SOXE transcription factors form selective dimers on non-compact DNA motifs through multifaceted interactions between dimerization and high-mobility group domains
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The SOXE transcription factors SOX8, SOX9 and SOX10 are master regulators of mammalian development directing sex determination, gliogenesis, pancreas specification and neural crest development. We identified a set of palindromic SOX binding sites specifically enriched in regulatory regions of melanoma cells. SOXE proteins homodimerize on these sequences with high cooperativity. In contrast to other transcription factor dimers, which are typically rigidly spaced, SOXE group proteins can bind cooperatively at a wide range of dimer spacings. Using truncated forms of SOXE proteins, we show that a single dimerization (DIM) domain, that precedes the DNA binding high mobility group (HMG) domain, is sufficient for dimer formation, suggesting that DIM : HMG rather than DIM:DIM interactions mediate the dimerization. All SOXE members can also heterodimerize in this fashion, whereas SOXE heterodimers with SOX2, SOX4, SOX6 and SOX18 are not supported. We propose a structural model where SOXE-specific intramolecular DIM:HMG interactions are allosterically communicated to the HMG of juxtaposed molecules. Collectively, SOXE factors evolved a unique mode to combinatorially regulate their target genes that relies on a multifaceted interplay between the HMG and DIM domains. This property potentially extends further the diversity of target genes and cell-specific functions that are regulated by SOXE proteins.
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The identified SOX motifs are similar to previously identified motifs for SOX9.
“which are similar to previously identified motifs for SOX9 (5,17,53,62).”
From SOX9 reprograms endothelial cells by altering the chromatin landscape (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
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- Authors
- Huang, Y.-H., Jankowski, A., Cheah, K. S. E., Prabhakar, S., & Jauch, R.
- Affiliations
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (CN)
- University of Warsaw (PL)
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Genome Institute of Singapore (SG)
- Corresponding author
- Jauch, Ralf
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2015-05-27
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 10398-10398
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4445065
- OpenAlex
- W2436865009
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 3.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471238)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Keywords
- Sox8, SOX9, SOX10, transcription factor dimerization, high mobility group domain, dimerization domain, heterodimerization, allosteric communication, melanoma, transcriptional regulation, combinatorial gene regulation
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Binding Sites, Circular Dichroism, DNA, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Protein Binding, Recombinant Proteins, Mutagenesis, Sequence Alignment, Dimerization, Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay, HMG-Box Domains, Cell Line, Tumor, SOXE Transcription Factors, SOX9 Transcription Factor, Nucleotide Motifs
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