The DOI matches its Crossref record; 76 of the 76 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Solar activity during the Holocene: the Hallstatt cycle and its consequence for grand minima and maxima
Open accessAbstract
Aims. Cosmogenic isotopes provide the only quantitative proxy for analyzing the long-term solar variability over a centennial timescale. While essential progress has been achieved in both measurements and modeling of the cosmogenic proxy, uncertainties still remain in the determination of the geomagnetic dipole moment evolution. Here we aim at improving the reconstruction of solar activity over the past nine millennia using a multi-proxy approach.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“the grand solar minimum period 750 ± 60 BCE (50) likely reflects a different process (15)”
From Mediterranean radiocarbon offsets and calendar dates for prehistory (2020) · cites this paper as [50]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
IntCal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age calibration curves 0–50,000 years cal BP
Reimer, P. J., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J. W., Blackwell, P. G., Ramsey, C. B., Buck, C. E., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Friedrich, M., et al. (2013) · Radiocarbon · doi:10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16947 · Cited by 14,591
Detecting strange attractors in turbulence
Takens, F. (1981) · Lecture Notes in Mathematics · doi:10.1007/bfb0091924 · Cited by 10,459
Application of the cross wavelet transform and wavelet coherence to geophysical time series
Grinsted, A., Moore, J. C., & Jevrejeva, S. (2004) · Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics · doi:10.5194/npg-11-561-2004 · Cited by 6,285
IntCal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon age calibration curves, 0–50,000 years cal BP
Reimer, P. J., Baillie, M. G. L., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J. W., Blackwell, P. G., Bronk Ramsey, C., Buck, C. E., Burr, G. S., Edwards, R. L., et al. (2009) · Radiocarbon · doi:10.1017/s0033822200034202 · Cited by 4,290
Calculating the Singular Values and Pseudo-Inverse of a Matrix
Golub, G. H., & Kahan, W. (1965) · Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics Series B Numerical Analysis · doi:10.1137/0702016 · Cited by 1,812
Singular-spectrum analysis: A toolkit for short, noisy chaotic signals
Vautard, R., Yiou, P., & Ghil, M. (1992) · Physica D Nonlinear Phenomena · doi:10.1016/0167-2789(92)90103-t · Cited by 1,462
Singular spectrum analysis in nonlinear dynamics, with applications to paleoclimatic time series
Vautard, R., & Ghil, M. (1989) · Physica D Nonlinear Phenomena · doi:10.1016/0167-2789(89)90077-8 · Cited by 1,235
Unusual activity of the Sun during recent decades compared to the previous 11,000 years
Solanki, S. K., Usoskin, I. G., Kromer, B., Schüssler, M., & Beer, J. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02995 · Cited by 958
Self-citation9,400 years of cosmic radiation and solar activity from ice cores and tree rings
Steinhilber, F., Abreu, J. A., Beer, J., Brunner, I., Christl, M., Fischer, H., Heikkilä, U., Kubik, P. W., Mann, M., McCracken, K. G., et al. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1118965109 · Cited by 770
Analysis of Time Series Structure
Эдуардовна, Г. Н., Викторович, Н. В., & Zhigljavsky, A. A. (2001) · Monographs on statistics and applied probability · doi:10.1201/9781420035841 · Cited by 727
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Damon, P., & Sonett, C. 1991, in The Sun in Time, eds. C. Sonett, M. Giampapa, & M. Matthews (Tucson, USA: University of Arizona Press), 360
- Gallet, 2010, Akkadica, 131, 29
- Genevey, 2008, Geosyst., 9, 04038
- Korhonen, 2008, Geosys., 9, Q04029
- Mane, R. 1981, in Dynamical Systems and Turbulence, eds. D. Rand, & L. Young (Springer-Verlag), Lect. Notes Math., 898, 230
- Svalgaard, L., & Schatten, K. H. 2015, ArXiv e-prints [arXiv:1506.00755] · arXiv
- Usoskin, 2013, Liv. Rev. Sol. Phys., 10, 1
