A pan-cancer analysis of the role of hexokinase II (HK2) in human tumors
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Abstract More and more evidence show that HK2 is closely related to tumors. But no pan-cancer analysis is available. This paper aimed to explore the potential roles of HK2 across thirty-three tumors based on the datasets of the cancer genome Atlas (TCGA) and gene expression omnibus. HK2 is highly expressed in most tumors and related to the progression of some tumors. HK2 expression was associated with the infiltration of T follicular helper cells for the TCGA tumors of uveal melanoma, breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), breast invasive carcinoma-luminalA (BRCA-LumA), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with HPV positive (HNSC-HPV + ), and cancer-associated fibroblasts for the tumors of brain lower grade glioma and stomach adenocarcinoma. Our first pan-cancer study offers a relatively comprehensive understanding of the roles of HK2 in different tumors.
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High expression of genes coding for these enzymes and their transcriptional regulators is strongly associated with shortened patient survival in different types of malignancies.
“The high expression of genes coding for all of these enzymes and their transcriptional regulators is strongly associated with a shortened patient survival in different types of malignancies [66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74].”
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The up-regulation of glycolysis and one-carbon metabolism, and increased expression of corresponding enzymes, are usually observed in various neoplasms and are associated with metastasis, resistance to therapy, and poor prognosis.
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From 20-Hydroxyecdysone Confers Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Properties in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells (2023) · cites this paper as [73]
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- Authors
- Li, R., Mei, S., Ding, Q., Wang, Q., Yu, L., & Zi, F.
- Affiliations
- Nanchang University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zi, Fuming
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2022-11-05
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 18807-18807
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9637150
- OpenAlex
- W4308264409
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9
- FWCI
- 3.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Foundation of Jiangxi Educational Commission (GJJ200253, GJJ150276)
- Science and technology Plan of Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2021A360)
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20192BAB205034)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
- Keywords
- hexokinase 2, HK2, pan-cancer analysis, tumor progression, gene expression, T follicular helper cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, uveal melanoma, invasive breast cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, glycolysis
- MeSH terms
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Hexokinase, Humans, Papillomavirus Infections, Cell Line, Tumor
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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