The Retinex Theory of Color Vision
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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
An image can be decomposed into the reflectance map and illumination map based on the Retinex theory.
“An image can be decomposed into the reflectance map and illumination map based on the Retinex theory [145].”
From Empowering things with intelligence: a survey of the progress, challenges, and opportunities in artificial intelligence of things (2021) · cites this paper as [145]
Cites
Land, E. H., & McCann, J. J. (1971) · Journal of the Optical Society of America · doi:10.1364/josa.61.000001 · Cited by 4,135 · see citing works
Self-citationInteraction of the Long-Wave Cones and the Rods to Produce Color Sensations
McCann, J. J., & Benton, J. L. (1969) · Journal of the Optical Society of America · doi:10.1364/josa.59.000103 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
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LIME: Low-Light Image Enhancement via Illumination Map Estimation
Guo, X., Li, Y., & Ling, H. (2017) · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/tip.2016.2639450 · Cited by 2,998 · see citing works
Color balance and fusion for underwater image enhancement
Ancuti, C. O., Ancuti, C., De Vleeschouwer, C., & Bekaert, P. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/tip.2017.2759252 · Cited by 1,357 · see citing works
Structure-Revealing Low-Light Image Enhancement Via Robust Retinex Model
Li, M., Liu, J., Yang, W., Sun, X., & Guo, Z. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/tip.2018.2810539 · Cited by 1,245 · see citing works
Zhang, J., & Tao, D. (2021) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3039359 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
Sharma, G., & Trussell, H. J. (1997) · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/83.597268 · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Seeing, Doing, and Knowing: A Philosophical Theory of Sense Perception
Matthen, M. (2005) · doi:10.1093/0199268509.001.0001 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
FAMED-Net: A Fast and Accurate Multi-Scale End-to-End Dehazing Network
Zhang, J., & Tao, D. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/tip.2019.2922837 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Wang, T., Zhang, K., Zhang, Y., Luo, W., Stenger, B., Lu, T., Kim, T.-K., & Liu, W. (2025) · Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2025.111628 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Seeing Dynamic Scene in the Dark: A High-Quality Video Dataset with Mechatronic Alignment
Wang, R., Xu, X., Fu, C.-W., Lu, J., Yu, B., & Jia, J. (2021) · 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv48922.2021.00956 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Dancing in the Dark: A Benchmark towards General Low-light Video Enhancement
Fu, H., Zheng, W., Wang, X., Wang, J., Zhang, H., & Ma, H. (2023) · 2023 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv51070.2023.01183 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
- Authors
- Land, E. H.
- Corresponding author
- Land, Edwin H.
- Venue
- Scientific American
- Published
- 1977-12
- Volume
- 237
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 108-128
- ISSN
- 0036-8733 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2076205488
- Cited by
- 2,981
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 230 · 2025: 310 · 2024: 281 · 2023: 267 · 2022: 262 · 2021: 201 · 2020: 163 · 2019: 86 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 67 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 70 · 2013: 59 · 2012: 56
- FWCI
- 6.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Scientific American (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Color Science and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Color perception and design
- Keywords
- Retinex, color vision, color perception, retina, cortical processing, reflectivity, color photography, color film
- MeSH terms
- Color Perception, Humans, Lighting, Photoreceptor Cells, Retinal Pigments
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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