Efficient direct seawater electrolysers using selective alkaline NiFe-LDH as OER catalyst in asymmetric electrolyte feeds

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Direct Electrolytic Splitting of Seawater: Opportunities and Challenges

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PREPARATION OF ARTIFICIAL SEAWATER1

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NiFe‐Based (Oxy)hydroxide Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Non‐Acidic Electrolytes

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Solar-driven, highly sustained splitting of seawater into hydrogen and oxygen fuels

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Design Criteria, Operating Conditions, and Nickel–Iron Hydroxide Catalyst Materials for Selective Seawater Electrolysis

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Highly efficient hydrogen evolution from seawater by a low-cost and stable CoMoP@ C electrocatalyst superior to Pt/C

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A sea-change: manganese doped nickel/nickel oxide electrocatalysts for hydrogen generation from seawater

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Direct Electrolytic Splitting of Seawater: Activity, Selectivity, Degradation, and Recovery Studied from the Molecular Catalyst Structure to the Electrolyzer Cell Level

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MOF-Derived CoSe2@NiFeOOH Arrays for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction

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Iron Integration in Nickel Hydroxide Matrix vs Surface for Oxygen-Evolution Reaction: Where the Nernst Equation Does Not Work

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Harnessing seawater electrolysis for clean hydrogen Energy: A critical review on current progress and future prospects

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Electrocatalytic hydrogen generation from seawater: advances, opportunities, challenges and future roadmap

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Prevention of Cathodic Precipitation in Seawater Electrolysis: From Mechanistic Insights to Advanced Mitigation Strategies

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Scalable room-temperature synthesis of NiFe oxyhydroxide tailored with S atoms for enhanced oxygen evolution in alkaline seawater and domestic sewage

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Novel approach to enhancing layered double hydroxide catalyst performance and stability through substrate structure control

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Bacteriophage-like Nanobiocatalysts with Spiky Topography and Dual-Atom Sites for Treating Drug-Resistant Bacteria

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NiFeMo layered triple hydroxide and MXene heterostructure for boosted oxygen evolution reaction in anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

Pal, S., Chaturvedi, E., Das, C., Sinha, N., Ahmed, T., & Roy, P. (2025) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/d5nr00419e · Cited by 10

A direct seawater electrolysis (DSWEL) for hydrogen production: A review of system design components and advancements

Aminuddin, M. F., Ullah, R., Masdar, M. S., Yunus, R. M., Majlan, E. H., Baharuddin, N. A., Daud, N. M. R. N. M., & Husaini, T. (2025) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.415 · Cited by 10

Synergistic design of ZIF-67/Sn-doped NiFe-LDH for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction

Ahmed, R., Allah, A. E., Farghali, A. A., Rouby, W. M. A. E., & Abdelwahab, A. (2025) · Nanoscale Advances · doi:10.1039/d5na00113g · Cited by 10

Terephthalic acid modified cl−- repellent NiFeOOH for electrolysis of seawater under high-temperature

Zhai, X., Lv, Q., Li, X., Zhang, C., Qi, Y., Wen, X., Ouyang, D., Chai, Y., & Dong, B. (2025) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2025.138630 · Cited by 10

Monopolar membrane-assisted acid-alkaline amphoteric water electrolysis towards efficient hydrogen generation

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Construction of a urea-assisted electrolytic energy-saving hydrogen production system using catalysts prepared by molybdate

Tang, K., Zhang, S., Yang, M., Lu, H., Wang, G., Tang, A., & Tang, A. (2024) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.07.252 · Cited by 9

An electrocatalytic iodine oxidations-based configuration for hydrogen and I2/I3− co-productions driven by the Zn-air/iodine battery

Chen, C. Q., Zhu, L., Mahmood, J., Xue, Z., Xu, Y., Li, Q., Chang, Z., Tian, H., Kong, F., Huang, H., et al. (2024) · Energy storage materials · doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2024.103817 · Cited by 9

Energy‐Efficient Hydrogen Generation via Peroxide‐Mediated Electrocatalytic Pathways

Kottaichamy, A. R., Marichelvam, T., Tzadikov, J., Vaza, R. C., Volokh, M., Barzilai, S., & Shalom, M. (2025) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202502735 · Cited by 9

Alkaline Stable and Mechanically Robust Interpenetrating Polymer Network Type Anion Exchange Membrane for High‐Performance Alkaline Electrolyzer

Mishra, S., Mishra, S., Sainda, R., Jha, P. K., & Kulshrestha, V. (2025) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202504320 · Cited by 9