- Usoskin, 2009, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A03112
- Webber, 2009, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A02103
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–176 of 176
Torsten Haberzettl, A., Adolph, M., Grigoryan, T., Hovakimyan, H., Kasper, T., Nowaczyk, N. R., Zeeden, C., & Sahakyan, L. (2024) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.108945 · Cited by 6
Grand Activity Minima and Maxima via Dual Dynamos
Ölçek, D., Charbonneau, P., Lemerle, A., Longpré, G., & Boileau, F. (2019) · Solar Physics · doi:10.1007/s11207-019-1492-9 · Cited by 6
Solar Angular Momentum Loss Over the Past Several Millennia
(21869540), A. F., (9528896), S. D., (21850259), S. M., (16392186), M. O., & (21902012), C.-J. W. (2019) · Figshare · Cited by 6
Heredia, T., Bazzano, F. M., Cionco, R. G., Soon, W., Medina, F. D., & Elias, A. G. (2019) · Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics · doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2019.105094 · Cited by 5
Chol-jun, K., & Jik-su, K. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3452 · Cited by 5
Ptitsyna, N. G., & Demina, I. M. (2020) · Geomagnetism and Aeronomy · doi:10.1134/s0016793220030159 · Cited by 5
Temaj, D., Krivova, N. A., Chatzistergos, T., Solanki, S. K., & Hofer, B. (2026) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202659041 · Cited by 4
Limited waterpower contributed to rise of steam power in British “Cottonopolis”
Jonell, T. N., Jones, P., Lucas, A. R., & Naylor, S. (2024) · PNAS Nexus · doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae251 · Cited by 4
Liu, J., Li, Y., Tan, L., Zhang, R., Liu, X., Zhang, Z., Xiao, A., Kemp, D. B., & Huang, C. (2024) · Global and Planetary Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2024.104590 · Cited by 4
On the timing of the next great solar activity minimum
Tlatov, A. G., & Pevtsov, A. A. (2017) · Advances in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.asr.2017.05.009 · Cited by 4
Kämpf, L., Rius, D., Duprat‐Oualid, F., Crouzet, C., & Millet, L. (2022) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107846 · Cited by 4
Poppe, A. R., Szabo, P. S., Imata, E. R., Keller, L. P., & Christoffersen, R. (2023) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad0cf6 · Cited by 4
Evans, G., Augustinus, P. C., Gadd, P. S., Zawadzki, A., Ditchfield, A., & Hopkins, J. L. (2021) · Global and Planetary Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103688 · Cited by 4
Hervé, G., Chauvin, A., Lanos, P., Lhuillier, F., Boulud-Gazo, S., Denti, M., & Macario, R. (2021) · Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors · doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2021.106712 · Cited by 6
Poluianov, S., & Engelbrecht, N. E. (2025) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202452337 · Cited by 3
Mid- to late Holocene centennial-scale shifts of the Southern Hemisphere Westerly winds
Kaiser, J., Collins, J. A., Arz, H. W., & Lamy, F. (2025) · The Holocene · doi:10.1177/09596836251387256 · Cited by 3
Cyclic sunspot activity during the first millennium CE as reconstructed from radiocarbon
Usoskin, I. G., Solanki, S. K., Krivova, N. A., & Chatzistergos, T. (2026) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202659038 · Cited by 4
Self-citationPoluianov, S., Kovaltsov, G. A., Mishev, A., & USOSKIN, I. G. (2017) · International Cosmic Ray Conference · doi:10.22323/1.301.0124 · Cited by 3
Self-citationInceoglu, F. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-55317-w · Cited by 3
USOSKIN, I. G., Koldobskiy, S., Kovaltsov, G. A., Sukhodolov, T., Mishev, A., & Mironova, I. (2021) · International Cosmic Ray Conference · doi:10.22323/1.395.1319 · Cited by 3
Self-citationGolubenko, K., Rozanov, E., Kovaltsov, G. A., Baroni, M., Sukhodolov, T., & USOSKIN, I. G. (2024) · Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics · doi:10.1029/2024ja032504 · Cited by 2
