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Challenges in the manipulation, assessment and interpretation of craving relevant variables
Abstract
The nature of drug craving and its role in the addictive process is a contentious issue in the addiction sciences. There are numerous disputes regarding the definition, assessment, manipulation and interpretation of craving, and progress toward resolving the enigmas of craving confronts numerous conceptual and methodological challenges. Greater attention to certain fundamental principles of measurement and manipulation should generate immediate and substantial improvements in efforts to understand and control alcohol craving. This paper provides suggestions for enhancing the measurement of self‐reported alcohol craving and improving the manipulation of alcohol craving under controlled laboratory conditions. With regard to measurement, single‐item scales commonly employed in craving research tend to be handicapped by limited reliability and validity. Multi‐item craving scales are more likely to provide the accuracy required to accurately discriminate between different levels of craving across individuals or across different settings. Conceptual and practical considerations for the selection of multi‐item craving instruments are discussed. With regard to the manipulation of alcohol craving in the laboratory, recent meta‐analyses suggest that alcohol craving effects in such research may be relatively weaker than craving effects found in similar research with other addicts. Therefore, laboratory‐based investigations into the nature of alcohol craving should utilize procedures and assessments that are particularly sensitive to the detection of alcohol craving. This paper offers methodological recommendations for enhancing the magnitude of alcohol craving effects generated in laboratory research.
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“craving in itself has been diffi cult to measure in human clinical studies and does not always correlate with relapse.89”
From Neurobiology of addiction: a neurocircuitry analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [89]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tiffany, S. T., Carter, B. L., & Singleton, E. G.
- Affiliations
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Venue
- Addiction
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-08
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 8s2
- Pages
- 177-187
- ISSN
- 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0443
- OpenAlex
- W2082357982
- Cited by
- 221
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 3.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Addiction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- alcohol craving, craving measurement, single-item scale, scale reliability and validity
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Research Design, Reproducibility of Results, Behavior, Addictive, Alcohol-Related Disorders
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