Efficient direct seawater electrolysers using selective alkaline NiFe-LDH as OER catalyst in asymmetric electrolyte feeds

Electrolysis of low-grade and saline surface water

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Direct Electrolytic Splitting of Seawater: Opportunities and Challenges

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PREPARATION OF ARTIFICIAL SEAWATER1

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NiFe‐Based (Oxy)hydroxide Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Non‐Acidic Electrolytes

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Solar-driven, highly sustained splitting of seawater into hydrogen and oxygen fuels

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Design Criteria, Operating Conditions, and Nickel–Iron Hydroxide Catalyst Materials for Selective Seawater Electrolysis

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Highly efficient hydrogen evolution from seawater by a low-cost and stable CoMoP@ C electrocatalyst superior to Pt/C

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Electrolyte-Dependent Electrosynthesis and Activity of Cobalt-Based Water Oxidation Catalysts

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A sea-change: manganese doped nickel/nickel oxide electrocatalysts for hydrogen generation from seawater

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Direct Electrolytic Splitting of Seawater: Activity, Selectivity, Degradation, and Recovery Studied from the Molecular Catalyst Structure to the Electrolyzer Cell Level

Dresp, S., Dionigi, F., Loos, S., de Araujo, J. V. F., Spöri, C., Gliech, M., Dau, H., & Strasser, P. (2018) · Advanced Energy Materials · doi:10.1002/aenm.201800338 · Cited by 312

Addressing the energy efficiency and sustainability of electrocatalytic H 2 production via sulfion oxidation chemistry

Semwal, S., & Ojha, U. (2026) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/d6cc00276e · Cited by 2

From Lab to Ocean: Multiscale Design of Electrocatalysts for Practical Seawater Splitting Applications

Gao, M., Liu, S., Wu, W., Miao, Y., Huang, T., Wang, R., & Liu, H. (2026) · ChemSusChem · doi:10.1002/cssc.70786 · Cited by 2

Janus-like WC–Co Heterostructures Enable Orbital-Level Modulation for Durable Seawater Zinc–Air Batteries

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Local-atomic environment engineering of Ni-sites for industrial hydrogen production from seawater

Wu, P., Lou, Z., Ma, Y., Wang, P., Xue, D., Ma, F., Cui, X., Liu, G., Zhou, X., Wang, E., et al. (2026) · CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS (CHINESE VERSION) · doi:10.1016/s1872-2067(26)65051-6 · Cited by 2

Practical Guide to Oxygen Evolution Research: Fundamentals, Experimental Workflows, and Cross‐Disciplinary Materials Discovery

Meng, Z., Liu, L., Zhao, G., Duan, Z., Jiang, S., Li, J., Tan, X., Wang, X., Qin, P., & Liu, Z. (2026) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.75486 · Cited by 2

A facile strategy of “laser-direct-writing” to develop self-supported Ni 30 B 70 –Ti catalysts for boosted and durable alkaline oxygen evolution

Gao, Y., Zhu, S., Cui, Z., Li, Z., Wu, S., Gao, Z., Xu, W., Guo, M., Liang, Y., & Jiang, H. (2024) · Sustainable Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1039/d4se00230j · Cited by 2

Electrochemical nitrogen removal from ethylene washing wastewater

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Zif-67-Derived Feconi-Ldh with 3d Nanoflower Hierarchical Structure for Highly Efficient Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Coupling Seawater Splitting Hydrogen ProductionPreprint

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Reconfiguring the Hydrogen Networks of Aqueous Electrolyte to Stabilize Iron Hexacyanoferrate for High‐Voltage pH‐Decoupled Cell

Xie, Z., Zhu, Y., Du, J., Yang, D., Zhang, N., Sun, Q., Huang, G., & Zhang, X. (2024) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202400916 · Cited by 1

Reconfiguring the Hydrogen Networks of Aqueous Electrolyte to Stabilize Iron Hexacyanoferrate for High‐Voltage pH‐Decoupled Cell

Xie, Z., Zhu, Y., Du, J., Yang, D., Zhang, N., Sun, Q., Huang, G., & Zhang, X. (2024) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.202400916 · Cited by 1

Maximizing BiVO4 photoanode efficacy via synergetic integration of amorphous NiFe-layered double hydroxide for bifunctional solar-driven water splitting and recalcitrant pollutant removal reactions

Mane, P., Bhoj, P. K., Yelpale, A. M., Burungale, V. V., Bae, H., Ghule, A. V., Lee, S. H., & Ha, J. (2026) · Inorganica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.ica.2026.123113 · Cited by 1

Molybdate ion adsorption enhances the chlorine corrosion resistance of NiFe-LDH to stabilize the oxidation mechanism of alkaline seawater

Jia, Z., Bao, W., Ai, T., Han, J., Deng, Z., Dong, H., & Zhang, J. (2026) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2026.178530 · Cited by 1