Self-citationDynamical analysis of long-term solar activity based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition
Huang, L., & Li, Q. (2025) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staf1135 · Cited by 2
Baby, S. R., & Kuppusamy, M. (2026) · Quaternary International · doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2026.110200 · Cited by 2
Tropical forcing of midlatitude terrestrial hydroclimate during the Late Cretaceous
Zhang, Z., Huang, Y., Yin, Q., Li, X., Yang, D., Ma, C., & Wang, C. (2026) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g54399.1 · Cited by 2
The synchrosqueezing transform to evaluate paleoclimate cyclicity
Borowiecki, R., Kravchinsky, V. A., van der Baan, M., & Herrera, R. H. (2023) · Computers & Geosciences · doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2023.105336 · Cited by 2
Petrenko, V. V., BenZvi, S., Dyonisius, M., Hmiel, B., Smith, A. M., II, & Buizert, C. (2024) · The Cryosphere · doi:10.5194/tc-18-3439-2024 · Cited by 2
Dreslerová, D., Venclová, N., Demján, P., Kyselý, R., & Matoušek, V. (2023) · Archeologické rozhledy · doi:10.35686/ar.2022.24 · Cited by 2
Space Weather at Earth and in Our Solar System
Lugaz, N. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814334-6.00012-1 · Cited by 2
Cambrian millennial-scale climate cycles paced by Milanković forcing
Zhang, Y., Fang, Q., Wu, H., Shi, M., Gai, C., Zhang, S., Yang, T., Li, H., & Zeeden, C. (2025) · Global and Planetary Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104988 · Cited by 1
Modeling Decadal and Centennial Solar UV Irradiance Changes
Reda, R., Penza, V., Criscuoli, S., Bertello, L., Cantoresi, M., Lucaferri, L., Ulzega, S., & Berrilli, F. (2025) · Solar Physics · doi:10.1007/s11207-025-02572-3 · Cited by 1
Re-evaluating solar irradiance reconstructions: No evidence of large secular trends
Chatzistergos, T., Krivova, N. A., Owens, M. J., & Egorova, T. A. (2026) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202661364 · Cited by 1
Zirker, J. B., & Engvold, O. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814334-6.00001-7 · Cited by 1
Mechanisms and proxies of solar forcing on climate and a peek into Indian paleoclimatic records
Panchang, R., Ambokar, M., Panchamwar, K., & Khare, N. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99519-1.00016-8 · Cited by 1
Groves, D. I., Santosh, M., & Müller, D. (2025) · Gondwana Research · doi:10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.006 · Cited by 1
The Waldmeier Rule and its Modifications
Nagovitsyn, Y. A., Осипова, А. А., Fedoseeva, S. N., & Larionova, A. I. (2025) · Astronomy Letters · doi:10.1134/s1063773725700331 · Cited by 1
Poluianov, S., Kovaltsov, G. A., & USOSKIN, I. G. (2019) · International Cosmic Ray Conference · doi:10.22323/1.358.1139 · Cited by 1
Self-citationStable Solar Periodicities: The Time Stability
Chol-jun, K., & Kyong-phyong, J. (2022) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stac134 · Cited by 1
Chol-jun, K., & Jik-su, K. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1912.11226 · Cited by 1
Stability of cycle in samplogram and spurious cycles in solar activityPreprint
Chol-jun, K. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2009.09578 · Cited by 1
Archaeomagnetic field intensity evolution during the last two millennia
Silva, W. P. (2019) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.14.2019.tde-19092018-135335
Cosmic-ray variability on the multi-millennial time scale: A new multi-proxy reconstruction
USOSKIN, I. G., Wu, C.-J., Krivova, N. A., Solanki, S. K., Kovaltsov, G. A., Baroni, M., & Bard, É. (2019) · International Cosmic Ray Conference · doi:10.22323/1.358.1164
Self-citationSolar activity, solar irradiance and terrestrial temperaturePreprint
Zharkova, V. V. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2008.00439
Stable solar cylcesPreprint
Chol-jun, K. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University)
Wang, L., Wang, J., Wang, J., & Xiao, Z. (2021) · Quaternary International · doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2021.08.001
