Hepatitis C Virus and Alcohol
Open accessAbstract
This review will focus on the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (HCV) infection in alcoholics with and without liver disease. Evidence will be presented to demonstrate that ethanol and chronic HCV infection synergistically accelerate liver injury. Some of the major postulated mechanisms responsible for disease progression include high rates of apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, and generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species with reduced antioxidant capacity of the liver. Acquisition and persistence of HCV infection may be due to the adverse effects of ethanol on humoral and cellular immune responses to HCV. Dendritic cells (DC) appear to be one of the major targets for ethanol's action and DC dysfunction impairs the ability of the host to generate viral specific cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4+) and cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8+) immune responses. There is a relationship between increased alcohol intake and decreased response to interferon (IFN) therapy, which may be reversed by abstinence. Clinical studies are needed to optimize treatment responses in alcoholic patients with chronic HCV infection.
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Alcohol abuse is an important cofactor for liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic HCV infection, suggesting a possible role for the LPS-TLR4 axis in this synergy.
“This finding fits well with the well-established clinical observation that alcohol abuse is an important cofactor in promoting liver disease development and HCC in patients with chronic HCV infection 50 and suggests a potential role for the LPS–TLR4 axis in the synergy between alcohol and HCV.”
From The gut microbiome and liver cancer: mechanisms and clinical translation (2017) · cites this paper as [50]
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- Authors
- Siu, L., Foont, J., & Wands, J.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- ORCID
- Wands, Jack
- Venue
- Seminars in Liver Disease
- Publisher
- Georg Thieme Verlag KG
- Published
- 2009-04-22
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 02
- Pages
- 188-199
- ISSN
- 0272-8087 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-8971
- PMC
- PMC2893013
- OpenAlex
- W1967820787
- Cited by
- 74
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Seminars in Liver Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA008169, R01AA002666)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis C virus research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Keywords
- hepatitis C virus, alcoholism, chronic hepatitis C, liver injury, ethanol, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant capacity, dendritic cells, immune response to HCV, interferon therapy response, alcohol abstinence
- MeSH terms
- Alcohol Drinking, Ethanol, Animals, Antiviral Agents, Humans, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome, Disease Progression, Hepatitis C, Chronic
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