Magnetron sputtering for water-electrolysis catalyst fabrication: Advances, mechanistic insights and scalable electrode integration

Gao, B., Xu, P., Qiao, R., Mei, H., & Yang, R. (2026) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2026.123905 · Cited by 1

Tin Dichalcogenides as Bifunctional Catalysts for Electrochemical Water Splitting in an Alkaline–Saline Medium

R, K. B. T., Govindharajulu, S. M., & Malar, P. (2026) · ACS Applied Energy Materials · doi:10.1021/acsaem.6c01298 · Cited by 1

Multiscale Design of Anion Exchange Membrane‐Based Seawater Electrolysis for Sustainable Hydrogen Production

Kim, C., Yuk, G., Park, J.-H., Myeong, S., Ha, J. S., Hong, W. T., Kim, J. K., & Choi, S. M. (2026) · Advanced Energy Materials · doi:10.1002/aenm.71334 · Cited by 1

Local pH control for impure-water-fed bipolar-membrane electrolyzers

Han, S., Choi, G. H., Zhang, W., Xi, D., Syar, D., Shim, J., Lee, J. Y., Jaramillo, T. F., Ryu, J., & Boettcher, S. W. (2026) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/d6ee02476a · Cited by 1

Synthesis and Wide-pH/Seawater Oxygen Evolution Performance of B-NiFeP/NF at Large Current Densities

Zhang, H., Wang, Y., Li, W., Zhang, L., Li, C., Wu, W., & Wu, H. (2026) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6c05260 · Cited by 1

Phosphorization-pyrolysis engineered FeP@CNT heterostructures for efficient and durable direct seawater electrolysis

Prabu, S., Lee, G., Pallavolu, M. R., Cho, J., Ahn, Y. N., Park, S., & Kim, D. (2026) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2026.180631 · Cited by 1

From Atomic‐Scale Engineering to Industry‐Ready Systems: Prospects for Seawater Electrolysis Toward Hydrogen

Ding, J., Wu, Y., Li, Y., Yuwono, J. A., Soo, J. Z., Zhao, S., Zhao, C., Karuturi, S. K., & Zhang, D. (2026) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.75190 · Cited by 1

Unravelling Electronic Structure, Surface Reconstruction, and Local Environment Effects in NiFe-LDH Anodes for Direct Seawater Electrolysis

Sarfraz, N., Muhammad, K. M., Li, X., Amir, A., Hussain, J., & Khan, I. (2026) · ACS Physical Chemistry Au · doi:10.1021/acsphyschemau.6c00104 · Cited by 1

Reconstruction‐Induced Bilayered Amorphous–Crystalline Hybrid NiOOH‐Based Anode for Ultrastable Seawater Electrolysis

He, Z., Bu, H., Zhao, K., Lin, S., Yu, Z., Fu, Y., Hou, W., Gong, Y., Fan, H., Zheng, C., et al. (2026) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.75084 · Cited by 1

In-situ generated of interface nanoengineering to improve bifunctional electrocatalysts activity

Deng, W., Zheng, H., Li, J., Wu, Y., Chen, F., Chen, Z., Bai, Y., Zou, X., Jing, M., Wu, T., et al. (2023) · Journal of Alloys and Compounds · doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.172108 · Cited by 1

Self-Standing Ruthenium Oxide/Nickle Oxide Nanocomposites Enabled Reliable and Regeneratable Seawater SplittingPreprint

Dang, Y., Wang, J., He, J., Feng, C., Tobin, Z. M., Achola, L. A., Zhao, W. J., Wen, L., & Suib, S. L. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4111909 · Cited by 1

Hydrogen production driven by seawater electrolysis

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Boron Modification Promoting Electrochemical Surface Reconstruction To Enhance Freshwater/Seawater Oxidation CatalysisPreprint

Wang, Z., Niu, X., Ye, L., Wang, X., Wang, C., Wen, Y., Wang, L., Gao, H., Li, X., & Zhan, T. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4751003

Key Role of Nonprecious Oxygen-Evolving Active Site in Niooh Electrocatalysts for Water SplittingPreprint

Zhang, Q., Song, N., Fang, M., Li, Y., Chen, X., Chen, Y., He, L., Zhang, W., Ma, X., & Lei, X. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4875958

Biocrude Upgrading Technology and Challenges

Sousa, P. D. S., Filho, J. R. D. M., Silva, L. D. C., Vieira, R. D. S., Salamba, M. Q., & dos Santos, J. C. S. (2025) · Advances in sustainability science and technology · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-5198-6_15

Promoted water dissociation via harnessing Ir oxidation-state boundary for robust hydrogen evolution catalysis

