Sociodemographic and comorbidity profiles of chronic migraine and episodic migraine sufferers
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To characterise and compare the sociodemographic profiles and the frequency of common comorbidities for adults with chronic migraine (CM) and episodic migraine (EM) in a large population-based sample. METHODS: The American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention (AMPP) study is a longitudinal, population-based, survey. Data from the 2005 survey were analysed to assess differences in sociodemographic profiles and rates of common comorbidities between two groups of respondents: CM (ICHD-2 defined migraine; > or =15 days of headache per month) and EM (ICHD-2 defined migraine; 0-14 days of headache per month). Categories of comorbid conditions included psychiatric, respiratory, cardiovascular, pain and 'other' such as obesity and diabetes. RESULTS: Of 24 000 headache sufferers surveyed in 2005, 655 respondents had CM, and 11 249 respondents had EM. Compared with EM, respondents with CM had stastically significant lower levels of household income, were less likely to be employed full time and were more likely to be occupationally disabled. Those with CM were approximately twice as likely to have depression, anxiety and chronic pain. Respiratory disorders including asthma, bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cardiac risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol and obesity, were also significantly more likely to be reported by those with CM. DISCUSSION: Sociodemographic and comorbidity profiles of the CM population differ from the EM population on multiple dimensions, suggesting that CM and EM differ in important ways other than headache frequency.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,841 · see citing works
The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2001) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x · Cited by 44,910 · see citing works
The International Classification of Headache Disorders: 2nd edition
Olesen, J., Goadsby, P. J., & Steiner, T. (2003) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(03)00590-8 · Cited by 5,046 · see citing works
The International Classification of Headache Disorders
Olesen, J. (2008) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01121.x · Cited by 2,321 · see citing works
Prevalence and Burden of Migraine in the United States: Data From the American Migraine Study II
Lipton, R. B., Stewart, W. F., Diamond, S., Diamond, M. L., & Reed, M. (2001) · Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1046/j.1526-4610.2001.041007646.x · Cited by 2,268 · see citing works
Self-citationNew Appendix Criteria Open for a Broader Concept of Chronic Migraine
Olesen, J., Bousser, M.-G., Diener, H.-C., Dodick, D., First, M., Goadsby, P., Göbel, H., Lainez, M., Lance, J., Lipton, R., et al. (2006) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2982.2006.01172.x · Cited by 909 · cited 1× · see citing works
“and is defined as diagnosis of migraine with 15 or more headache days per month over the past 3 months, of which at least eight headache days meet criteria for migraine without aura or respond to migraine-specific treatment.”
BackgroundSelf-citationEpidemiology of Chronic Daily Headache in the General Population
Castillo, J., Muñoz, P., Guitera, V., & Pascual, J. (1999) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1046/j.1526-4610.1999.3903190.x · Cited by 711 · see citing works
Von Korff, M., Crane, P., Lane, M., Miglioretti, D. L., Simon, G., Saunders, K., Stang, P., Brandenburg, N., & Kessler, R. (2005) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.11.010 · Cited by 612 · see citing works
Prevalence of Frequent Headache in a Population Sample
Scher, I., Stewart, W. F., Liberman, J. N., & Lipton, R. B. (1998) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1046/j.1526-4610.1998.3807497.x · Cited by 604 · see citing works
Self-citationChronic migraine in the population
BIGAL, M. E., Serrano, D., Reed, M. L., & Lipton, R. B. (2008) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000323925.29520.e7 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Self-citationDiamond, S., BIGAL, M. E., Silberstein, S. D., Loder, E., Reed, M. L., & Lipton, R. B. (2006) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00631.x · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Self-citationDepression and anxiety disorders associated with headache frequency. The Nord‐Trøndelag Health Study
