The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Association between physical activity and academic achievement in adolescents mediated by self-concept and physical and mental health
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Physical activity may influence academic performance indirectly through attention, inhibitory control, self-concept, and physical and mental health.
“Evidence from selected studies suggested that PA may influence AP indirectly through attention, inhibitory control, self-concept, and physical and mental health.”
From Physical activity and academic performance in adolescents: a systematic review of intensity, frequency, and mediating factors (2026) · cites this paper as Pan et al., 2025
The Results (Mediation effect analysis; page not provided) identify physical and mental health as a mediator and a sequential pathway through self-concept and health. The Discussion links these benefits to improved attention, but the paper does not establish attention as a mediator or address inhibitory control. Thus, it supports some, but not all, of the proposed indirect pathways. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSelf-concept and physical and mental health contribute to indirect effects of physical activity on academic performance.
“indirect effects via self-concept and physical/mental health accounted for 14.86% and 8.86% of the total effect, respectively”
From Physical activity and academic performance in adolescents: a systematic review of intensity, frequency, and mediating factors (2026) · cites this paper as Pan et al., 2025
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Physical Activity for Cognitive and Mental Health in Youth: A Systematic Review of Mechanisms
Lubans, D., Richards, J., Hillman, C., Faulkner, G., Beauchamp, M., Nilsson, M., Kelly, P., Smith, J., Raine, L., & Biddle, S. (2016) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2016-1642 · Cited by 1,548
Liu, M., Wu, L., & Ming, Q. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0134804 · Cited by 374
The Role of Exercise in Management of Mental Health Disorders: An Integrative Review
Smith, P. J., & Merwin, R. M. (2021) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev-med-060619-022943 · Cited by 360
Dapp, L. C., & Roebers, C. M. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16152658 · Cited by 23
Wang, T., & Guo, C. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19084678 · Cited by 13
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 45
- Dias, P., Veríssimo, L., Carneiro, A. & Figueiredo, B. Academic achievement and emotional and behavioural problems: The moderating role of gender. Clin. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 27, 1184–1196. https://doi.org/10.1177/13591045211059410 (2022). · DOI
- Shao, Y. H., Kang, S. M., Lu, Q., Zhang, C. & Li, R. X. How peer relationships affect academic achievement among junior high school students: The chain mediating roles of learning motivation and learning engagement. BMC Psychol. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01780-z (2024). · DOI
- López-Sánchez, M. et al. Academic performance and social networks of adolescents in a Caribbean city in Colombia. BMC Psychol. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01299-9 (2023). · DOI
- Zhang, X. H., Zhang, D. Q., Yang, X. Y. & Chen, S. T. Cross-sectional association between frequency of vigorous physical activity and academic achievement in 214,808 adolescents. Front. Sports Active Living https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2024.1366451 (2024). · DOI
- Muwanguzi, M. et al. Exploring adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among Ugandan university students: its associations with academic performance, depression, and suicidal ideations. BMC Psychol. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01044-2 (2023). · DOI
- Batista, M. et al. Exercise influence on self-concept, self-esteem and academic performance in middle-school children. Revista Romaneasca Pentru Educatie Multidimensionala 14, 369–398. https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/14.4Sup1/678 (2022). · DOI
- Muluneh, B. N. & Bejji, T. D. Differences in behavior problems and academic achievement between students with and without health impairments in Ethiopia. Cogent Psychol. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2024.2309745 (2024). · DOI
- Shavelson, R. J., Hubner, J. J. & Stanton, G. C. Self-concept: Validation of construct interpretations. Rev. Educ. Res. 46, 407–441 (1976). · DOI · Paper page
- Marsh, H. W. & Martin, A. J. Academic self-concept and academic achievement: Relations and causal ordering. Br. J. Educ. Psychol. 81, 59–77 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
- Dempsey, C., Devine, R., Fink, E. & Hughes, C. Developmental links between well-being, self-concept and prosocial behaviour in early primary school. Br. J. Educ. Psychol. 94, 425–440 (2024). · DOI
- Babic, M. J. et al. Physical activity and physical self-concept in youth: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 44, 1589–1601 (2014). · DOI
