of the endothelial regulation…”
Self-citationEmerging Roles of Endothelial Nitric Oxide in Preservation of Cognitive Health
Katusic, Z. S., d’Uscio, L. V., & He, T. (2023) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.122.041444 · Cited by 73
Metadata
- Authors
- Schaeffer, S., & Iadecola, C.
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2021-08-05
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1198-1209
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- OpenAlex
- W3192989088
- Cited by
- 649
- References
- 31
- FWCI
- 29.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Revisiting the neurovascular unit. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/s41593-021-00904-7
- The paper
- Schaeffer, S., & Iadecola, C. (2021). Revisiting the neurovascular unit. Nature Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-021-00904-7
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
