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Adipose tissue, insulin action and vascular disease: inflammatory signals
Abstract
Insulin resistance, both in nondiabetic and diabetic subjects, is frequently associated with obesity, particularly an excess of central fat. Many of the features that have been ascribed to the metabolic or insulin-resistance syndrome are also more commonly found in obese subjects. These phenotypes include diabetic dyslipidaemia, elevation of levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, microalbuminuria and endothelial dysfunction. More recently, features of acute-phase activation and low-grade inflammation, including elevated levels of fibrinogen, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, have been associated with (central) obesity. Adipose tissue generation of cytokines has been shown in vitro and in vivo, and a number of novel cytokine-like molecules, collectively termed adipocytokines, have been identified as adipocyte products. While several of these, such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha, may act predominantly in autocrine or paracrine fashion, others are released into the systemic circulation, acting as signalling molecules to remote tissues, including liver, skeletal muscle and endothelium. A clearer understanding of adipose tissue signalling, and its contribution to the state of low-grade inflammation of obesity, will require physiological, as well as cellular and molecular, studies.
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“past and emerging evidence indicates that chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with poor Fe status in obese persons (716 -721) .”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [717]
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Alberti, K. G. M. M., Zimmet, P., & Shaw, J. (2006) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01858.x · Cited by 6,597
Adipose tissue, adipokines, and inflammation
Fantuzzi, G. (2005) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2005.02.023 · Cited by 2,606
Adipokines: inflammation and the pleiotropic role of white adipose tissue
Trayhurn, P., & Wood, I. S. (2004) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn20041213 · Cited by 2,210
“…WAT is secreting factors that stimulate the production of inflammatory markers from the liver and other organs; this may well be the case with CRP, where it is argued that hepatic production is stimulated by increased IL-6 from the expanded fat mass of the obese (Yudkin et al. 2000; Yudkin, 2003).”
BackgroundDietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity
Calder, P. C., Ahluwalia, N., Brouns, F., Buetler, T., Clement, K., Cunningham, K., Esposito, K., Jönsson, L. S., Kolb, H., Lansink, M., et al. (2011) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114511005460 · Cited by 1,098
Hypoxia and Adipose Tissue Function and Dysfunction in Obesity
Trayhurn, P. (2013) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00017.2012 · Cited by 932
Metadata
- Authors
- Yudkin, J. S.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Yudkin, J S
- ORCID
- Yudkin, J S
- Venue
- International Journal of Obesity
- Published
- 2003-11-14
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- S3
- Pages
- S25-S28
- ISSN
- 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5497
- OpenAlex
- W2087706636
- Cited by
- 311
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 15.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- adipose tissue, insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, low-grade inflammation, adipokines, cytokines, TNF-α, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, endothelial dysfunction, microalbuminuria, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, diabetic dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, vascular disease
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Animals, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, Vascular Diseases, Signal Transduction
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