Relationship Between Growth, Secondary Metabolism, and Resistance of Apple
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Abstract: The paper shows that N‐induced vigorous shoot growth increases susceptibility of apple trees to Venturia inaequalis. This is due to a weakened defence in infected leaves of the high N cultures showing large lesions with excessive sporulation, whereas infected leaves from the low N cultures exhibited successful defence with only small chlorotic lesions and no sporulation. This might be explained by biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids in the young leaves of the resistant trees. A negative correlation between shoot growth of apple trees and the concentration of phenolic compounds in young leaves was found. Studies on in vitro shoot cultures revealed that the availability of sugars for the phenylpropanoid pathway is a strong regulatory factor. The ratio of sucrose and nitrogen in the medium influenced the total level of secondary products in the in vitro grown plantlets. Moreover, the relative deficiency of sugars was responsible for a metabolic block mainly at the level of glucosyl transferase and concomitant aglycone accumulation.
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There is increasing evidence that differences in fertilisation regimens between organic and conventional production systems are significant drivers for higher (poly)phenolic concentrations in organic crops.
“In contrast, there is increasing evidence that differences in fertilisation regimens between organic and conventional production systems (and, in particular, the non-use of high mineral N fertiliser inputs) are significant drivers for higher (poly)phenolic concentrations in organic crops( 20 , 49 – 52 ).”
Differences in antioxidant/(poly)phenolic concentrations between organic and conventional crops are driven by contrasting N supply patterns.
“in antioxidant/(poly)phenolic concentrations between organic and conventional crops are driven by contrasting N supply patterns. This view is supported by previous studies that have suggested that under high N availability, plants allocate carbohydrates from photosynthesis to primary metabolism and rapid growth while producing less amounts of secondary metabolites involved in defence( 51 ).”
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Self-citationBonora, A., Venturoli, A., Venturi, M., Boini, A., & Grappadelli, L. C. (2022) · Advances in Horticultural Science · doi:10.36253/ahsc-13902 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Jasmonate-induced prey response in the carnivorous plant Drosera capensisPreprint
Long, Z. G., Takahashi, G. R., Cumpio, F. M., Akbari, O. J., Castelan, U., Hadadian, M., Le, J. V., Alemayhu, A. M., Einstein, D. E., Einstein, E. E., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.07.18.665637 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Venturia inaequalis (apple scab)
CABI (2021) · CABI Compendium · doi:10.1079/cabicompendium.56212
Mesnage, R., & Rodriguez‐Mateos, A. (2026) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/9781839169649-00001
- Authors
- Rühmann, S., Leser, C., Bannert, M., & Treutter, D.
- Affiliations
- Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Treutter, D.
- Venue
- Plant Biology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-03
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 137-143
- ISSN
- 1435-8603 (ISSN-L)
- 1438-8677
- OpenAlex
- W2029319052
- Cited by
- 93
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Plant Biology (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 607)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Keywords
- apple, Venturia inaequalis, powdery mildew, nitrogen nutrition, shoot growth, secondary metabolism, phenylpropanoids, phenolic compounds, plant disease resistance, sporulation, sugar availability, in vitro shoot culture
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