- Crichton, M., Bigelow, H. & Fenesi, B. Physical activity and mental health in children and youth: Clinician perspectives and practices. Child Youth Care Forum 53, 981–1001. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-023-09782-5 (2024). · DOI
- Brown, D. M. Y. et al. Interactive associations between physical activity and sleep duration in relation to adolescent academic achievement. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315604 (2022). · DOI
- Frikha, M. Extracurricular physical activities and academic achievement in Saudi female physical education students: the mediating effect of motivation, enjoyment, and BMI. Front Psychol. 16, 1420286. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1420286 (2025). · DOI
- Nagy, G. et al. The development of students’ mathematics self-concept in relation to gender: Different countries, different trajectories?. J. Res. Adolesc. 20, 482–506. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00644.x (2010). · DOI
- Fernández-Bustos, J. G., Infantes-Paniagua, A., Cuevas, R. & Contreras, O. R. Effect of physical activity on self-concept: Theoretical model on the mediation of body image and physical self-concept in adolescents. Front. Psychol. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01537 (2019). · DOI
- Feng, X. L., Wang, J. L. & Rost, D. H. Subject-specific interests and subject-specific self-concepts. Zeitschrift Fur Padagogische Psychologie 37, 322–335. https://doi.org/10.1024/1010-0652/a000344 (2023). · DOI
- González-Valero, G. et al. Analysis of self-concept in adolescents before and during COVID-19 lockdown: Differences by gender and sports activity. Sustainability https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187792 (2020). · DOI
- Palenzuela-Luis, N., Duarte-Clíments, G., Gómez-Salgado, J., Rodríguez-Gómez, J. A. & Sánchez-Gómez, M. B. International comparison of self-concept, self-perception and lifestyle in adolescents: A systematic review. Int. J. Public Health https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604954 (2022). · DOI
- Ferrari, G. et al. Association of physical activity, muscular strength, and obesity indicators with self-concept in Chilean children. Nutr. Hosp. 39, 1004–1011. https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.04061 (2022). · DOI
- Galán-Arroyo, C., Mayordomo-Pinilla, N., Olivares, P. R. & Rojo-Ramos, J. Physical fitness and self-concept in students of different ages in Extremadura (Spain). Sportis-Sci. Tech. J. School Sport Phys. Educ. Psychomotricity 10, 377–400. https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2024.10.2.10548 (2024). · DOI
- Hays, R. D., Spritzer, K. L., Schalet, B. D. & Cella, D. PROMIS®-29 v2.0 profile physical and mental health summary scores. Qual. Life Res. 27, 1885–1891. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-018-1842-3 (2018). · DOI · Paper page
- Sabo, A., Kuan, G. & Kueh, Y. C. Structural relationship of the social-ecological factors and psychological factors on physical activity. BMC Psychol. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01825-3 (2024). · DOI
- Liu, G. Q., Li, W. J. & Li, X. T. Striking a balance: how long physical activity is ideal for academic success? Based on cognitive and physical fitness mediation analysis. Front. Psychol. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1226007 (2023). · DOI
- Zhang, J. L., Zheng, S. & Hu, Z. Z. The effect of physical exercise on depression in college students: The chain mediating role of self-concept and social support. Front. Psychol. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.841160 (2022). · DOI
- Ferro, M. A., Dol, M., Patte, K. A., Leatherdale, S. T. & Shanahan, L. Self-concept in adolescents with physical-mental comorbidity. J. Multimorbidity Comorbidity https://doi.org/10.1177/26335565231211475 (2023). · DOI
- Galán-Arroyo, C., Da Silva, M. A. B. & Rojo-Ramos, J. Self-concept in physical education for post-pandemic school health improvement. Revista Electronica Interuniversitaria De Formacion Del Profesorado 27, 123–137. https://doi.org/10.6018/reifop.581361 (2024). · DOI
- Harrigan, M., Mulrennan, S., Jessup, M., Waters, P. & Bennett, K. Who am I? Self-concept in adults with cystic fibrosis: Association with anxiety and depression. J. Clin. Psychol. Med. Settings https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-024-10023-7 (2024). · DOI
- Delgado-Floody, P., Soto-García, D., Caamaño-Navarrete, F., Carter-Thuillier, B. & Guzmán-Guzmán, I. P. Negative physical self-concept is associated to low cardiorespiratory fitness, negative lifestyle and poor mental health in Chilean schoolchildren. Nutrients https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14132771 (2022). · DOI
- Halat, D. H. et al. Exploring the effects of health behaviors and mental health on students’ academic achievement: a cross-sectional study on lebanese university students. BMC Public Health https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16184-8 (2023). · DOI
- Liang, D. Stress level and its relation with physical activity in higher education. Chin. Ment. Health J 8, 5–6 (1994).
