Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 898

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

High-efficient Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Based on Improved Hummers Method

Open access
Yu, Huitao, Zhang, Bangwen, Bulin, Chaoke, Li, Ruihong, Xing, Ruiguang·2016·Scientific Reports
DOI 10.1038/srep36143
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

As an important precursor and derivate of graphene, graphene oxide (GO) has received wide attention in recent years. However, the synthesis of GO in an economical and efficient way remains a great challenge. Here we reported an improved NaNO 3-free Hummers method by partly replacing KMnO 4 with K 2 FeO 4 and controlling the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid. As compared to the existing NaNO 3-free Hummers methods, this improved routine greatly reduces the reactant consumption while keeps a high yield. The obtained GO was characterized by various techniques, and its derived graphene aerogel was demonstrated as high-performance supercapacitor electrodes. This improved synthesis shows good prospects for scalable production and applications of GO and its derivatives.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/srep36143

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 2 references

Research works printed but not linked: 36

  1. Choi, W. & Lee, J. Graphene: Synthesis and Applications. (Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, 2012).
  2. Eigler, S. & Hirsch, A. Chemistry with Graphene and Graphene Oxide – Challenges for Synthetic Chemists. Angew Chem Int Ed. 53, 2–21 (2014). · DOI · Paper page
  3. Spitalsky, Z., Danko, M. & Mosnacek, J. Preparation of functionalized graphene sheets. Curr Org Chem. 15, 1133–1150 (2011). · doi:10.2174/138527211795202988
  4. Obatal, S. et al. Graphene Oxide: A Fertile Nanosheet for Various Applications. J Phys Soc Japan. 84, 121012 (2015). · DOI
  5. Wang, L., Xing, R., Zhang, B. & Hou, Y. Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Functionalized Graphene/Polyaniline Composite Electrode Materials. Acta Phys Chim Sin. 30, 1659–1666 (2014). · doi:10.3866/pku.whxb201406162
  6. Xing, R., Li, Y. & Yu, H. Preparation of fluoro-functionalized graphene oxide via the Hunsdiecker reaction. Chem Commun. 52, 390–393 (2016). · doi:10.1039/c5cc08252h
  7. Dimiev, A. M. & Tour, J. M. Mechanism of Graphene Oxide Formation. ACS Nano. 8, 3060–3068 (2014). · DOI · Paper page
  8. Shamaila, S., Sajjad, A. K. L. & Anum I. Modifications in development of graphene oxide synthetic routes. Chem Eng J. 294, 458–477 (2016). · DOI
  9. Ambrosi, A. & Pumera, M. Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphene and Graphene Oxide for Energy Storage and Electrochemistry Applications. Chem Eur J. 22, 153–159 (2016). · DOI · Paper page
  10. Wazir, A. H. & Kundi, I. W. Synthesis of Graphene Nano Sheets by the Rapid Reduction of Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphene Oxide Induced by Microwaves. J Chem Soc Pak. 38, 11–16 (2016).
  11. Brodie, B. C. On the Atomic Weight of Graphite. Philos Trans R Soc London 14, 249–259 (1859).
  12. Staudenmaier, L. Verfahren zur Darstellung der Graphitsäure. Ber Dtsch Chem Ges. 31, 1481–1487 (1898). · DOI · Paper page
  13. Hummers, W. S. & Offeman, R. E. Preparation of Graphitic Oxide. J Am Chem Soc. 80, 1339 (1958). · DOI · Paper page
  14. Pan, S. & Aksay, I. A. Factors Controlling the Size of Graphene Oxide Sheets Produced via the Graphite Oxide Route. ACS Nano 5, 4073–4083 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
  15. Allaedini,G., Mahmoudi, E., Aminayi,P., Tasirin, S. M. & Mohammad, A. W. Optical investigation of reduced graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide/CNTs grown via simple CVD method, Synthetic Metals. 220, 72–77 (2016). · doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2016.05.013
  16. Chen, J., Yao, B., Li, C. & Shi, G. An improved Hummers method for eco-friendly synthesis of graphene oxide. Carbon. 64, 225–229 (2013). · DOI · Paper page
  17. Chen, J., Li, Y., Huang, L., Li, C. & Shi, G. High-yield preparation of graphene oxide from small graphite flakes via an improved Hummers method with a simple purification process. Carbon. 81, 826–834 (2015). · DOI · Paper page
