Prevention and management of bicalutamide-induced gynecomastia and breast pain: randomized endocrinologic and clinical studies with tamoxifen and anastrozole
Abstract
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial involving 107 men receiving bicalutamide ('Casodex') 150 mg/day therapy following radical therapy for prostate cancer assessed tamoxifen ('Nolvadex') 20 mg/day and anastrozole ('Arimidex') 1 mg/day for the prophylaxis and treatment of gynecomastia/breast pain. Tamoxifen, but not anastrozole, significantly reduced the incidence of gynecomastia/breast pain when used prophylactically and therapeutically. Serum testosterone levels increased with tamoxifen relative to placebo but prostate-specific antigen levels declined in all treatment groups. Further studies are needed to define the optimum tamoxifen dose and to assess any impact on cancer control. The use of tamoxifen in this setting remains to be investigated.
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In later studies the combination of bicalutamide and anastrozole was used.
“In an earlier study a combination of spironolactone and testolactone proved effective [56], whereas in later studies the combination of bicalutamide and anastrozole was used [57-59].”
From Aromatase inhibitors in men: effects and therapeutic options (2011) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- Saltzstein, D., Sieber, P., Morris, T., & Gallo, J.
- Affiliations
- Urology San Antonio (US)
- AstraZeneca (United Kingdom) (GB)
- AstraZeneca (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Saltzstein, D
- Venue
- Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases
- Published
- 2005-02-01
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 75-83
- ISSN
- 1365-7852 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5608
- OpenAlex
- W2019370150
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 9.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Male Breast Health Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Keywords
- bicalutamide, gynecomastia, breast pain, tamoxifen, anastrozole, aromatase inhibitors, prostate cancer, androgen deprivation therapy, testosterone, prostate-specific antigen
- MeSH terms
- Anastrozole, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anilides, Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Diseases, Double-Blind Method, Gynecomastia, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nitriles, Pain, Placebos, Prostatic Neoplasms, Tamoxifen, Testosterone, Tosyl Compounds, Triazoles, Treatment Outcome, Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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