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Cited by 634Pregnancy and preeclampsia studiesNeurological Complications and SyndromesBlood Pressure and Hypertension Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Trial of Calcium to Prevent Preeclampsia

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Levine, Richard J., Hauth, John C., Curet, Luis B., Sibai, Baha M., Catalano, Patrick M., Morris, Cynthia D., DerSimonian, Rebecca, Esterlitz, Joy R., Raymond, Elizabeth G., Bild, Diane E., Clemens, John D., Cutler, Jeffrey A., Ewell, Marian G., Friedman, Steven A., Goldenberg, Robert L., Jacobson, Sig-Linda, Joffe, Gary M., Klebanoff, Mark A., Petrulis, Alice S.·1997·New England Journal of Medicine
DOI 10.1056/nejm199707103370201
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Previous trials have suggested that calcium supplementation during pregnancy may reduce the risk of preeclampsia. However, differences in study design and a low dietary calcium intake in the populations studied limit acceptance of the data. METHODS: We randomly assigned 4589 healthy nulliparous women who were 13 to 21 weeks pregnant to receive daily treatment with either 2 g of elemental calcium or placebo for the remainder of their pregnancies. Surveillance for preeclampsia was conducted by personnel unaware of treatment-group assignments, using standardized measurements of blood pressure and urinary protein excretion at uniformly scheduled prenatal visits, protocols for monitoring these measurements during the hospitalization for delivery, and reviews of medical records of unscheduled outpatient visits and all hospitalizations. RESULTS: Calcium supplementation did not significantly reduce the incidence or severity of preeclampsia or delay its onset. Preeclampsia occurred in 158 of the 2295 women in the calcium group (6.9 percent) and 168 of the 2294 women in the placebo group (7.3 percent) (relative risk, 0.94; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.76 to 1.16). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the prevalence of pregnancy-associated hypertension without preeclampsia (15.3 percent vs. 17.3 percent) or of all hypertensive disorders (22.2 percent vs. 24.6 percent). The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures during pregnancy were similar in both groups. Calcium did not reduce the numbers of preterm deliveries, small-for-gestational-age births, or fetal and neonatal deaths; nor did it increase urolithiasis during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Calcium supplementation during pregnancy did not prevent preeclampsia, pregnancy-associated hypertension, or adverse perinatal outcomes in healthy nulliparous women.

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2 of the 33 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 9

  1. 1942, Lancet, 2, 10
  2. Chaudhuri SK, 1969, J Obstet Gynaecol India, 19, 313
  3. Montanaro D, 1986, Miner Metab Res Italy, 7, 121
  4. Sanchez-Ramos L, 1994, Obstet Gynecol, 84, 349
  5. Cong K, 1993, Chung Hua Fu Chan Ko Tsa Chih, 28, 657
  6. Levine RJ, 1992, Clin Appl Nutr, 2, 30
  7. Hoffman RJ, 1988, Clin Chem, 34, 1313
  8. Calcium and hypocalcemia. In: Klaus MH, Fanaroff AA, eds. Care of the high-risk neonate. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1986:227-31.
  9. Villar J, 1987, Obstet Gynecol, 70, 317

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Metadata

Authors
Levine, R. J., Hauth, J. C., Curet, L. B., Sibai, B. M., Catalano, P. M., Morris, C. D., DerSimonian, R., Esterlitz, J. R., Raymond, E. G., Bild, D. E., Clemens, J. D., Cutler, J. A., Ewell, M. G., Friedman, S. A., Goldenberg, R. L., Jacobson, S.-L., Joffe, G. M., Klebanoff, M. A., & Petrulis, A. S.
Affiliations
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
  • University of New Mexico (US)
  • University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
  • MetroHealth Medical Center (US)
  • Oregon Health & Science University (US)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (US)
ORCID
Venue
New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher
Massachusetts Medical Society
Published
1997-07-10
Volume
337
Issue
2
Pages
69-77
ISSN
  • 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
  • 1533-4406
DOI
10.1056/nejm199707103370201
OpenAlex
W2084688828
Cited by
634
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 34
FWCI
45.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (N01-HD-5-3122, N01-HD-5-3121, N01-HD-5-3123)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Neurological Complications and Syndromes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
Keywords
calcium supplementation, preeclampsia prevention, pregnancy, nulliparous women, gestational hypertension, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, blood pressure in pregnancy, urinary protein excretion, urolithiasis, perinatal outcomes, preterm birth, small for gestational age
MeSH terms
Adult, Calcium, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Parity, Pre-Eclampsia, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular, Pregnancy Outcome, Proteinuria, United States, Urinary Calculi, Incidence, Case-Control Studies

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