The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Homocysteine Lowering with Folic Acid and B Vitamins in Vascular Disease
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: In observational studies, lower homocysteine levels are associated with lower rates of coronary heart disease and stroke. Folic acid and vitamins B6 and B12 lower homocysteine levels. We assessed whether supplementation reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events in patients with vascular disease. METHODS: We randomly assigned 5522 patients 55 years of age or older who had vascular disease or diabetes to daily treatment either with the combination of 2.5 mg of folic acid, 50 mg of vitamin B6, and 1 mg of vitamin B12 or with placebo for an average of five years. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, and stroke. RESULTS: Mean plasma homocysteine levels decreased by 2.4 micromol per liter (0.3 mg per liter) in the active-treatment group and increased by 0.8 micromol per liter (0.1 mg per liter) in the placebo group. Primary outcome events occurred in 519 patients (18.8 percent) assigned to active therapy and 547 (19.8 percent) assigned to placebo (relative risk, 0.95; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.84 to 1.07; P=0.41). As compared with placebo, active treatment did not significantly decrease the risk of death from cardiovascular causes (relative risk, 0.96; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.81 to 1.13), myocardial infarction (relative risk, 0.98; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.85 to 1.14), or any of the secondary outcomes. Fewer patients assigned to active treatment than to placebo had a stroke (relative risk, 0.75; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.59 to 0.97). More patients in the active-treatment group were hospitalized for unstable angina (relative risk, 1.24; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.49). CONCLUSIONS: Supplements combining folic acid and vitamins B6 and B12 did not reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events in patients with vascular disease. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00106886; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN14017017.).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Hulley, S. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.280.7.605 · Cited by 6,216
Antman, E. M., Bassand, J., Klein, W. W., Ohman, M. E., Sendón, J. L. L., Rydén, L., Simoons, M. L., & Tendera, M. (2000) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(00)00804-4 · Cited by 4,824
A Quantitative Assessment of Plasma Homocysteine as a Risk Factor for Vascular Disease
Boushey, C. J. (1995) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03530130055028 · Cited by 3,708
Homocysteine and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke: A Meta-analysis
Homocysteine Studies Collaboration (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.16.2015 · Cited by 2,059
Homocysteine and Atherothrombosis
Welch, G. N., & Loscalzo, J. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199804093381507 · Cited by 1,997
Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: evidence on causality from a meta-analysis
Wald, D. S., Law, M., & Morris, J. K. (2002) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.325.7374.1202 · Cited by 1,945
Homocysteine Lowering and Cardiovascular Events after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Bønaa, K. H., Njølstad, I., Ueland, P. M., Schirmer, H., Tverdal, A., Steigen, T., Wang, H., Nordrehaug, J. E., Arnesen, E., & Rasmussen, K. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa055227 · Cited by 1,442
Toole, J. F., Malinow, M. R., Chambless, L. E., Spence, J. D., Pettigrew, L. C., Howard, V. J., Sides, E. G., Wang, C.-H., & Stampfer, M. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.291.5.565 · Cited by 1,391
Vivekananthan, D. P., Penn, M. S., Sapp, S. K., Hsu, A., & Topol, E. J. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13637-9 · Cited by 1,083
MTHFR 677C→T Polymorphism and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
Klerk, M., Verhoef, P., Clarke, R., Blom, H. J., Kok, F. J., & Schouten, E. G. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.16.2023 · Cited by 932
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–900 of 1,000
Uchida, Y., Sugiura, S., Ando, F., Nakashima, T., & Shimokata, H. (2011) · BMC Medical Genetics · doi:10.1186/1471-2350-12-35 · Cited by 20
Some considerations about the hypercoagulable states and their treatments
Cacciapuoti, F. (2011) · Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis · doi:10.1097/mbc.0b013e3283436401 · Cited by 20
Zhao, J. V., & Schooling, C. M. (2016) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.246 · Cited by 20
Cheng, J., Ukwatta, E., Shavakh, S., Chow, T. W. S., Párraga, G., Spence, J. D., & Chiu, B. C. Y. (2017) · Medical Physics · doi:10.1002/mp.12507 · Cited by 21
Plasma Cystathionine and Risk of Incident Stroke in Patients With Suspected Stable Angina Pectoris
Dhar, I., Svingen, G. F. T., Ueland, P. M., Lysne, V., Svenningsson, M. M., Tell, G. S., & Nygard, O. K. (2018) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.118.008824 · Cited by 19
Kyte, B. B., Ifebi, E., Shrestha, S., Charles, S., Liu, F. M., & Zhang, J. (2015) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2015.08.007 · Cited by 20
“Studies examining this issue included animal studies [2], small scale clinical trials with adults [1;3-6] or children [4].”