Recent Advances in Bipolar Membrane Engineering for Direct Seawater Electrolysis: Improved Efficiency and Stability for Hydrogen Generation

Mishra, S., Rathod, N. H., Agarwal, G., & Kulshrestha, V. (2025) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202507739 · Cited by 10

Towards chlorine-tolerant seawater electrolysis: anode electrocatalysts, electrolyte, and system design strategies

Song, J., Zhang, X., Pu, G., Cheng, Z., Qiu, C., & Wang, J. (2025) · Science China Materials · doi:10.1007/s40843-025-3865-1 · Cited by 9

Critical progress in direct seawater electrolysis for sustainable hydrogen production

Wang, P., Gao, Q., & Gao, M.-R. (2026) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/d5cc06592e · Cited by 9

In Situ Microenvironment Engineering Enables Synergistic Suppression of Protons and Chloride for Durable Seawater Oxidation

Cai, Z., Sun, Y., Yue, M., Zhao, D., Zhou, K., He, L., Li, J., Yuan, S., Fan, G., Yu, Q., et al. (2026) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.6c01477 · Cited by 9

Pluronic-123 Assisted Synthesis of Cobalt Vanadate Microparticles (µ-CoV MPs) for Durable Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Seawater and Connate Water

Khan, I. (2023) · Catalysts · doi:10.3390/catal13030636 · Cited by 9

Interfaces Engineering of Ultrafine Ni@Ni2P/C Core–Shell Heterostructure for High Yield Hydrogen Peroxide Electrosynthesis

He, Y., Wei, Y., Huang, R., Xia, T. D., Wang, J., Yu, Z., Wang, Z., & Yu, R. (2024) · Small Methods · doi:10.1002/smtd.202301560 · Cited by 9

Ammonia Can Be Currently Considered One of the Best Green Energy Allies

González, R., & Gómez, X. (2024) · Sustainable Chemistry · doi:10.3390/suschem5020012 · Cited by 9

Unique amorphous/crystalline heterophase coupling for an efficient oxygen evolution reaction

Bai, S., Mou, Y., Wan, J., Wang, Y., Li, W., Zhang, H., Ping, L., & Wang, Y. (2022) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/d2nr05167b · Cited by 9

Synthesis of Acid–Base Bifunctional Catalysts by In Situ Growth of Co-LDH Nanosheets on HY Zeolite To Enhance Co(OH)x Utilization for Microalgal Lipid Conversion

Mao, Y., Cheng, J., Guo, H. C., Qian, L., Yang, W., & Park, J. (2023) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c00376 · Cited by 9

Boosted urea electrooxidation activity by dynamic steady blending CoOOH–Ni(OH) 2 nanoclusters for H 2 production in a pH-asymmetric electrolyzer

Peng, S.-M., Chang, S., Chang, C., Priyadarshini, H. N., Chang, C., Wu, K., Huang, Y.-H., Chen, Y., Kuo, T., Pao, C., et al. (2024) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/d4ta04241g · Cited by 8

Oxygen Evolution Enhancement of Nickel (Hydr)Oxide via Iron Coordination Compound in Alkaline Conditions

Najafpour, M. M. (2025) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c05397 · Cited by 8

Urchin-like Medium-Entropy Oxyhydroxide FeCoNiOOH Nanoparticles Supported on Nickel Foam for Seawater Oxidation

Song, R., Ma, Y., Shi, M., Li, Z., Liu, W., Ma, W., Zuo, C., Zhang, H., Nan, Z., & Sun, Y. (2025) · ACS Applied Nano Materials · doi:10.1021/acsanm.5c01527 · Cited by 8

Cell preservation strategies in direct seawater electrolysis based on cost-effective anion exchange membrane technology

Zignani, S. C., Salanitro, A., Pascale, M., Fazio, M., & Aricò, A. S. (2025) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146406 · Cited by 8

Design of anti-corrosion and anti-poisoning electrocatalysts in high salinity: From mechanism to application

Liu, C., Xu, Y., Xia, Y., Kong, D., Wang, S., Chi, J., Cao, Q., Lai, J., Liu, X., & Wang, L. (2025) · Nano Research · doi:10.26599/nr.2025.94907860 · Cited by 8

Interfacial Electrostatic Engineering for Chlorine Ions Blocking Toward Long‐Lasting Alkaline Seawater Oxidation

Guan, Y., Lu, H., Zhao, L., Zhu, S., Cui, Z., Li, Z., Xu, W., Gao, Z., Ba, T., Liang, Y., et al. (2025) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202509149 · Cited by 9

