Gestational Diabetes in the Population Served by Brazilian Public Health Care. Prevalence and Risk Factors
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Objective To assess the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and the main associated risk factors in the population served by the Brazilian Unified Health System in the city of Caxias do Sul, state of Rio Grande do Sul. Materials and Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted. Maternal variables were collected from the medical records of all pregnant women treated at the basic health units in 2016. Hyperglycemia during pregnancy (pregestational diabetes, overt diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus) was identified by analyzing the results of a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, as recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Based on the data, the women were allocated into two groups: the gestational diabetes group and the no gestational diabetes group. Results The estimated prevalence of gestational diabetes among 2,313 pregnant women was of 5.4% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 4.56–6.45). Pregnant women with 3 or more pregnancies had twice the odds of having gestational diabetes compared with primiparous women (odds ratio [OR] = 2.19; 95%CI: 1.42–3.37; p < 0.001). Pregnant women aged 35 years or older had three times the odds of having gestational diabetes when compared with younger women (OR = 3.01; 95%CI: 1.97–4.61; p < 0.001). Overweight pregnant women were 84% more likely to develop gestational diabetes than those with a body mass index lower than 25 kg/m2 (OR = 1.84; 95%CI: 1.25–2.71; p = 0.002). A multivariable regression analysis showed that being overweight and being 35 years old or older were independent variables. Conclusion In this population, the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was of 5.4%. Age and being overweight were predictive factors for gestational diabetes.
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In Brazil, pregnant women who were obese, ≥35 years, and those with three or more pregnancies were more likely to develop gestational diabetes mellitus than women with normal BMI, <35 years, and primiparous.
“Additionally, pregnant women who were obese, ≥35 years, and those with three or more pregnancies were more likely to develop GDM during pregnancy than women with a normal BMI, <35 years, and primiparous [80].”
From Evolution of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus across Continents in 21st Century (2022) · cites this paper as [80]
The Results report higher unadjusted odds of GDM for women aged ≥35 and women with three or more pregnancies. They also report higher odds for BMI ≥25 versus BMI <25, but do not separately establish the claimed comparison of obese women with normal-BMI women. The Discussion adds that the association with three or more pregnancies lost significance after adjustment. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn a study among users of the Brazilian Unified Health System in Caxias do Sul, the estimated prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was 5.4%.
“In a study performed among users of the Brazilian Unified Health System (UHS) in the city of Caxias do Sul, State of Rio Grande do Sul, the estimated prevalence of GDM was 5.4%.”
From Evolution of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus across Continents in 21st Century (2022) · cites this paper as [80]
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Evolution of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus across Continents in 21st Century
Dłuski, D. F., Ruszała, M., Rudziński, G., Pożarowska, K., Brzuszkiewicz, K., & Leszczyńska-Gorzelak, B. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192315804 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Prevalencia y factores asociados a la diabetes gestacional en Jaén, Perú
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- Authors
- dos Santos, P. A., Madi, J. M., da Silva, E. R., Vergani, D. D. O. P., de Araújo, B. F., & Garcia, R. M. R.
- Affiliations
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Garcia, Rosa Maria Rahmi
- ORCID
- Venue
- Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics
- Published
- 2020-01
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 01
- Pages
- 012-018
- ISSN
- 0100-7203 (ISSN-L)
- 1806-9339
- PMC
- PMC10316875
- OpenAlex
- W3006880560
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 4.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Revista Brasileira Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (88887)
- Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
- Ministério da Educação
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- gestational diabetes mellitus, prevalence, risk factors, maternal age, overweight, parity, Unified Health System (SUS), public health care, oral glucose tolerance test, Caxias do Sul
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Brazil, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Medical Records, Pregnancy, Prenatal Care, Public Health, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Diabetes, Gestational, Overweight
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