The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pregnancy and the Risk of Stroke
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: It is widely believed that pregnancy increases the risk of stroke, but there are few data available to quantify that risk. METHODS: We identified all female patients 15 through 44 years of age in central Maryland and Washington, D.C., who were discharged from any of 46 hospitals in the study area in 1988 or 1991. Two neurologists reviewed each case, using data from the women's medical records. We determined whether the women had been pregnant at the time of the stroke or up to six weeks before it occurred. For purposes of this analysis, the six-week period after pregnancy could begin with an induced or spontaneous abortion or with the delivery of a live or stillborn child. RESULTS: Seventeen cerebral infarctions and 14 intracerebral hemorrhages occurred in women who were or had recently been pregnant (pregnancy-related strokes), and there were 175 cerebral infarctions and 48 intracerebral hemorrhages that were not related to pregnancy. For cerebral infarction, the relative risk during pregnancy, adjusted age and race, was 0.7 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.3 to 1.6), but it increased to 8.7 for the postpartum period (after a live birth or stillbirth) (95 percent confidence interval, 4.6 to 16.7). For intracerebral hemorrhage, the adjusted relative risk was 2.5 during pregnancy (95 percent confidence interval, 1.0 to 6.4) but 28.3 for the postpartum period (95 percent confidence interval, 13.0 to 61.4). Overall, for either type of stroke during or within six weeks after pregnancy, the adjusted relative risk was 2.4 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.6 to 3.6), and the attributable, or excess, risk was 8.1 strokes per 100,000 pregnancies (95 percent confidence interval, 6.4 to 9.7). CONCLUSIONS: The risks of both cerebral infarction and intracerebral hemorrhage are increased in the six weeks after delivery but not during pregnancy itself.
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Citations
Cites
Experience from a multicentre stroke register: a preliminary report.
Hatano, S. (1976) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 1,526
Cunningham, F. G., & Williams, J. W. (2001) · Cited by 1,156
The Stroke Data Bank: design, methods, and baseline characteristics.
Foulkes, M. A., Wolf, P. A., Price, T. R., Mohr, J. P., & Hier, D. B. (1988) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.19.5.547 · Cited by 946
Sharshar, T., Lamy, C., & Mas, J. L. (1995) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.26.6.930 · Cited by 396
Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: diagnostic criteria and clinical approach
Calabrese, L. H., Furlan, A. J., Gragg, L. A., & Ropos, T. J. (1992) · Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine · doi:10.3949/ccjm.59.3.293 · Cited by 251
Oral contraception and risk of a cerebral thromboembolic attack: results of a case-control study.
Lidegaard, O. (1993) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.306.6883.956 · Cited by 216
Interrater Reliability of an Etiologic Classification of Ischemic Stroke
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Self-citationMaternal mortality in developed countries: Not just a concern of the past
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Self-citationBlack-white differences in stroke risk among young adults.
Kittner, S. J., McCarter, R., Sherwin, R., Sloan, M. A., Stern, B. J., Johnson, C. J., Buchholz, D. W., Seipp, M. J., & Price, T. R. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 99
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Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Benjamin, E. J., Blaha, M. J., Chiuve, S. E., Cushman, M., Das, S. R., Deo, R., de Ferranti, S. D., Floyd, J., Fornage, M., Gillespie, C., et al. (2017) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000485 · Cited by 12,591
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2019 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Benjamin, E. J., Muntner, P., Alonso, A., Bittencourt, M. S., Callaway, C. W., Carson, A. P., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Das, S. R., et al. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000659 · Cited by 9,036
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2012 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Writing Group Members, Roger, V. L., Go, A. S., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Benjamin, E. J., Berry, J. D., Borden, W. B., Bravata, D. M., Dai, S., Ford, E. S., et al. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31823ac046 · Cited by 7,333
Self-citationHeart disease and stroke statistics-2018 update: a report from the american heart association
Benjamin, E. J., Virani, S. S., Callaway, C. W., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Chiuve, S. E., Cushman, M., Delling, F. N., Deo, R., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000558 · Cited by 7,146
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Mozaffarian, D., Benjamin, E. J., Go, A. S., Arnett, D. K., Blaha, M. J., Cushman, M., Das, S. R., de Ferranti, S., Després, J.-P., Fullerton, H. J., et al. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000350 · Cited by 6,596
Metadata
- Authors
- Kittner, S. J., Stern, B. J., Feeser, B. R., Hebel, J. R., Nagey, D. A., Buchholz, D. W., Earley, C. J., Johnson, C. J., Macko, R. F., Sloan, M. A., Wityk, R. J., & Wozniak, M. A.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 1996-09-12
- Volume
- 335
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 768-774
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2321700603
- Cited by
- 665
- References
- 11
- FWCI
- 8.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Kittner, S. J., Stern, B. J., Feeser, B. R., Hebel, J. R., Nagey, D. A., Buchholz, D. W., Earley, C. J., Johnson, C. J., Macko, R. F., Sloan, M. A., Wityk, R. J., & Wozniak, M. A. (1996). Pregnancy and the Risk of Stroke. New England Journal of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm199609123351102
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