Electron optimization synergized with surface hydrophilicity of the CeO2/CoFe LDH heterostructure for enhanced saline water electrolysis

Wei, X., Guo, Y.-C., Zou, X., & Ai, T. (2025) · Journal of Alloys and Compounds · doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185535 · Cited by 8

Hetero‐Atomic Pairs with a Distal Fe 3+ ‐Site Boost Water Oxidation

Zhu, Y., Chen, G., Chu, Y., Hsu, C., Wang, J., Tung, C., & Chen, H. M. (2022) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.202211142 · Cited by 8

Interfacial Electron Regulation and Composition Evolution of NiFe/MoC Heteronanowire Arrays for Highly Stable Alkaline Seawater Oxidation

Fan, X., Zhu, C., He, Y., Yan, F., Chou, S., Liu, M., Zhang, X., & Chen, Y. (2023) · ChemSusChem · doi:10.1002/cssc.202300984 · Cited by 8

Complete Suppression of Dispersed Inorganic Precipitates in Reverse Electrodialysis via Seawater Acidification

Han, J. (2022) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00721 · Cited by 8

RuO2-NiO Nanosheets on Conductive Nickel Foam for Reliable and Regeneratable Seawater Splitting

Dang, Y., Wang, J., He, J., Feng, C., Tobin, Z. M., Achola, L. A., Zhao, W. J., Wen, L., & Suib, S. L. (2022) · ACS Applied Nano Materials · doi:10.1021/acsanm.2c02988 · Cited by 8

Electrochemical and hydraulic analysis of thin-film composite and cellulose triacetate membranes for seawater electrolysis applications

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A Hierarchical NiFe-LDH@CoP Array for High-Efficiency Alkaline Seawater Oxidation

Nan, J., Liao, H., & Ye, B. (2024) · Journal of Electronic Materials · doi:10.1007/s11664-024-11019-7 · Cited by 7

A novel Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3− δ and CeO 2 hybrid electrocatalyst for both the oxygen evolution and methanol oxidation reactions

Liu, F., Wu, F., Guo, R., Dang, J., Qiu, H., Zhang, Q., Yang, C., Miao, H., & Yuan, J. (2024) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d4gc02215g · Cited by 7

A Zero‐Gap Electrolyzer Enables Supporting Electrolyte‐Free Seawater Splitting for Energy‐Saving Hydrogen Production

Ren, Y., Fan, F., Zhang, S., Liu, Z., Zhang, Y., Fu, S., Li, J., Chen, L., Wang, Z., Zhao, J., et al. (2025) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.202422840 · Cited by 7

Silver Induced In-Phase Electronic Interaction and Chloride Ion Repelling for Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution in Seawater Electrolysis

Chen, H., Cheng, R., Jiang, M. H., Shao, X., Zhang, X., Han, Y., Fu, J., Dong, Y., Dong, A., & Fu, C. (2025) · ACS Applied Energy Materials · doi:10.1021/acsaem.4c02942 · Cited by 7

Enhancing Mass Transport Efficiency in High‐Current Density PEMECs by Constructing Ti‐Fiber Oriented Porous Transport Layers

Zhu, Z., Liu, X., Gao, R., Yang, R., Ma, M., Zhao, H., & Li, Y. (2025) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202411817 · Cited by 7

Investigation of MOx (M = Cr, Mn, Re, and Mo) coated stainless-steel electrodes for oxygen evolution reaction in natural seawater electrolysis

Lyu, X., Yang, X., & Serov, A. (2025) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2025.117867 · Cited by 7

Current challenges and strategies for advancing seawater electrolyzer designs

Kumar, S., Yu, A., & Yang, Y. (2025) · Trends in Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trechm.2025.06.009 · Cited by 7

A bifunctional electrocatalyst engineered via polyanionic synergy and heterointerface modulation for robust seawater electrolysis

Zheng, F., Fang, Z., Gaikwad, M. A., Jang, S., Cho, S., Park, J., & Kim, J. H. (2025) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/d5ta05443e · Cited by 8

Recent advancements in direct seawater electrolysis

Ran, S., Zhao, C., Yan, X., Shi, J., Jing, D., & Liu, M. (2025) · The Innovation Energy · doi:10.59717/j.xinn-energy.2025.100110 · Cited by 7

Carbon-coated Co3O4 coupled with NiAl-layered double hydroxide as a cathode electrocatalyst for solid-state flexible zinc air battery application