BackgroundNelson, A. L. (2011) · Open Access Journal of Contraception · doi:10.2147/oajc.s17425 · Cited by 20
Lin, Y., Wang, J., Chen, H., Zhang, Y., RongLu, Ren, L., Hong, J., & Fang, J. (2011) · Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/1756-9966-30-116 · Cited by 19
Wolf, N. M., Mueller, K., Hirche, F., Most, E., Pallauf, J., & Mueller, A. S. (2010) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114510000899 · Cited by 20
Bickel, C., Schnabel, R. B., Zengin, E., Lubos, E., Rupprecht, H. J., Lackner, K. J., Proust, C., Trégouët, D., Blankenberg, S., Westermann, D., et al. (2016) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2016.09.005 · Cited by 20
Novel Approaches to Investigate One-Carbon Metabolism and Related B-Vitamins in Blood Pressure
McMahon, A., McNulty, H., Hughes, C., Strain, J. J., & Ward, M. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8110720 · Cited by 21
Is Hyperhomocysteinemia an Additional Risk Factor of the Metabolic Syndrome?
Garcin, J.-M., Crémades, S., Garcia-Hejl, C., Bordier, L., Dupuy, O., Mayaudon, H., & Bauduceau, B. (2006) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/met.2006.4.185 · Cited by 20
Thrombophilia–hypofibrinolysis and atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease ≤ age 45 years
Glueck, C. J., Munjal, J., Aregawi, D., Agloria, M., Winiarska, M., Khalil, Q., & Wang, P. (2007) · Translational research · doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2007.03.005 · Cited by 20
Thompson, M. A., Bauer, B. A., Loehrer, L. L., Cha, S. S., Mandrekar, J. N., Sood, A., & Wahner‐Roedler, D. L. (2009) · The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1089/acm.2008.0402 · Cited by 20
Koike, T., Kuzuya, M., Kanda, S., Okada, K., Izawa, S., Enoki, H., & Iguchi, A. (2008) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2008.08.006 · Cited by 20
B Vitamins for the Prevention of Vascular Disease
Baigent, C., & Clarke, R. (2007) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.298.10.1212 · Cited by 20
Zhou, F., He, Y., Xie, X., Guo, N., Chen, W., & Zhao, Y. (2025) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100434 · Cited by 20
“To be disappointing, trials such as Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) [4], Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) [172], and Norwegian Vitamin Trial [173] concluded that Hcy-lowering could not prevent secondary strokes and other CVD events.”
