CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 171Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug ReactionsTreatment of Major DepressionElectroconvulsive Therapy Studies

A comparison of the post‐marketing safety of four selective serotonin re‐uptake inhibitors including the investigation of symptoms occurring on withdrawal

Open access
PRICE, JOHN S., WALLER, PATRICK C., WOOD, SUSAN M., MACKAY, ANGUS V. P.·1996·British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.00498.xPMC PMC2042719
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

1 We have addressed the question of whether there is a ‘serotonin withdrawal syndrome’ by analysis of spontaneous reports of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with four SSRIs. A comparison of the post‐marketing safety profiles of the four SSRIs has also been made. 2 The UK database of ADRs was examined for reactions associated with fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine and sertraline. The safety profiles of the four SSRIs were similar. However, withdrawal reactions with paroxetine constitute a greater proportion of reports (5.1%) than with the other SSRIs (0.06–0.9%). They have been reported more often with paroxetine (0.3 reports per thousand prescriptions) than with sertraline and fluvoxamine (0.03), and least often with fluoxetine (0.002). 3 Descriptions of withdrawal reactions received and further details of 217 reports of withdrawal reaction with paroxetine obtained by mailing a questionnaire to the reporting doctor were examined. Withdrawal symptoms were diverse but most commonly comprised dizziness, paraesthesia, tremor, anxiety, nausea and palpitation. They usually occurred after 2 days and lasted for an average of 10 days. There was no evidence of a physical drug dependency syndrome. 4 Symptoms different from the previous depressive illness occur after discontinuing an SSRI, and are reported most often with paroxetine. Paroxetine is the most pharmacologically specific of the SSRIs, but it is not clear whether the reactions constitute a ‘serotonin withdrawal syndrome’.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.00498.x

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • In social anxiety disorder patients, 1 and 2 weeks after randomization, the total DESS score was significantly higher in those who discontinued escitalopram than in the continuation group (p < 0.01).

    “Results showed that, 1 and 2 weeks after randomization, the total DESS score was significantly higher in those who discontinued escitalopram than in the continuation group (p < 0.01).”

    From Withdrawal Symptoms after Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Discontinuation: A Systematic Review (2015) · cites this paper as [36]

    The Withdrawal reactions section reports spontaneous adverse-reaction reports for paroxetine, sertraline, fluoxetine and fluvoxamine. Our copy does not address escitalopram, social anxiety disorder, DESS scores or a randomized discontinuation-versus-continuation comparison; searches for those terms and the stated time points found no supporting passage. Page numbers were unavailable for the indexed passages. (LLM, conf=0.78)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Only a few studies used either a definition of withdrawal reaction based on specific criteria or a cutoff score of the DESS to determine the occurrence of withdrawal symptoms.

    “However, only a few studies used either a definition of withdrawal reaction based on specific criteria [23,47] or a cutoff score of the DESS [36,40,43,46] to determine the occurrence of withdrawal symptoms.”

    From Withdrawal Symptoms after Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Discontinuation: A Systematic Review (2015) · cites this paper as [36]

    The Methods describe scrutinising spontaneous reports of withdrawal reactions and following up paroxetine reports with a standardised questionnaire, but the passages found do not state specific criteria for defining a withdrawal reaction. I searched the Methods for a definition and inclusion criteria; the paper also does not assess how many studies used such criteria. (LLM, conf=0.70)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [1]1. Borg S, Brodin K. Antidepressants. In Meyler's Side Effects 17 Szabadi E. Fluvoxamine withdrawal syndrome. Br J Psychiat 1992; 160: 283-284.
  2. [2]2. of Drugs, 12th edition, ed. Dukes MNG, Elsevier, 1992: 30-78.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
PRICE, J. S., WALLER, P. C., WOOD, S. M., & MACKAY, A. V. P.
Affiliations
Government of the United Kingdom (GB)
ORCID
WOOD, SUSAN M.
Venue
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1996-12
Volume
42
Issue
6
Pages
757-763
ISSN
  • 0306-5251 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2125
DOI
10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.00498.x
PMC
PMC2042719
OpenAlex
W2078302667
Semantic Scholar
046ede5f171a0a448e731c5a44baf73198becfd9
Cited by
171
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
FWCI
20.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 2496 d)
Locations
  • British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
Keywords
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, paroxetine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, adverse drug reactions, post-marketing safety, spontaneous adverse event reporting, drug addiction
MeSH terms
Adult, Female, Fluoxetine, Humans, Male, Product Surveillance, Postmarketing, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, 1-Naphthylamine, Fluvoxamine, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Paroxetine, Sertraline

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review