Bhanuse, G. B., Kumar, S., & Fu, Y.-P. (2025) · Journal of Power Sources · doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239048 · Cited by 7

Advances in catalyst design and system optimization for seawater electrolysis

Guo, L., Wu, S., Xiao, Z., Chi, J., Liu, X., & Wang, L. (2026) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2026.217707 · Cited by 8

Preparation of a Robust and Highly Active Nonmagnetic Impregnated Cobalt/Carbon-Based Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Production from the Electrolysis of Seawater

Tran, T. K., Trinh, C. K., Trinh, H. V., Hạnh, T. T., Safdar, R., Tran, G. H., Leu, H., & Kim, N. (2023) · ACS Applied Energy Materials · doi:10.1021/acsaem.3c01395 · Cited by 7

In situ suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride/3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (MPTMS)-intercalated Mg-Al-hydroxide layered double hydroxide: I. Grain properties

Darvishi, R., Bijhanmanesh, M. J., & Payam, G. (2021) · Polymers and Polymer Composites · doi:10.1177/09673911211023940 · Cited by 7

Optimal Resource Allocation for Carbon Mitigation

Cerasoli, S., & Porporato, A. M. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su151310291 · Cited by 7

A high-efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution and methanol oxidation reactions prepared by a facile and scale-up method

Liu, F., Dang, J., Zhao, C., Yuan, B., Qiu, H., Wang, Q., Zhang, C., Xiao, L., Miao, H., & Yuan, J. (2024) · Journal of Alloys and Compounds · doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.173745 · Cited by 7

Highly active FeNbO4/NiFeOOH heterojunction induced by coordination activation for efficient and stable industrial water oxidation

Ma, Y., Wang, J.-J., Su, P.-J., Gao, Z.-Y., Li, X. J., Wang, Y., Zhao, L.-M., Chai, Y.-M., & Dong, B. (2025) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2025.02.081 · Cited by 6

Controlling Chloride Crossover in Bipolar Membrane Water Electrolysis

Rochow, M. F., Marin, D. H., Cassady, H. J., Hannagan, R. T., Yan, K., Perryman, J. T., Nielander, A. C., Jaramillo, T. F., & Hickner, M. A. (2025) · ACS electrochemistry. · doi:10.1021/acselectrochem.5c00175 · Cited by 6

High Efficiency Layered Double Hydroxide‐Based Electrocatalysts: Rational Interface Regulation via Defect Engineering

Xiang, Y., Yin, S., Su, Y., Chang, Y., Guo, D., Wu, L., Chen, X., & Wang, S. (2025) · ChemSusChem · doi:10.1002/cssc.202501163 · Cited by 7

Selective Anion‐Gating Interlayer Enables Chloride‐Resistant and Long‐Life Alkaline Seawater Electrolysis

Huang, W., Liu, S., Li, J., Wang, G., Lu, R., Zhao, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Qu, L., Zhou, L., et al. (2026) · Interdisciplinary materials · doi:10.1002/idm2.70031 · Cited by 6

Recent Strategies Toward Durable and Ion‐Tolerant Transition Metal‐Based Electrocatalysts in Seawater Electrolysis

Li, L., Zhang, W., Yu, X., Han, N., Chen, Z., & Zhao, H. (2026) · Carbon Energy · doi:10.1002/cey2.70158 · Cited by 7

Membrane-regulated seawater electrolysis for sustainable hydrogen production

Liu, Z., Yuan, J., Shan, S., Li, G., Gu, S., Chen, C., Yu, W., Zhou, M., Raza, S., Liu, Y., et al. (2026) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2026.126210 · Cited by 6

Efficient and Stable Dual-Active-Site of Core-Shell NiFe-Layered Double Hydroxide Anchored on FeMnON-N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts for Zn-Air Batteries

Akbarian, P., & Kheirmand, M. (2024) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ad258f · Cited by 6

Nickel–Cobalt Bimetal Hierarchical Hollow Nanosheets for Efficient Oxygen Evolution in Seawater

An, R., Li, G., & Liu, Z. (2024) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma17102298 · Cited by 6

In‐situ Electrochemical Activation Enhances the OER Catalytic Performance of Ag NWs@ZIF‐67 in Alkaline Simulated Seawater

Wang, M., Lian, X., Wu, M., Zheng, F., & Niu, H. (2022) · ChemistrySelect · doi:10.1002/slct.202201305 · Cited by 6

The world’s first offshore wind power non-desalination of seawater in situ electrolysis for hydrogen production successfully tested in Fujian, China