- Li, C. Q., Hu, Y. B. & Ren, K. Physical activity and academic procrastination among Chinese university students: A parallel mediation model of self-control and self-efficacy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 19, 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106017 (2022). · DOI
- Schluchter, T., Nagel, S., Valkanover, S. & Eckhart, M. Correlations between motor competencies, physical activity and self-concept in children with intellectual disabilities in inclusive education. J. Appl. Res. Intellect. Disabil. 36, 1054–1066. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.13115 (2023). · DOI
- Wang, H., Yang, Y., You, Q. Q., Wang, Y. W. & Wang, R. Y. Impacts of physical exercise and media use on the physical and mental health of people with obesity: Based on the CGSS 2017 survey. Healthcare. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091740 (2022). · DOI
- Shi, G. H. et al. 24-hour movement behaviours and self- rated health in Chinese adolescents: a questionnaire-based survey in Eastern China. PeerJ 11, 16. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16174 (2023). · DOI
- Livermore, M., Duncan, M. J., Leatherdale, S. T. & Patte, K. A. Are weight status and weight perception associated with academic performance among youth?. J. Eat. Disord. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-020-00329-w (2020). · DOI
- Liu, F., Li, H., Sun, H., Wang, P. & Qin, M. Adolescents’ academic achievement and meaning in life: the role of self-concept clarity. Front. Psychol. 16, 1596061 (2025). · DOI
- Scott, J. J., Morgan, P. J., Plotnikoff, R. C. & Lubans, D. R. Reliability and validity of a single-item physical activity measure for adolescents. J. Paediatr. Child Health 51, 787–793. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.12836 (2015). · DOI
- Zhang, M. et al. The association between physical activity and subjective well-being among adolescents in southwest China by parental absence: a moderated mediation model. BMC Psychiatry https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04982-8 (2023). · DOI
- Mori, T. et al. Neighborhood-level socioeconomic factors moderate the association between physical activity and relative age effect: a cross-sectional survey study with Japanese adolescents. BMC Public Health https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14052-5 (2022). · DOI
- Zhang, F. et al. Psychological symptoms are associated with screen and exercise time: a cross-sectional study of Chinese adolescents. BMC Public Health https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09819-7 (2020). · DOI
- Tannoubi, A. et al. Modelling the associations between academic engagement, study process and grit on academic achievement of physical education and sport university students. BMC Psychol. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01454-2 (2023). · DOI
- Gut, V., Schmid, J., Imbach, L. & Conzelmann, A. Stability of context in sport and exercise across educational transitions in adolescence: hello work, goodbye sport club?. BMC Public Health https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12471-4 (2022). · DOI
- Mateo-Orcajada, A., Abenza-Cano, L., Molina-Morote, J. M. & Vaquero-Cristóbal, R. The influence of physical activity, adherence to Mediterranean diet, and weight status on the psychological well-being of adolescents. BMC Psychol. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01906-3 (2024). · DOI
- Xiang, H. Y. et al. Association between healthy lifestyle factors and health-related quality of life among Chinese adolescents: the moderating role of gender. Health Qual. Life Outcomes https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-023-02201-2 (2023). · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Jee, H. (2026) · Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation · doi:10.12965/jer.2550854.427
Metadata
- Authors
- Pan, W., Zhang, H., & Xu, L.
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2025-09-29
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 2045-2322
- PMC
- PMC12480576
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 5
- Language
- en
- Licence
- Funders
- The Basic Research Support Program for Outstanding Young Teachers of Provincial Undergraduate Universities in Heilongjiang Province (YQJH2023110)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review