Chiang, M.-L., Wu, Y.-H., Chang, J. Y., Wang, Y., Wu, Y., & Sun, A. (2020) · Journal of the Formosan Medical Association · doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2020.08.032 · Cited by 19
Kakoki, M., Ramanathan, P. V., Hagaman, J. R., Grant, R., Wilder, J., Taylor, J. M., Jennette, J. C., Smithies, O., & Maeda-Smithies, N. (2021) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-021-02291-y · Cited by 19
Liu, W., Cao, S., Shi, D., Ye, Z., Yu, L., Liang, R., Cheng, M., Chen, W., & Wang, B. (2023) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3729 · Cited by 19
Pre‐operative vitamin B infusion and prevention of nitrous oxide‐induced homocysteine increase
Rao, L. K., Francis, A. M., Wilcox, U. R., Miller, J. P., & Nägele, P. (2010) · Anaesthesia · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2010.06375.x · Cited by 19
Vitamin B6, B9 and B12 in diabetic nephropathy—beware
Thornalley, P. J., & Rabbani, N. (2010) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2010.124 · Cited by 19
Setyarani, M., Zinellu, A., Carru, C., & Zulli, A. (2013) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-013-0596-5 · Cited by 19
“4 lmol/L), using B vitamins and folic acid, have consistently failed to reduce clinical events [13].”
MethodSerum sex hormone and plasma homocysteine levels in middle-aged and elderly men
Nakhai-Pour, H. R., Grobbee, D. E., Muller, M., Emmelot‐Vonk, M. H., & van der Schouw, Y. T. (2006) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.1.02303 · Cited by 19
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children
McMurray, R. G., & Ondrak, K. S. (2013) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/1559827613481429 · Cited by 21
“Since studies in patients with preexisting CVD found no significant benefit or damage by supplementing these vitamins,(111) the benefit could be related to prevention.(109,112,113) Alternatively, folic acid and vitamin B 12 may cause an overall change in gene methylation levels in vascular cells, which may also promot…”
BackgroundSun, W., Zhai, M., Li, D., Zhou, Y., Chen, N., Guo, M., & Zhou, S. (2016) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2016.07.016 · Cited by 19
Suliman, M. E., Lindholm, B., Barany, P. F., Qureshi, A. R., & Stenvinkel, P. (2007) · Seminars in Dialysis · doi:10.1111/j.1525-139x.2007.00336.x · Cited by 19
Imamura, A., Murakami, R., Takahashi, R., Cheng, X. W., Numaguchi, Y., Murohara, T., & Okumura, K. (2009) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2009.09.017 · Cited by 19
“Lonn et al [28] have reported that supplements combining folic acid and vitamins lowered homocysteine levels by 2.”
BackgroundClarke, Z., Moat, S. J., Miller, A. L., Randall, M. D., LEWIS, M. J., & Lang, D. (2006) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.08.085 · Cited by 19
Kardiologische Diagnostik nach zerebraler Ischämie
Laufs, U., Hoppe, U. C., Rosenkranz, S., Kirchhof, P. F., Böhm, M., Diener, H., Endres, M., Grond, M., Hacke, W., Meinertz, T., et al. (2010) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-009-2901-3 · Cited by 18
Hyperhomocysteinemia and Mortality after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Girelli, D., Martinelli, N., Olivieri, O., Pizzolo, F., Friso, S., Faccini, G., Bozzini, C., Tenuti, I., Lotto, V., Villa, G., et al. (2006) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000083 · Cited by 20
Bleie, Ø., Strand, E., Ueland, P. M., Vollset, S. E., Refsum, H., Igland, J., Nordrehaug, J. E., & Nygard, O. K. (2011) · Coronary Artery Disease · doi:10.1097/mca.0b013e328344fff4 · Cited by 19
PON1 status and homocysteine levels as potential biomarkers for cardiovascular disease
Ponce-Ruiz, N., Murillo-González, F. E., Rojas‐García, A. E., Barrón-Vivanco, B. S., Bernal-Hernández, Y. Y., González-Arias, C. A., Ortega-Cervantes, L., Ponce-Gallegos, J., López‐Guarnido, O., & Medina‐Díaz, I. M. (2020) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.111062 · Cited by 19
Ist Vorbeugen besser als Heilen?
Mühlhauser, I. (2007) · Zeitschrift für ärztliche Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen - German Journal for Quality in Health Care · doi:10.1016/j.zgesun.2007.04.010 · Cited by 19
Who should be tested for thrombophilia?