Liu, R. (2023) · Frontiers in Energy · doi:10.1007/s11708-023-0888-2 · Cited by 6

Electronic and surface engineering of Mn active sites by femtosecond lasers: enhancing catalytic performance for seawater electrolysis through Mn 4+ –OH − layers

Smari, M., Haq, T. U., Boltaev, G. S., Al-Haik, M. Y., Alnaser, A. S., & Haik, Y. (2025) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/d5nr00263j · Cited by 6

Layered double hydroxides in catalyzing the green hydrogen revolution: advancements and prospects

Chowdhury, P. R., Medhi, H., Bhattacharyya, K. G., & Hussain, C. M. (2025) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/d5cc03111g · Cited by 5

Highly Stable Engineered Homogeneous Bipolar Membranes for Efficacious Water Electrolysis for Hydrogen Generation

Mishra, S., Mishra, S., Sharma, V., Rathod, N. H., & Kulshrestha, V. (2025) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202506078 · Cited by 5

[Ta6O19]8−-mediated interfacial OH− supply for efficient seawater electrolysis

Zhang, Y., Ma, X., Tao, Q., Yang, X., Yang, L., Wang, X., Wang, X., Zhang, Q., & Bai, Z. (2025) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2025.139181 · Cited by 5

Hydroxyl Self‐Trapping Strategy Enables Electrocatalysis at Ampere‐Level Current Densities: Kinetics‐Driven Lattice Oxygen Activation for Cl − ‐Rich Alkaline Water Electrooxidation

Liu, R., Kan, H., Ma, X., Yue, S., Gao, J., Zhao, M., Xie, H., & Xia, X. (2025) · Carbon Energy · doi:10.1002/cey2.70143 · Cited by 6

Efficient and Scalable Electrochemical Energy Systems via Peroxide‐Mediated Redox Chemistry

Kottaichamy, A. R., Volokh, M., Tzadikov, J., & Shalom, M. (2025) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202517218 · Cited by 5

“Charge pump-ion pump” coupling in moss-like CoNiFeMnZn-LDH/Ni heterostructures for efficient electrocatalytic water splitting

Gong, C., Li, W., He, X., Du, X., Wang, D., Chen, H., Fang, W., Zhang, H., Zhao, L., & Chai, Y. (2026) · Acta Materialia · doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2026.121934 · Cited by 5

Navigating Interfacial Complexities in Direct Seawater Electrolysis: Towards Scalable and Sustainable Green Hydrogen

Zhou, L., Yu, F., Cai, L., Yao, Y., Wang, Z., & Xia, B. Y. (2026) · Advanced Energy Materials · doi:10.1002/aenm.71083 · Cited by 6

Review on Membrane- and Non-Membrane-Based Electrolyzer Systems for Hydrogen Production via Seawater Electrolysis: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Raghav, J., Chavda, V., Raghav, S., Gandhi, M., Rajput, Y. B., & Pandey, V. S. (2026) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c01912 · Cited by 5

A Single-Atom Au Catalyst Boosts High-Efficiency Electrochemical Seawater Oxidation

Sha, Q., Shen, J., Yang, G., Li, T., Liu, W., Kuang, Y., & Sun, X. (2024) · Catalysts · doi:10.3390/catal14060348 · Cited by 5

System Chemistry in Catalysis: Facing the Next Challenges in Production of Energy Vectors and Environmental Remediation

Alessandri, I., & Vassalini, I. (2021) · Catalysts · doi:10.3390/catal11010064 · Cited by 6

Recent progress in inhibiting chloride for boosting anodic oxidation towards enhanced seawater electrolysis

Yuan, W., Du, B., Li, L., & Chu, X. (2025) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2025.136677 · Cited by 4

Study on optimal control strategy of current density in hydrogen production from non-desalinated seawater electrolysis

Li, S., Zhou, E., Gu, H., & Lv, S. (2025) · Process Safety and Environmental Protection · doi:10.1016/j.psep.2025.108041 · Cited by 4

Direct Green Hydrogen Production from Nontraditional Water Sources Using a Water Vapor Electrolyzer with Hydrogel Composite Electrocatalysts

Cao, Z., Zhou, Y., Fu, Z., Zheng, Z., Yin, H., Ao, S., Wang, W., Wu, M., Wu, Z., Logan, B. E., et al. (2025) · ACS Energy Letters · doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02884 · Cited by 4

Robust Amorphous Layer on Fe@Ni Foam for Highly Efficient Alkaline Seawater Oxidation Under High Current Densities

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