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Cited by 50Heavy Metal Pollution RemediationHeavy metals in environmentChromium effects and bioremediation

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Phytoremediation of electroplating wastewater by vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanoides L.)

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Nugroho, Andhika Puspito, Butar, Erni Saurmalinda Butar, Priantoro, Ekaputra Agung, Sriwuryandari, Lies, Pratiwi, Zulfa Berliana, Sembiring, Tarzan·2021·Scientific Reports
DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-93923-0PMC PMC8280137
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Abstract

The electroplating industry generates wastewater containing a variety of heavy metals which potentially contaminate water ecosystems. The available and well-known electroplating wastewater treatments are considered as an expensive and less effective method, therefore phytoremediation was used as an alternative friendly solution. This study aims to evaluate the uptake and elimination rate of heavy metals by vetiver ( Chrysopogon zizanoides L.) on metal-polluted water. Vetiver was planted in artificial electroplating wastewater containing different levels (low, medium, high) of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni). Water, roots, and shoots were collected periodically to determine Cr and Ni contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). Metal accumulation and elimination rate, Bioconcentration Factor (BCF), Biological Absorption Coefficient (BAC), and Translocation Factor (TF) were calculated to evaluate plant’s effectiveness in metal remediation processes. The results showed that vetiver ( C. zizanoides L. ) was able to remove 61.10% Cr and 95.65% Ni on metal-contaminated water. The highest uptake rates for Cr and Ni are 127.21 mg/kg/day and 15.60 mg/kg/day respectively, while the elimination rates for Cr and Ni tend to slow 1.09 mg/kg/day and 12.24 mg/kg/day respectively. Vetiver BCF, BAC, and TF values on Cr and Ni contaminated water were greater than 1, which indicates that vetiver work through phytoextraction and phytostabilization to treat metals. The findings showed that vetiver has promise as a phytoremediation agent thus providing implication for electroplating wastewater treatment.

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Figure 1 Cr and Ni content in shoots of vetiver (C. zizanoides L.): (a) uptake condition, (b) elimination condition.
Figure 1 Cr and Ni content in shoots of vetiver (C. zizanoides L.): (a) uptake condition, (b) elimination condition.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Sampling vetiver site.
Figure 2 Sampling vetiver site.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Metadata

Authors
Nugroho, A. P., Butar, E. S. B., Priantoro, E. A., Sriwuryandari, L., Pratiwi, Z. B., & Sembiring, T.
Affiliations
  • Universitas Gadjah Mada (ID)
  • Indonesian Institute of Sciences (ID)
Corresponding author
Butar, Erni Saurmalinda Butar
ORCID
Venue
Scientific Reports
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2021-07-14
Volume
11
Issue
1
Pages
14482-14482
ISSN
2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1038/s41598-021-93923-0
PMC
PMC8280137
OpenAlex
W3183043819
Cited by
50
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3
FWCI
2.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Heavy Metal Pollution Remediation
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Chromium effects and bioremediation
Keywords
phytoremediation, Vetiveria zizanioides, electroplating wastewater, heavy metal removal, chromium, nickel, phytoextraction, phytostabilization, bioconcentration factor, translocation factor, bioaccumulation factor, metal uptake

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