Li, S., Duan, R., Wang, K., Li, J., Lei, L., Wang, Y., Chen, J., Zhuang, L., Xu, Z. P., & Yao, X. (2025) · Chemical Engineering Science · doi:10.1016/j.ces.2025.122554

Application of Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings to Reduce Chloride Ion Crossover in an Asymmetric Seawater Electrolysis Cell

Xie, C., Zhou, X., Taylor, R. F., Bian, B., & Logan, B. E. (2025) · ACS ES&T Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsestengg.5c00552

Ni–Cr–Fe–Mo heterojunction enables efficient and ultra-stable hybrid seawater electrolysis at industrial current densities

Zhang, Q., Wang, N., Xiao, Y., Zhang, Q., Yang, G., He, Z., Kang, X., Jiang, Y., & He, Y. (2026) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/d5ta07461d

Achieving OER Selectivity in the Electrolysis of Seawater through Shielded Carbon- Supported Iridium Nanoclusters

Harvey, C. (2024) · doi:10.70675/ddc28166z3f6bz4455za1e9z03f84f8eabf7

Hydrogen Production via Hybrid Seawater Electrolysis Based on $\text{SO}_{2}$-Assisted Anodic Reaction and Process Parameter Optimization

Jin, Z., Huang, B., Peng, J., & Liao, F. (2025) · International Conference on Energy, Power and Grid (ICEPG) · doi:10.1109/icepg67373.2025.11467083

Activation protocols for stainless steel in alkaline water electrolysis: trends and limitations

Lavorante, M. J. (2026) · Academia green energy. · doi:10.20935/acadenergy8292

Seawater Electrolysis: The Synergistic Trio‐pillar Strategy Against Hurdles

Diab, S., Shehata, M., Ghany, N. A. A., & Elminshawy, N. A. S. (2026) · Advanced Sustainable Systems · doi:10.1002/adsu.70507

Direct impure water electrolysis at industrial scale

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Back-diffusion of hydroxide ions governs failure mechanisms in asymmetric seawater electrolyzers

Gardiol, P., Etzi, M., Sacco, A., Gho, C. I., & Sassone, D. (2026) · Journal of Power Sources · doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.240833 · Cited by 1

Impact of Pretreatment Protocols on the Performance of Anion Exchange Membranes for More Cost-Effective Hydrogen Production via ElectrolysisPreprint

González, M., Segura, F., Andújar, J. M., & Valencia, C. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.7065076

Key Technologies and Challenges of Hydrogen Energy Electrochemistry

Zhou, Y., Liang, W., Cheng, X., Lou, Y., Jiang, Y., & Sun, S. (2026) · 中国科学基金 · doi:10.3724/bnsfc-2025.06.25.0001

Interlayer charge engineering in self-assembled NiFe layered double hydroxide/graphene oxide hybrid nanoarchitectures for bifunctional water electrolysis

Wang, F., Chen, F., Deng, M., Li, Y., Liu, J., Guo, M., Yang, X., Lin, X., Chen, L., Xiang, T., et al. (2026) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/d6cc01890d

Nitrate intercalation suppresses Fe active-site dissolution in NiFe-LDH for durable industrial alkaline oxygen evolution

Zhang, Y., Han, S., Huang, J. Y., Cai, W., Ng, Y. H., Chen, I. P., & Lai, Y. (2026) · Science China Materials · doi:10.1007/s40843-026-4167-3

In situ construction of MOF-derived CoN/Mo2N interfaces for efficient and stable bifunctional seawater electrolysis

Yu, X., Zhang, S., He, Y., Lu, J., 唐海人, Qin, S., Xiao, X., Lang, K., Zhang, Y., & Jiang, B. (2026) · Journal of Alloys and Compounds · doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.190026

A review of stress regulation in electrocatalyst design: rational modulation and applications in water splitting

Zhang, X., Yang, S., Liu, Y., Liu, W., Zhang, X., Li, M., Dong, B., & Tang, Q. (2026) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/d6dt01522k

Crystallographic Frameworks Regulate Oxygen and Chlorine Evolution Selectivity in MnO2 ElectrocatalystsPreprint

Park, G., Bera, R. K., Park, J. Y., Hwang, Y., Lee, H., & Nam, K. M. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.7239486

Seawater Electrolysis for Sustainable Hydrogen Production: From Material Design to System Engineering

Zhang, Z., Wang, Y., & Luo, J. (2026) · Advanced Energy Materials · doi:10.1002/aenm.71426

Lattice Chloride Shielding and Reconstructed Phosphate Armor for Stable Seawater Electrolysis

Yan, Y., Lin, Y., Chen, X., Yang, S., Zhou, K., Chen, J., Ni, L., & Chen, M. (2026) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.77420

Heterointerface-mediated oxidation state enhances oxygen evolution reaction on iron organic framework/cobalt-nickel layered double hydroxide