Simioni, P. (2006) · Current Opinion in Hematology · doi:10.1097/01.moh.0000239705.25050.ff · Cited by 19
Chiang, C., Wu, Y.-H., Chang, J. Y., Wang, Y., Wu, Y., & Sun, A. (2019) · Journal of the Formosan Medical Association · doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2019.07.001 · Cited by 18
Wu, Y., Jin, Y., Wu, Y., Chang, J. Y., Chiang, C., & Sun, A. (2021) · Journal of Dental Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jds.2021.11.017 · Cited by 18
“A previous study has shown that a supplementation with folic acid and vitamins B12 and B6 can reduce blood homocysteine levels.(41) Our previous studies also demonstrated that supplementations with vitamin BC capsules plus corresponding deficient vitamin B12 and/or folic acid can reduce the abnormally high serum homoc…”
ResultEpigenetic Regulation by microRNAs in Hyperhomocysteinemia-Accelerated Atherosclerosis
Griñán, R., Escolá‐Gil, J. C., Julve, J., Benı́tez, S., & Rotllán, N. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232012452 · Cited by 18
Wu, Y., Lee, Y., Chang, J. Y., Wang, Y., Chiang, C., & Sun, A. (2022) · Journal of Dental Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jds.2022.10.028 · Cited by 18
Renal Association Clinical Practice Guideline on Cardiovascular Disease in CKD
Holt, S. G., & Goldsmith, D. J. A. (2011) · Nephron Clinical Practice · doi:10.1159/000328065 · Cited by 18
Osanai, T., Fujiwara, N., Sasaki, S., Metoki, N., Saitoh, G., Tomita, H., Nishimura, T., Shibutani, S., Yokoyama, H., Konta, Y., et al. (2010) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853890903451781 · Cited by 18
Homocysteine, Cortisol, Diabetes Mellitus, and Psychopathology
Kontoangelos, K. A., Papageorgiou, C., Raptis, A. E., Tsiotra, P. C., Lambadiari, V., Papadimitriou, G. N., Rabavilas, A. D., Dimitriadis, G., & Raptis, S. (2015) · Journal of Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2015/354923 · Cited by 18
“In recent years, studies have shown that elevated levels of homocysteine in the blood are an important and independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, as well as for vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease [1–3].”
BackgroundAndersen, N. C., & Selzman, C. H. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-05711-0.00068-9 · Cited by 18
Milovanovic, P. D., Hrnčić, D., Radotić, K., Stanković, M., Mutavdžić, D. R., Djonić, D., Rašić-Marković, A., Djuric, D. M., Stanojlović, O. P., & Djuric, M. P. (2017) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2017.10.008 · Cited by 16
Cardiological evaluation after cerebral ischaemia
Laufs, U., Hoppe, U. C., Rosenkranz, S., Kirchhof, P. F., Böhm, M., Diener, H., Endres, M., Grond, M., Hacke, W., Meinertz, T., et al. (2010) · Clinical Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00392-010-0200-4 · Cited by 18
Tan, A. G., Mitchell, P. L. R., Rochtchina, E., Flood, V. M., Cumming, R. G., & Wang, J. J. (2014) · Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15531 · Cited by 18
The Importance of Being Choline
Hollenbeck, C. B. (2010) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/j.jada.2010.05.012 · Cited by 18
Plant-based diets and control of lipids and coronary heart disease risk
Rao, V., & Al-Weshahy, A. (2008) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-008-0075-2 · Cited by 18
Nutritional And Nutraceutical Considerations For Dyslipidemia
Sirtori, C. R., Anderson, J. W., & Arnoldi, A. (2007) · Future Lipidology · doi:10.2217/17460875.2.3.313 · Cited by 18
Current Status of Folic Acid Supplementation on Colorectal Cancer Prevention
Kim, Y. (2016) · Current Pharmacology Reports · doi:10.1007/s40495-016-0046-1 · Cited by 18
Folic acid attenuates homocysteine and enhances antioxidative capacity in atherosclerotic rats
Cui, S., Li, W., Lv, X., Wang, P., Huang, G., & Gao, Y. (2017) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2017-0158 · Cited by 18
Contemporary Medical Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease
Agrawal, K., & Eberhardt, R. T. (2014) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2014.09.010 · Cited by 18