Kim, W. M. (2021) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-2021-61-ac2
Kim, W. M. (2021) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-2021-61-ac1
Mackay, H., Plunkett, G., Jensen, B. J. L., et al. (2022) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-2021-170-cc1
Mackay, H. (2022) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-2021-170-ac2
Mackay, H. (2022) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-2021-170-ac1
Mackay, H. (2022) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-2021-170-ac3
(2021) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-2021-61-rc1
(2021) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-2021-61-rc2
Edmonds, I. (2022) · International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.4236/ijaa.2022.123013
陈, 思., 魏, 勇., 乐, 新., 徐, 凯., 李, 明., & 林, 巍. (2022) · SCIENTIA SINICA Terrae · doi:10.1360/n072022-0081
Hart, J. P., Birch, J., Manning, S. W., & Lorentzen, B. (2023) · Radiocarbon · doi:10.1017/rdc.2023.37
Petrenko, V. V. (2024) · doi:10.5194/egusphere-2023-3126-ac2
Petrenko, V. V. (2024) · doi:10.5194/egusphere-2023-3126-ac1
Ameur, M. B., Masmoudi, S., Omar, H., & Yaich, C. (2024) · Journal of Sedimentary Environments · doi:10.1007/s43217-024-00185-7
Mediaeval Korean aurora and flood records and solar activity cycle of ∼200 yr
Jik-Su, K., Chol-jun, K., & Myong, K. J. (2024) · Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics · doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106373
Аркадиевич, Г. С. (2025) · Journal of Ancient History and Archeology · doi:10.14795/j.v11i4.1142
Modeling Decadal and Centennial Solar UV IrradianceChangesPreprint
Reda, R., Penza, V., Criscuoli, S., Bertello, L., Cantoresi, M., Lucaferri, L., Ulzega, S., & Berrilli, F. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6915859/v1
Nguyen, L., Suttie, N., Nilsson, A., & Muscheler, R. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20580911
Yin, Q., & Berger, A. (2026) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109958
12,000 years of climate-environment-society interactions on eastern Mediterranean olive trees
Kaniewski, D., Marriner, N., Terral, J., Besnard, G., Vuidel, G., Tsitsou, L., Topsakal, J., Baradel, D., Morhange, C., Otto, T., et al. (2026) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.110182
Holocene hydroclimatic variability and multi-frequency analyses at Lake Sidi Ali (Morocco)
Schmidt, J., Reichert, M., Kertscher, C., Tjallingii, R., Schneider, B., Dietze, E., Bergmann, L., Benkaddour, A., Mikdad, A., Pichat, S., et al. (2026) · Climate of the past · doi:10.5194/cp-22-1537-2026
Saha, C., Owens, M. J., Lockwood, M., Barnard, L., Brehm, N., Dalla, S., Herbst, K., Muscheler, R., & Wang, J. (2026) · Solar Physics · doi:10.1007/s11207-026-02731-0
The Little Ice Age in paleoclimate proxies and climate model simulations
Falster, G., Atwood, A. R., Konecky, B., & Tyler, J. J. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15748-6.00062-9
Metadata
- Authors
- Usoskin, I. G., Gallet, Y., Lopes, F., Kovaltsov, G. A., & Hulot, G.
- Affiliations
- ReSoLVE Center of Excellence (FI)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RU)
- Venue
- Astronomy & Astrophysics
- Publisher
- EDP Sciences
- Published
- 2016-03
- Volume
- 587
- Pages
- A150
- ISSN
- 0004-6361 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0746
- OpenAlex
- W2257928166
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 8.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Astronomy and Astrophysics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Academy of Finland (272157)
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
- ReSoLVE Center of Excellence
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Tree-ring climate responses
- Keywords
- solar activity, Holocene, grand minima, cosmogenic nuclides, geomagnetic dipole moment, solar variability, multi-proxy reconstruction, paleoclimate
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review