Electric and electric hybrid vehicle technology: a survey
Abstract
In urban areas, due to their beneficial effect on environment, electric and hybrid vehicles are an important factor for improvement of traffic and more particular for a healthier environment. We are quite rapidly reaching the end of the cheap oil era; this could happen around 2010 and is nowadays probably indicated by the steadily growing oil price. Therefore the need for alternative energy source is growing and the price competition of alternatives against oil is becoming more and more realistic. Electric and electric hybrid vehicles are offering the best possibility for the use of new energy sources, because electricity can result from a transformation with high efficiency of these sources and is always used with the highest possible efficiency in systems with electric drives or components. Some basic considerations about electric and hybrid vehicles today and in a mid and long-term perspective, are presented together with the infrastructure developments. The structures and performances of EVs and HEVs are discussed. Batteries and other energy sources, traction motors, and power electronics for drives, chargers and DC/DC converters are then discussed. Chargers and charging infrastructure, conductive and inductive charging, energy consumption and the EV/HEV market are also discussed. (11 pages)
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Nickel-metal-hydride batteries use an alloy that stores hydrogen for negative electrodes instead of cadmium.
“In this type of batteries, an alloy that stores hydrogen is used for negative electrodes instead of cadmium (Cd) [67].”
From A Review on Electric Vehicles: Technologies and Challenges (2021) · cites this paper as [67]
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- Authors
- Maggetto, G.
- Corresponding author
- Maggetto, G.
- Venue
- IEE Seminar on Electric, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Vehicles
- Publisher
- IEE
- Published
- 2000
- Volume
- 2000
- Pages
- 1-1
- OpenAlex
- W2151018781
- Cited by
- 154
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.14
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Advanced Battery Technologies Research
- Keywords
- electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, electric drives, traction motors, power electronics, batteries, DC-DC converter, charging infrastructure, inductive charging, energy consumption, alternative energy, oil prices, urban traffic, automobile market
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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