Lin, C., Chen, Y., Lin, W., Leu, H., Liu, T. Z., Huang, S., & Chen, J. W. (2008) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2007.01911.x · Cited by 18
Iron-dependent formation of homocysteine from methionine and other thioethers
Baggott, J. E., & Tamura, T. (2007) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602665 · Cited by 20
The need to test the theories behind the Polypill: rationale behind the Indian Polycap Study
on behalf of The Indian Polycap Study (TIPS) Investigators, Xavier, D., Pais, P. S., Sigamani, A., Pogue, J. M., Afzal, R., & Yusuf, S. (2008) · Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1438 · Cited by 18
Lever, M., Atkinson, W., George, P. M., & Chambers, S. T. (2007) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.05.021 · Cited by 18
Effect of B-Vitamin Therapy on Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Garrick, R. (2010) · Yearbook of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0084-3873(10)79637-1 · Cited by 18
Zhao, Z., Li, X., Sun, S., Mei, S., Ma, N., Miao, Z., Zhao, M., & Peng, S. (2016) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00228-016-2094-1 · Cited by 17
Wu, Y., Wu, Y., Chang, J. Y., Lee, Y., Chiang, C., & Sun, A. (2022) · Journal of Dental Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jds.2022.05.011 · Cited by 18
“acid and vitamins B12 and B6 can reduce blood homocysteine levels.(51) Our previous studies also demonstrated that supplementations with vitamin BC capsules plus corresponding deficient vitamin B12 and/or folic acid can reduce the abnormally high serum homocysteine level to significantly lower levels in patients with…”
BackgroundWu, Y., Wu, Y., Chang, J. Y., Lee, Y., Chiang, C., & Sun, A. (2022) · Journal of Dental Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jds.2022.05.023 · Cited by 18
“A previous study has shown that a supplementation with folic acid and vitamins B12 and B6 can reduce blood homocysteine levels.(51) Our previous studies also demonstrated that supplementations with vitamin BC capsules plus corresponding deficient vitamin B12 and/or folic acid can reduce the abnormally high serum homoc…”
ResultComprehensive metabolomic characterization of atrial fibrillation
Lu, C., Liu, C., Mei, D., Yu, M., Bai, J., Bao, X., Wang, M., Fu, K., Yi, X., Ge, W., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.911845 · Cited by 17
“The increased level responds to the acute phase of cerebral ischemia (67).”
BackgroundFactors Associated with the Steep Increase in Late Midlife Stroke Occurrence among US Men
Towfighi, A., Saver, J. L., Engelhardt, R., & Ovbiagele, B. I. (2008) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2007.12.007 · Cited by 17
Preventing Cardiovascular Disease in Women: An Update
WENGER, N. K. (2007) · Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.1002/clc.20134 · Cited by 17
High‐dose folic acid and its effect on early stage diabetic foot ulcer wound healing
Boykin, J. V., Hoke, G. D., Driscoll, C. R., & Dharmaraj, B. (2020) · Wound Repair and Regeneration · doi:10.1111/wrr.12804 · Cited by 18
“5 mg/day of folic acid, combined with B6 and B12, no reduction in cardiovascular risk was documented.(6) However, high dosages of folic acid (≥5 mg daily) have been demonstrated to promote improved cardiovascular performance, by the reversal of endothelial dysfunction, in adults with T2DM(7,8) and in children or adole…”
BackgroundTousoulis, D., Antoniades, C. A., Marinou, K., Vasiliadou, C., Bouras, G., Stefanadi, E., Latsios, G., Siasos, G., Toutouzas, K., & Stefanadis, C. (2008) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2008.10719714 · Cited by 17
Wang, X., Ye, P., Cao, R., Yang, X., Xiao, W., Zhang, Y., Bai, Y., & Wu, H. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.1111/jch.12555 · Cited by 17
Homocysteine Lowering with Folic Acid and Vitamin B Supplements
Carlsson, C. M. (2006) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.2165/00002512-200623060-00004 · Cited by 17
Medical management and cardiovascular risk reduction in peripheral arterial disease.
