Preparation and Characterization of Optimized Hydrochar from Paper Board Mill Sludge
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Abstract The amount of Paper Board Mill Effluent Treatment Plant Sludge (PBM-ETPS) dumped from paper mills are huge and its conversion into hydrochar for the purpose of energy has broad prospects. This study investigated the optimum conditions for the production of PBM-ETPS derived hydrochar (PBM-ETPSH) through Reponse Surface Methodology (RSM) for more surface area and pore volume with minimal hydrogen to carbon (H/C) and oxygen to carbon (O/C) ratios. The PBM-ETPSH had higher heating value (HHV) of 18.39 MJ kg−1 with fixed carbon percentage of 15.6. Our results showed a reduction in H/C (35.05%) and O/C (43.7%) ratios confirming the coalification of optimized PBM-ETPSH. Thermogravimetric investigations of blending PBM-ETPSH with coal in 1:1 ratio increased its HHV to 22.25 MJ kg−1 making it suitable as an energy alternative for paper mills.
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Oumabady et al. (2020) prepared hydrochar from effluent treatment plant sludge from a paper mill under optimized HTC; HTC char exhibited 15.6% fixed carbon and 18.4 MJ/Kg heating value; reduced O/C (43.7%) and H/C (35.05%) ratios confirmed coalification of sludge; blends of sludge-derived HTC coal and conventional coal (1:1) revealed HHV of 22.3 MJ/Kg, making it suitable candidate for heat energy
“Hydrochar was prepared from the effluent treatment plant sludge from a paper mill under optimized HTC process conditions by Oumabady et al. (2020) [110].HTC char exhibited 15.6% of fixed carbon and 18.4 MJ/Kg heating value; further, reduced O/C (43.7%) and H/C (35.05%) ratios confirmed the coalification of the sludge.Blends of the sludge-derived HTC coal and conventional coal (1:1) revealed an HHV”
From Hydrochar: A Review on Its Production Technologies and Applications (2021) · cites this paper as [110]
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Hydrochar: A Review on Its Production Technologies and Applications
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- Authors
- Oumabady, S., S., P. S., Kamaludeen, S. P. B., Ramasamy, M., Kalaiselvi, P., & Parameswari, E.
- Affiliations
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (IN)
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2020-01-21
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 773-773
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6972856
- OpenAlex
- W3002381251
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 3.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Defence Research and Development Organisation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Coal Combustion and Slurry Processing
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
- Keywords
- hydrochar, coalification, H/C ratio, O/C ratio, higher heating value, coal blending, waste-to-energy, surface area and pore volume
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