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Development and application of suitable criteria for the evaluation of chemical representations in school textbooks
Abstract
The study of Chemistry deals essentially with three types of chemical representations: macro, submicro, and symbolic. Research has consistently shown that students experience difficulties in understanding and interpreting the representations, in making translations between different types of representations, and in constructing them. In this study, we conducted a detailed review of existing presuppositions that define what Chemical Representations are to be included in school textbooks for the purpose of enhancing the student’s understanding of Chemistry. We then conducted a detailed analysis of the Chemical Representations included in five Chemistry textbooks. The detailed analysis revealed five criteria for the evaluation of chemical representation used in school textbooks. These criteria (C1-C5) are: (C1) the type of the representation; (C2) the interpretation of the surface features; (C3) their relationship to the text; (C4) the existence and the properties of a caption; (C5) the degree of correlation between the components comprising a multiple representation. The utility of the proposed criteria was then checked against a 10th-grade Greek chemistry textbook. The five criteria cover the basic elements required for a better utilization of chemical representations in the understanding of Chemistry. The five criteria can also be used for the analysis of existing school textbooks and as an authoring tool in designing new Chemistry textbooks.
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In the citing paper
“Gkitzia et al. (2011) found that more than half of the representations are generally related to the corresponding concepts.”
From An analysis of the visual representation of redox reactions and related content in Brazilian secondary school chemistry textbooks (2020) · cites this paper as Gkitzia et al., 2011
In the citing paper
“The first three categories above were based on the criteria for the evaluation of chemical representations given by Gkitzia et al. (2011).”
From An analysis of the visual representation of redox reactions and related content in Brazilian secondary school chemistry textbooks (2020) · cites this paper as Gkitzia et al., 2011
In the citing paper
“It has been noted that the mere presence of images in textbooks does not guarantee that it will facilitate the understanding of contents (Gkitzia et al., 2011), coherence between the text and the images is necessary.”
From An analysis of the visual representation of redox reactions and related content in Brazilian secondary school chemistry textbooks (2020) · cites this paper as Gkitzia et al., 2011
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gkitzia, V., Salta, K., & Tzougraki, C.
- ORCID
- Tzougraki, Chryssa
- Venue
- Chem. Educ. Res. Pract.
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2011
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 5-14
- ISSN
- 1109-4028 (ISSN-L)
- 1756-1108
- OpenAlex
- W2171173842
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 15.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemistry Education Research and Practice (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Science Education and Pedagogy
- Social Sciences › Education › Chemistry Education and Research
- Social Sciences › Education › Various Chemistry Research Topics
- Keywords
- chemical representation, evaluation criteria, multiple representations, representation translation, textbook analysis, textbook authoring, chemistry education
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