Sethi, A., & Arora, R. R. (2008) · PubMed Central · Cited by 16
Garcia, A. A. (2007) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2007.07.003 · Cited by 17
Assessing Plasma Total Homocysteine in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease
Urquhart, B. L., & House, A. A. (2007) · Peritoneal Dialysis International · doi:10.1177/089686080702700502 · Cited by 16
Les effets des nutriments dépendent-ils des aliments qui les portent ? L’effet matrice
Lecerf, J. M., & Legrand, P. (2015) · Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique · doi:10.1016/j.cnd.2014.12.003 · Cited by 17
Homocysteine and diabetic retinopathy
Lei, C., Lv, Z., Ran, Q., Jiang, F., & Zhang, M. (2025) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2025.110729 · Cited by 18
Effects of vitamin B12 deficiency on risk and outcome of ischemic stroke
Zhou, L., Song, X., Wang, J., Tan, Y., & Yang, Q. (2023) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110591 · Cited by 16
Cardiovascular disease prevention tailored for women
Engberding, N., & WENGER, N. K. (2008) · Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy · doi:10.1586/14779072.6.8.1123 · Cited by 16
Hensen, A. D. O., Lijfering, W. M., Cannegieter, S. C., Rosendaal, F. R., & Vlieg, A. V. H. (2019) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/bjh.16075 · Cited by 18
“…between observational studies on homocysteine level and recurrent venous thrombosis (den Heijer et al., 1995; Eichinger et al., 1998) and the trials on the effect of vitamin B supplementation on the risk of first and recurrent venous thrombosis (Lonn et al., 2006; den Heijer et al., 2007).”
BackgroundCrowe, F. L., Skeaff, C. M., McMahon, J. A., Williams, S., & Green, T. (2008) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/138.3.551 · Cited by 16
Aléssio, A. C. M., Santos, C. X. C., Debbas, V., de Oliveira, L. C., Haddad, R., & Annichino‐Bizzacchi, J. M. (2010) · Experimental and Molecular Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.07.008 · Cited by 16
Animal Models of Ischemic Stroke. Part One: Modeling Risk Factors
Bacigaluppi, M., Comi, G., & Hermann, D. M. (2010) · The Open Neurology Journal · doi:10.2174/1874205x01004010026 · Cited by 16
Guaraldi, G., Ventura, P., Garlassi, E., Orlando, G., Squillace, N., Nardini, G., Stentarelli, C., Zona, S., Marchini, S., Moriondo, V., et al. (2008) · HIV Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1293.2008.00649.x · Cited by 17
Folate in colorectal cancer, prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease
Guelpen, B. R. V. (2007) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1080/00365510601161513 · Cited by 16
Vitamin Supplementation and Stroke Prevention
Hankey, G. J. (2012) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.111.639930 · Cited by 16
Lin, P., Huang, M.-C., Lee, B., Cheng, C.-H., Tsai, T.-P., & Huang, Y. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 16
Hyperhomocysteinemia and Lower Extremity Wounds
Schwartzfarb, E. M., & Romanelli, P. (2008) · The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds · doi:10.1177/1534734608322490 · Cited by 16
He, L.-M., Gao, C., Wang, Y., Wang, H., & Zhao, H. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.21964 · Cited by 16
Homocysteine supplementation ameliorates steatohepatitis induced by a choline‐deficient diet in mice
Minami, S., Miura, K., Ishioka, M., Morimoto, N., Isoda, N., Yamamoto, H., & Iijima, K. (2018) · Hepatology Research · doi:10.1111/hepr.13234 · Cited by 16
Heit, J. A. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-2296-9.00014-2 · Cited by 16
Soares, A. L., Fernandes, A. P., Cardoso, J. E., Sousa, M. O., Lasmar, M. C., Novelli, B. A., Lages, G. D. F. G., Dusse, L. M. S., Vieira, L. M., Lwaleed, B. A., et al. (2007) · Pathophysiology of Haemostasis and Thrombosis · doi:10.1159/000252825 · Cited by 16
