Increased α-linolenic acid intake lowers C-reactive protein, but has no effect on markers of atherosclerosis
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of increased alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)-intake on intima-media thickness (IMT), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) antibodies, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukins 6 and 10.Design Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.Subjects Moderately hypercholesterolaemic men and women (55 +/- 10 y) with two other cardiovascular risk factors (n = 103).Intervention Participants were assigned to a margarine enriched with ALA (fatty acid composition 46% LA, 15% ALA) or linoleic acid (LA) (58% LA, 0.3% ALA) for 2 y.Results Dietary ALA intake was 2.3 en% among ALA users, and 0.4 en% among LA users. The 2-y progression rate of the mean carotid IMT (ALA and LA: +0.05 mm) and femoral IMT (ALA:+0.05 mm; LA:+0.04 mm) was similar, when adjusted for confounding variables. After 1 and 2 y, ALA users had a lower CRP level than LA users (net differences -0.53 and -0.56 mg/l, respectively, P < 0.05). No significant effects were observed in oxidized LDL antibodies, and levels of sICAM-1, interleukins 6 and 10.Conclusions A six-fold increased ALA intake lowers CRP, when compared to a control diet high in LA. The present study found no effects on markers for atherosclerosis.Sponsorship The Dutch 'Praeventiefonds'.
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Increased abdominal fat mass is associated with chronic elevation of circulating inflammatory mediators including CRP, cytokines, adhesion molecules and pro-thrombotic molecules.
“The increase in abdominal fat mass is associated with a chronic elevation of the circulating concentrations of inflammatory mediators including several acute-phase inflammatory proteins such as CRP (46,47) , proand anti-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and pro-thrombotic molecules (22,47 -49) .”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [49]
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References 34 · Cited by 123
- Authors
- Bemelmans, W. J. E., Lefrandt, J. D., Feskens, E. J. M., Haelst, P. L. V., Broer, J., Meyboom-de Jong, B., May, J. F., Tervaert, J. W. C., & Smit, A. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Groningen (NL)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (NL)
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Bemelmans, W J E
- Venue
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Published
- 2004-06-28
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1083-1089
- ISSN
- 0954-3007 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5640
- OpenAlex
- W2065473151
- Cited by
- 123
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 8.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Rivm Repository (Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Keywords
- alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, margarine, dietary fatty acids, C-reactive protein, intima-media thickness, atherosclerosis, oxidized LDL antibodies, soluble ICAM-1, interleukin-6, IL-10, hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular risk factors, inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Arteriosclerosis, C-Reactive Protein, Dietary Fats, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia, Male, Margarine, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-10, alpha-Linolenic Acid, Linoleic Acid
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