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Cited by 417

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Snowmobile Activity and Glucocorticoid Stress Responses in Wolves and Elk

Creel, Scott, Fox, Jennifer E., Hardy, Amanda, Sands, Jennifer, Garrott, Bob, Peterson, Rolf O.·2002·Conservation Biology

Abstract

Abstract: The effect of human activities on animal populations is widely debated, particularly since a recent decision by the U.S. Department of the Interior to ban snowmobiles from national parks. Immunoassays of fecal glucocorticoid levels provide a sensitive and noninvasive method of measuring the physiological stress responses of wildlife to disturbances. We tested for associations between snowmobile activity and glucocorticoid levels in an elk ( Cervus elaphus ) population in Yellowstone National Park and wolf ( Canis lupus ) populations in Yellowstone, Voyageurs, and Isle Royale national parks. For wolves, comparisons among populations and years showed that fecal glucocorticoid levels were higher in areas and times of heavy snowmobile use. For elk, day‐to‐day variation in fecal glucocorticoid levels paralleled variation in the number of snowmobiles after we controlled for the effects of weather and age. Also for elk, glucocorticoid concentrations were higher in response to snowmobiles than to wheeled vehicles after we controlled for the effects of age, weather, and number of vehicles. Despite these stress responses, there was no evidence that current levels of snowmobile activity are affecting the population dynamics of either species in these locations.

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Metadata

Authors
Creel, S., Fox, J. E., Hardy, A., Sands, J., Garrott, B., & Peterson, R. O.
Venue
Conservation Biology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2002-05-28
Volume
16
Issue
3
Pages
809-814
ISSN
  • 0888-8892 (ISSN-L)
  • 1523-1739
OpenAlex
W2084284018
Cited by
417
References
18
FWCI
11.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Snowmobile Activity and Glucocorticoid Stress Responses in Wolves and Elk. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.00554.x
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Creel, S., Fox, J. E., Hardy, A., Sands, J., Garrott, B., & Peterson, R. O. (2002). Snowmobile Activity and Glucocorticoid Stress Responses in Wolves and Elk. Conservation Biology. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.00554.x

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