Urquhart, B. L., Freeman, D. J., Spence, J. D., & House, A. A. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1177/0091270007303767 · Cited by 16
Dysregulated RANK Ligand/RANK Axis in Hyperhomocysteinemic Subjects
Nenseter, M. S., Ueland, T., Retterstøl, K., Strøm, E., Mørkrid, L., Landaas, S., Ose, L., Aukrust, P., & Holven, K. B. (2008) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.108.522995 · Cited by 16
Cardiovascular Implications of Chronic Kidney Disease in Older Adults
Dukkipati, R., Adler, S. G., & Mehrotra, R. (2008) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.2165/00002512-200825030-00006 · Cited by 16
Ma, L., Li, L., & Tang, Z. (2017) · Clinical and Experimental Hypertension · doi:10.1080/10641963.2017.1306540 · Cited by 16
Lowering homocysteine for stroke prevention
Carlsson, C. M. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60830-7 · Cited by 15
Guo, S., Zhang, W., Cui, X., & Bao, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2025.1710051 · Cited by 16
“RCTs further show that combined supplementation with folic acid, vitamin B₆, and vitamin B₁₂ does not reduce major cardiovascular event risk in vascular disease patients (Lonn et al., 2006), suggesting cautious evaluation of B vitamins’ anti-HF efficacy.”
Zhang, T., Liang, Z., Lin, T.-F., Cohen, D. J., Arrieta, A., Wang, X., Qin, X., Wang, B., Huo, Y., Liu, G. G., et al. (2022) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-022-02601-z · Cited by 15
Novel biomarkers with potential for cardiovascular risk reclassification
Mallikethi‐Reddy, S., Briasoulis, Α., Akintoye, E. O., & Afonso, L. (2016) · Biomarkers · doi:10.1080/1354750x.2016.1201540 · Cited by 16
Khan, N. A. (2016) · JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH · doi:10.7860/jcdr/2016/21322.8927 · Cited by 16
Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Redox Signaling: Role in Atherosclerosis and Coronary Disease
Haghikia, A., & Landmesser, U. (2017) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2017.7052 · Cited by 16
Kaur, N., Nair, V., Sharma, S., Dudeja, P., & Puri, P. (2017) · Medical Journal Armed Forces India · doi:10.1016/j.mjafi.2017.11.005 · Cited by 15
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
Luepker, R. V., & Lakshminarayan, K. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199218707.003.0059 · Cited by 15
Inter- and intra-individual variations in normal urinary glycine betaine excretion
Lever, M., Atkinson, W., Sizeland, P., Chambers, S. T., & George, P. M. (2007) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2006.10.029 · Cited by 15
Metadata
- Authors
- The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) 2 Investigators
- Affiliations
- Hamilton General Hospital (CA)
- Corresponding author
- The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) 2 Investigators
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2006-04-13
- Volume
- 354
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 1567-1577
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2109544293
- Cited by
- 1,729
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 70 · 2016: 81 · 2015: 77 · 2014: 84 · 2013: 85 · 2012: 104
- FWCI
- 136.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Pittsburgh
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Keywords
- homocysteine lowering, folic acid, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vascular disease, cardiovascular events, stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular mortality, unstable angina, diabetes mellitus, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Double-Blind Method, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Folic Acid, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Risk Factors, Vascular Diseases, Vitamin B 12, Hyperhomocysteinemia, Stroke, Vitamin B 6
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