Zwart, J., Dyb, G. A., Hagen, K., Ødegård, K. J., Dahl, A. A., Bovim, G., & Stovner, L. J. (2003) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1046/j.1468-1331.2003.00551.x · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Comorbidity of migraine and psychiatric disorders—a national population-based study
Jette, N., Patten, S., Williams, J., Becker, W., & Wiebe, S. (2008) · Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00993.x · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Lantéri‐Minet, M., Radat, F., Chautard, M.-H., & Lucas, C. (2005) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.09.010 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Breslau, N., & Davis, G. C. (1993) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(93)90009-q · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Comorbidity of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Chronic Daily Headache and Its Subtypes
Juang, K., Wang, S., Fuh, J., Lu, S., & Su, T. (2000) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1046/j.1526-4610.2000.00148.x · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Comorbidity of migraine and epilepsy
Ottman, R., & Lipton, R. B. (1994) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.44.11.2105 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Self-citationBIGAL, M. E., Rapoport, A. M., Lipton, R. B., Tepper, S. J., & Sheftell, F. D. (2003) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1046/j.1526-4610.2003.03068.x · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Self-citationThe co‐occurrence of headache and musculoskeletal symptoms amongst 51 050 adults in Norway
Hagen, K., Einarsen, C. E., Zwart, J. ‐., Svebak, S., & Bovim, G. (2002) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1046/j.1468-1331.2002.00451.x · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Quality‐of‐Life Differences Between Patients With Episodic and Transformed Migraine
Meletiche, D. M., Lofland, J. H., & Young, W. B. (2001) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1046/j.1526-4610.2001.041006573.x · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Is Headache Related to Asthma, Hay Fever, and Chronic Bronchitis? The Head‐HUNT Study
Aamodt, A. H., Stovner, L. J., Langhammer, A., Hagen, K., & Zwart, J. (2006) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00597.x · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Why study the comorbidity of migraine?
Lipton, R. B., & Silberstein, S. D. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Self-citationComorbidity of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Chronic Daily Headache and Its Subtypes
Juang, K., Wang, S., Fuh, J., et al. (2000) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2000.00148.x · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Fibromyalgia is common in patients with transformed migraine
Peres, M. F. P., Young, W., Kaup, A. O., Zukerman, E., & Silberstein, S. D. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.57.7.1326 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Comorbidity With Low Back Pain
Hestbæk, L., Leboeuf‐Yde, C., Kyvik, K. O., Vach, W., Russell, M. B., Skadhauge, L. R., Svendsen, A. J., & Manniche, C. (2004) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000129230.52977.86 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder in Episodic and Chronic Migraine
Peterlin, B. L., Tietjen, G. E., Meng, S., Lidicker, J. R., & BIGAL, M. E. (2008) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.00917.x · Cited by 99 · see citing works
(2007) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00928.x · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Migraine and Coronary Heart Disease in Women and Men
Cook, N. R., Benseñor, I. M., Lotufo, P. A., et al. (2002) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1046/j.1526-4610.2002.02173.x · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Chronic migraine in the population: Burden, diagnosis, and satisfaction with treatment
Garza, I. (2009) · Yearbook of Neurology and Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/s0513-5117(09)79231-2 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
New Appendix Criteria Open for a Broader Concept of Chronic Migraine
Solomon, S. (2007) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01292_1.x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
The co‐occurrence of headache and musculoskeletal symptoms amongst 51 050 adults in Norway.