Li, Y., Wei, Z., Wu, Y., Portniagin, A. S., Zhao, X., Chen, D., Liu, H., & Rogach, A. L. (2026) · Materials Today Energy · doi:10.1016/j.mtener.2026.102401

Sulfur Vacancy-Decorated Iron-Doped Nickel Based Sulfide Nanoparticles: Electronic Structure Modulation for Exceptional Oxygen Evolution Performance in Alkaline Water/Seawater

Yang, S., Wang, Y., Gong, Y., & Wang, N. (2026) · Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.cjsc.2026.101105

Hybrid forward osmosis systems: Principles, applications and challenges

Salehi, H., Honarvar, F., & Shakeri, A. (2026) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2026.125075

One-year operation of a passive flow simulated seawater electrolyzer: mechanistic understanding, controlling membrane properties and selective water transport

Al-Murisi, M., Mosali, V. S. S., Cui, Y., Wayne, R., Gerber, H. J., Oh, J., Zachman, M. J., Kohl, P. A., Tsur, Y., & Mustain, W. E. (2026) · EES Catalysis · doi:10.1039/d6ey00234j

From water dissociation catalysts to the interfacial microenvironment: mechanism and design of bipolar membranes for water electrolysis

Wang, X., He, Z., Zheng, J., Yan, J., Chen, S., Yang, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, X., & Wang, L. (2026) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2026.120858

Promoting the Oxygen Vacancy in NiFe LDH-MOF Nanohybrid via Ce Doping for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Lu, X., Chen, Y., Kuang, S., Zhao, Q., Hua, L., Nie, M., Lu, S., & Li, Q. (2026) · ACS Applied Nano Materials · doi:10.1021/acsanm.6c03580

Recent advances in nickel-based catalysts for alkaline seawater electrolysis: Oxygen evolution, hybrid anodic reactions and electrolyzer integration

Pavithra, B., Ghosh, S., & Vernoux, P. (2026) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2026.182500

Deciphering chlorine-involved electrochemistry and metal dissolution in direct seawater electrolysis

Aziz, H., Gulshan, N., Jin, R., Ma, G., Li, S., Zhang, Q., Wang, T., Qi, S., & Khalafallah, D. (2026) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2026.218601 · Cited by 1

Application of microenvironment regulation in seawater electrolysis

Wang, Z., Zhang, Y., Liu, Y., Wu, S., Chen, D., Meng, Q., Liu, X., Chi, J., & Wang, L. (2026) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2026.117565

Chloride-blocking MnOx/NiFe architectures enabling robust oxygen evolution in alkaline seawater

Zhang, T., Zhang, D., Hao, X., Liu, X., & Wang, Y. (2026) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.157917

Direct seawater electrolysis for sustainable hydrogen production: advances in catalyst design, electrolyzer engineering, and catalyst-electrolyzer co-design

Liu, J., Gong, X., Wang, X., Cai, Y., Huang, W., Yu, S., Li, C., Feng, S., Liu, D., & Wang, Z. (2026) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2026.218678

Rational Design Strategies Toward Efficient and Stable Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Production via Water Electrolysis: A Comprehensive Review

Komalla, N., & Dzade, N. Y. (2026) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202511010 · Cited by 1

Contrasting Oxygen and Chlorine Evolution Selectivity in Tunnel and Layered MnO2 Electrocatalysts

박기상, Bera, R. K., Park, J. Y., Hwang, Y., Lee, H., & Nam, K. M. (2026) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.6c17410

Research progress of layered double hydroxide electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction in seawater splitting

Xu, J. (2026) · Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2026.120717

High‐Performance Alkaline Seawater Electrolysis with Anomalous Chloride Promoted Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Liu, H., Shen, W., Jin, H., Xu, J. J., Xi, P., Dong, J., Zheng, Y., & Qiao, S. (2023) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.202311674 · Cited by 58

(Invited) Insights into NiFe-LDH Catalysis and Its Implementation into Asymmetric-Feed Seawater-Electrolysers

Buchheister, P. W., Klingenhof, M., Thanh, T. N., Brueckner, S., Dionigi, F., & Strasser, P. (2025) · ECS Meeting Abstracts · doi:10.1149/ma2025-01381957mtgabs

Advances in the design of highly stable NiFe-LDH electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution in seawater

Zhai, X.-J., Lv, Q., Xie, J., Zhang, Y.-X., Chai, Y., & Dong, B. (2024) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2024.153187 · Cited by 55

Advancing Seawater Electrolysis: NiFe‐LDH‐Based Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Liu, Y., Hu, H., Wang, K., Huang, J., & Wang, D. (2025) · Advanced Energy Materials · doi:10.1002/aenm.202504101 · Cited by 51

Investigating direct alkaline seawater electrolysis and its impact on the oxygen evolution reaction

Corbin, J. (2026) · Figshare