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Protection of mammalian telomeres
Abstract
Telomeres allow cells to distinguish natural chromosome ends from damaged DNA. When telomere function is disrupted, a potentially lethal DNA damage response can ensue, DNA repair activities threaten the integrity of chromosome ends, and extensive genome instability can arise. It is not clear exactly how the structure of telomere ends differs from sites of DNA damage and how telomeres protect chromosome ends from DNA repair activities. What are the defining structural features of telomeres and through which mechanisms do they ensure chromosome end protection? What is the molecular basis of the telomeric cap and how does it act to sequester the chromosome end? Here I discuss data gathered in the last few years, suggesting that the protection of human chromosome ends primarily depends on the telomeric protein TRF2 and that telomere capping involves the formation of a higher order structure, the telomeric loop or t-loop.
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“In mammalian cells, the ends of the chromosomes consist of a terminal 3′ single-stranded tail, the G strand overhang, which is buried into adjacent double-stranded repetitive telomeric DNA, forming a protective “t loop” higher-order structure (de Lange, 2002”
From DNA Repair, Genome Stability, and Aging (2005) · cites this paper as de Lange, 2002
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Metadata
- Authors
- de Lange, T.
- Venue
- Oncogene
- Published
- 2002-01-21
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 532-540
- ISSN
- 0950-9232 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5594
- OpenAlex
- W1541877559
- Cited by
- 942
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 12.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Oncogene (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Keywords
- telomeres, telomere capping, chromosome end protection, TRF2, T-loop, DNA damage response, DNA repair, genomic instability, telomere structure, telomere length
- MeSH terms
- Ku Autoantigen, Animals, Chromosome Aberrations, DNA Helicases, DNA-Binding Proteins, Humans, Models, Genetic, Nuclear Proteins, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Recombination, Genetic, Yeasts, Telomere, Cellular Senescence, Apoptosis, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Antigens, Nuclear, Telomeric Repeat Binding Protein 2, DNA-Activated Protein Kinase
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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