  18. Kovtyukhova, N. et al. Layer-by-layer assembly of ultrathin composite films from micron-sized graphite oxide sheets and polycations. Chem.Mater. 11, 771–778 (1999). · DOI · Paper page
  19. Sun, J. et al. Fully Converting Graphite into Graphene Oxide Hydrogels by Preoxidation with Impure Manganese Dioxide. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 7, 21356–21363 (2015). · doi:10.1021/acsami.5b06008
  20. Marcano, D. C. et al. Improved synthesis of graphene oxide. ACS Nano. 4, 4806–4814 (2010). · DOI · Paper page
  21. Liou, Y., Tsai, B. & Huang, W. An economic route to mass production of graphene oxide solution for preparing graphene oxide papers. Mater Sci and Eng B. 193, 37–40 (2015). · doi:10.1016/j.mseb.2014.11.007
  22. Hua, Y., Song, S. & Lopez-Valdivieso, A. Effects of oxidation on the defect of reduced graphene oxides in graphene preparation. J Colloid and Interf Sci. 450, 68–73 (2015). · doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2015.02.059
  23. Peng, L. et al. An iron-based green approach to 1-h production of single-layer graphene oxide. Nature Comm. 6, 5716 (2015). · DOI · Paper page
  24. Yu, C., Wang, C. & Chen, S. Facile Access to Graphene Oxide from Ferro-Induced Oxidation. Sci Rep. 6, 17071 (2016). · DOI
  25. Sun, L. & Fugetsu, B. Mass production of graphene oxide from expanded graphite. Mater Lett. 109, 207–210 (2013). · DOI · Paper page
  26. Shao, G. et al. Graphene oxide: the mechanisms of oxidation and exfoliation. J Mater Sci. 47, 4400–4409 (2012). · DOI · Paper page
  27. Ye, Z. et al. A Novel Micro-Nano Structure Profile Control Agent: Graphene Oxide Dispersion. Nanomater 2014, 582089 (2014). · doi:10.1155/2014/582089
  28. Thomas, D. & Assoc, P. Feasibility of Wastewater Treatment with Ferrate. Environ Eng Div. 105, 1023–1034 (1979). · DOI
  29. Sorokina, N. E., Khaskov, M. A., Avdeev, V. V. & Nikol’skaya, I. V. Reaction of Graphite with Sulfuric Acid in the Presence of KMnO4 . Russ J Gen Chem. 75, 162–168 (2005). · doi:10.1007/s11176-005-0191-4
  30. Wu, Z. et al. Three-Dimensional Nitrogen and Boron Co-doped Graphene for High-Performance All-Solid-State Supercapacitors. Adv Mater. 24, 5130–5135 (2012). · DOI · Paper page
  31. Xu, Y. et al. Flexible Solid-State Supercapacitors Based on Three-Dimensional Graphene Hydrogel Films. ACS Nano. 7, 4042–4049 (2013). · DOI · Paper page
  32. Delaude, L. & Laszlo, P. A novel oxidizing reagent based on potassium ferrate (VI). Organ Chem. 61, 6360–6370 (1996). · DOI · Paper page
  33. Krishnamoorthy, K., Veerapandian, M., Yun, K. & Kim, S. J. The chemical and strutural analysis of graphene oxide with different degrees of oxidation. Carbon. 53, 38–49 (2013). · DOI · Paper page
  34. Ayán-Varela, M. et al. A quantitative analysis of the dispersion behavior of reduced graphene oxide in solvents. Carbon. 75, 390–400 (2014). · DOI
  35. Liu, Z. et al. Controlling and formation mechanism of oxygen-containing groups on graphite oxide. Indus & Eng Chem Res. 53, 253–258 (2014). · doi:10.1021/ie403088t
  36. Huang, Q., Sun, H. & Yang, Y. Spectroscopy characterization and analysis of graphite oxide. Chin J inorganic chem. 27, 1721–1726 (in Chinese) (2011).

Cited by

See all 898

Metadata

Authors
Yu, H., Zhang, B., Bulin, C., Li, R., & Xing, R.
Venue
Scientific Reports
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2016-11-03
Volume
6
Issue
1
Pages
36143-36143
ISSN
2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1038/srep36143
OpenAlex
W2548201546
Cited by
898
References
2
FWCI
21.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold
Licence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: High-efficient Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Based on Improved Hummers Method. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/srep36143
The paper
Yu, H., Zhang, B., Bulin, C., Li, R., & Xing, R. (2016). High-efficient Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Based on Improved Hummers Method. Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep36143

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.