The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Depression and anxiety disorders associated with headache frequency. The Nord‐Trøndelag Health Study
Abstract
The aim of this large cross‐sectional population‐based study was to examine the association between migraine, non‐migrainous headache and headache frequency with depression, and anxiety disorders. From 1995 to 1997, all 92 566 inhabitants aged 20 years and above in Nord‐Trøndelag County in Norway were invited to participate in the Nord‐Trøndelag Health Study (‘Helseundersøkelsen i Nord‐Trøndelag’ = HUNT‐2). A total of 64 560 participated, whereof 51 383 subjects (80%) completed a headache questionnaire that was included. Of these 51 383 individuals, 47 257 (92%) completed the depression subscale items and 43 478 (85%), the anxiety subscale items of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Associations were assessed in multivariate analyses, estimating prevalence odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Depression and anxiety disorders as measured by HADS, were significantly associated with migraine (OR = 2.7, 95% CI 2.3–3.2; OR = 3.2, 95% CI 2.8–3.6) and non‐migrainous headache (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 2.0–2.5; OR = 2.7, 95% CI 2.4–3.0) when compared with headache‐free individuals. The association was stronger for anxiety disorders than for depression. The ORs for depression and anxiety disorders amongst both migraine and non‐migrainous sufferers increased with increasing headache frequency. Depression and anxiety disorders are associated with both migraine and non‐migrainous headache, and this association seems more dependent on headache frequency than diagnostic category.
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Cites
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
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Self-citationDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)
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Limitations of the Application of Fourfold Table Analysis to Hospital Data
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“In order to generalize the results observed in clinical samples, the associations must be confirmed in unbiased samples from the general population (Berkson, 1946).”
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Cited by
Burch, R. C., Buse, D. C., & Lipton, R. B. (2019) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2019.06.001 · Cited by 741
Epidemiology and comorbidity of headache
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Self-citationSociodemographic and comorbidity profiles of chronic migraine and episodic migraine sufferers
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Chronic Pain and Mental Health Disorders
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Epidemiology of headache in Europe
Stovner, L. J., Zwart, J. ‐., Hagen, K., Terwindt, G. M., & Pascual, J. (2006) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01184.x · Cited by 421
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zwart, J. ‐., Dyb, G., Hagen, K., Ødegård, K. J., Dahl, A. A., Bovim, G., & Stovner, L. J.
- Venue
- European Journal of Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-03
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 147-152
- ISSN
- 1351-5101 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-1331
- OpenAlex
- W1988932812
- Cited by
- 383
- References
- 38
- FWCI
- 6.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Zwart, J. ‐., Dyb, G., Hagen, K., Ødegård, K. J., Dahl, A. A., Bovim, G., & Stovner, L. J. (2003). Depression and anxiety disorders associated with headache frequency. The Nord‐Trøndelag Health Study. European Journal of Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-1331.2003.00551.x
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