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Cited by 57Diabetes Treatment and ManagementMetabolism, Diabetes, and CancerDiabetes Management and Research

Acetyl-L-carnitine infusion increases glucose disposal in type 2 diabetic patients

Giancaterini, A., De Gaetano, A., Mingrone, G., Gniuli, D., Liverani, E., Capristo, E., Greco, A.V.·2000·Metabolism
DOI 10.1053/meta.2000.6250
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Abstract

Little information is available in the literature on the effect of L-carnitine to improve glucose disposal in healthy control subjects and type 2 diabetic patients. No data are reported on the pharmacological properties of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study evaluates glucose uptake and oxidation rates with either ALC or placebo administration in 18 type 2 diabetic patients. On different days, each patient received both a primed-constant infusion of ALC (5 mg/kg body weight [BW] priming bolus and either 0.025, 0.1, or 1.0 mg/kg BW/min constant infusion) and a comparable placebo formulation. During the infusion period, continuous indirect calorimetric monitoring and a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC) study were performed. The total end-clamp glucose tissue uptake (M value) was significantly increased by the administration of ALC (from 3.8 to 5.2 mg/kg/min, P = .006), and the dose dependence of this effect reached borderline statistical significance (P = .037). The increase in the M/I ratio was also highly significant after ALC administration (from 3.9 to 5.8 x 10(-2) mg/kg/min/(microUI/mL, P < .001), while no statistically significant effect was attributable to the different dosages. The increase in the M value was related to increased glucose storage (highly significant effect of ALC) rather than increased glucose oxidation (no statistical significance). In conclusion, the effect of ALC on glucose disposal has no relationship to the amount administered. This could be due to an effect of ALC on the enzymes involved in both the glycolytic and gluconeogenetic pathways, and a possible reversibility of glycogen synthase inhibition in diabetic subjects.

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  • Three earlier reports found that intravenous L-carnitine infusions improved insulin sensitivity, as measured by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps, in diabetic subjects.

    “These findings are consistent with three previous reports showing that intravenous infusions of L-carnitine improved insulin sensitivity (measured by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps) in diabetic subjects (Capaldo et al., 1991; Giancaterini et al., 2000; Mingrone et al., 1999).”

    From Muscle-specific deletion of carnitine acetyltransferase compromises glucose tolerance and metabolic flexibility (2012) · cites this paper as Giancaterini et al., 2000

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Authors
Giancaterini, A., De Gaetano, A., Mingrone, G., Gniuli, D., Liverani, E., Capristo, E., & Greco, A. V.
Affiliations
National Research Council (IT)
Corresponding author
Giancaterini, A.
ORCID
Venue
Metabolism
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2000-06
Volume
49
Issue
6
Pages
704-708
ISSN
0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1053/meta.2000.6250
OpenAlex
W2140771698
Cited by
57
References
26
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
FWCI
0.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords
acetyl-L-carnitine, type 2 diabetes, glucose disposal, glucose uptake, glucose oxidation, glycogen storage, dose dependence, insulin sensitivity, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, indirect calorimetry
MeSH terms
Acetylcarnitine, Calorimetry, Indirect, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Glucose, Humans, Injections, Intravenous, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Glucose Clamp Technique

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