The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents
Abstract
ORAL hypoglycemic agents are commonly prescribed drugs. In the United States they account for about 1 percent of all prescriptions.1 This review discusses the pharmacology, mechanisms of action, efficacy, safety, and recommended use of currently approved agents, as well as other agents that may become available in the near future.BackgroundDiabetes mellitus affects nearly 15 million people in the United States. About 15 percent have insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), which is believed to be caused by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells.2 In such patients, insulin therapy is essential for life. About 80 percent of patients have non-insulin-dependent . . .
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Eisenbarth (1986) · doi:10.1056/nejm198605223142106 · Cited by 1,659
Pirart, J. (1978) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.1.3.168 · Cited by 1,290
Plasma Insulin Responses to Oral and Intravenous Glucose: Studies in Normal and Diabetic Subjects*
Perley, M. J., & Kipnis, D. M. (1967) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci105685 · Cited by 917
Studies of pancreatic alpha cell function in normal and diabetic subjects
Unger, R. H., Aguilar-Parada, E., Müller, W. A., & Eisentraut, A. M. (1970) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci106297 · Cited by 837
Impaired Glucose Tolerance as a Disorder of Insulin Action
Lillioja, S., Mott, D. M., Howard, B. V., Bennett, P. H., Yki-Järvinen, H., Freymond, D., Nyomba, B. L., Zurlo, F., Swinburn, B., & Bogardus, C. (1988) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198805123181901 · Cited by 578
Pharmacokinetics of Metformin After Intravenous and Oral Administration to Man
Pentik�inen, P. J., Neuvonen, P. J., & Penttil�, A. (1979) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00562061 · Cited by 348
The Acute and Chronic Effects of Sulfonylurea Therapy in Type II Diabetic Subjects
Kolterman, O. G., Gray, R. S., Shapiro, G., Scarlett, J. A., Griffin, J., & Olefsky, J. M. (1984) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.33.4.346 · Cited by 213
Greene, D. A., Lattimer, S. A., & Sima, A. A. F. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.37.6.688 · Cited by 199
NATHAN, D. M., ROUSSELL, A., & GODINE, J. E. (1988) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-3-334 · Cited by 67
Cited by
Bailey, C. J., & Turner, R. C. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199602293340906 · Cited by 1,726
Metabolic effects of metformin in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Stumvoll, M., Nurjhan, N., Perriello, G., Dailey, G., & Gerich, J. E. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199508313330903 · Cited by 1,148
Self-citationCryer, P. E., Davis, S. N., & Shamoon, H. (2003) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.26.6.1902 · Cited by 1,160
A comparison of glyburide and insulin in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Langer, O., Conway, D. L., Berkus, M. D., Xenakis, E. M.-J., & Gonzales, O. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200010193431601 · Cited by 924
The barrier of hypoglycemia in diabetes
Cryer, P. E. (2008) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db08-1084 · Cited by 725
Metadata
- Authors
- Oates, J. A., Wood, A. J. J., & Gerich, J. E.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 1989-11-02
- Volume
- 321
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 1231-1245
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2088065710
- Cited by
- 480
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 13.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1056/nejm198911023211805
- The paper
- Oates, J. A., Wood, A. J. J., & Gerich, J. E. (1989). Oral Hypoglycemic Agents. New England Journal of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198911023211805
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.