Hagen, K., Einarsen, C. E., Zwart, J., et al. (2003) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1046/j.1526-4610.2003.03085_4.x · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Episodic and Chronic Migraine
Peterlin, B. L., Tietjen, G. E., Meng, S., Lidicker, J. R., & BIGAL, M. E. (2007) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00917.x · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Liebenstein M, Bigal ME, Sheftell FD, et al. Validation of the chronic daily headache questionnaire. Neurology 2007;68:369.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Pathophysiology of migraine: a disorder of sensory processing
Goadsby, P. J., Holland, P. R., Martins-Oliveira, M., Hoffmann, J., Schankin, C., & Akerman, S. (2017) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00034.2015 · Cited by 1,998 · see citing works
Burch, R. C., Buse, D. C., & Lipton, R. B. (2019) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2019.06.001 · Cited by 741 · see citing works
Self-citationBlumenfeld, A., Varon, S., Wilcox, T., Buse, D., Kawata, A., Manack, A., Goadsby, P., & Lipton, R. (2011) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1177/0333102410381145 · Cited by 627 · see citing works
Self-citationBuse, D. C., Manack, A. N., Fanning, K. M., Serrano, D., Reed, M. L., Turkel, C. C., & Lipton, R. B. (2012) · Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2012.02223.x · Cited by 549 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychiatric comorbidities of episodic and chronic migraine
Buse, D. C., Silberstein, S. D., Manack, A. N., Papapetropoulos, S., & Lipton, R. B. (2013) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-012-6725-x · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Self-citationBlumenfeld, A. M., Bloudek, L. M., Becker, W. J., Buse, D. C., Varon, S. F., Maglinte, G. A., Wilcox, T. K., Kawata, A. K., & Lipton, R. B. (2013) · Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.12055 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Self-citationBloudek, L. M., Stokes, M., Buse, D. C., Wilcox, T. K., Lipton, R. B., Goadsby, P. J., Varon, S. F., Blumenfeld, A. M., Katsarava, Z., Pascual, J., et al. (2012) · The Journal of Headache and Pain · doi:10.1007/s10194-012-0460-7 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Self-citationMigraine Progression: A Systematic Review
Buse, D. C., Greisman, J. D., Baigi, K., & Lipton, R. B. (2019) · Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.13459 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Self-citationAdams, A. M., Serrano, D., Buse, D. C., Reed, M. L., Marske, V., Fanning, K. M., & Lipton, R. B. (2015) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1177/0333102414552532 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Self-citationChronic Migraine: Epidemiology and Disease Burden
Manack, A. N., Buse, D. C., & Lipton, R. B. (2011) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-010-0157-z · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Self-citationGonçalves, A. L., Martini Ferreira, A., Ribeiro, R. T., Zukerman, E., Cipolla-Neto, J., & Peres, M. F. P. (2016) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2016-313458 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Lipton, R. B., Rosen, N. L., Ailani, J., DeGryse, R. E., Gillard, P. J., & Varon, S. F. (2016) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1177/0333102416652092 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationYoon, M.-S., Manack, A., Schramm, S., Fritsche, G., Obermann, M., Diener, H.-C., Moebus, S., & Katsarava, Z. (2013) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2012.12.010 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationPayne, K. A., Varon, S. F., Kawata, A. K., Yeomans, K., Wilcox, T. K., Manack, A., Buse, D. C., Lipton, R. B., Goadsby, P. J., & Blumenfeld, A. M. (2011) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1177/0333102411410610 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationBehavioral Interventions for Migraine
Pérez-Muñoz, A., Buse, D. C., & Andrasik, F. (2019) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2019.07.003 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationZebenholzer, K., Andree, C., Lechner, A., Broessner, G., Lampl, C., Luthringshausen, G., Wuschitz, A., Obmann, S.-M., Berek, K., & Wöber, C. (2015) · The Journal of Headache and Pain · doi:10.1186/s10194-015-0531-7 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“In a longitudinal study patients with chronic migraine had lower household incomes and worked part-time more often than patients with episodic migraine [7].”
BackgroundResultAn update on behavioral treatments in migraine - current knowledge and future options
Kropp, P., Meyer, B., Meyer, W., & Dresler, T. (2017) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2017.1377611 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Psychiatric comorbidities of migraine
(2024) · Handbook of Clinical Neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823357-3.00013-6 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Well-Being Therapy for Depressive Symptoms in Chronic Migraine: A Case Report
Mansueto, G., & Cosci, F. (2021) · Clinical Case Studies · doi:10.1177/1534650121989812 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Buse, D. C., Manack, A., Serrano, D., Turkel, C., & Lipton, R. B.
- Affiliations
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Allergan (United States) (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Buse, D C
- Venue
- Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2010-02-17
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 428-432
- ISSN
- 0022-3050 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2134001075
- Cited by
- 622
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 26.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Headache Foundation
- Allergan
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Migraine and Headache Studies
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Complementary and Manual Therapy › Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- chronic migraine, episodic migraine, sociodemographic factors, comorbidities, depression, anxiety, chronic pain, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular risk factors, obesity, diabetes mellitus, work disability, household income, headache frequency
- MeSH terms
- Asthma, Mental Disorders, Bronchitis, Cardiovascular Diseases, Chronic Disease, Demography, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Headache, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Migraine Disorders, Obesity, Population Surveillance, Surveys and Questionnaires, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
